Prevalence of Psychological Problems among Survivors of the Earthquake in Northern Areas of Pakistan

ABSTRACT The purpose of present study is to investigate the prevalence of psychological problems in the earthquake victims in Northern Areas of Pakistan. The sample of the present study consist of 200 earth quake victims (Mean age = 36.20; SD=16.78

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

Impact of Parental Participation in Career Exploration Programs on High School Learner’s Self-Concept

This study aims to understand the extent to which parents influence their children's career growth and how it influences their self-concept. In this study, we created a career exploration program in-house, which included both parents and their children. For the sensitization of the parents, two focus group discussion sessions were carried out, proceeded with a 52-item as a self-concept assessment. Using real-world case studies and logical debates, a total of 17 fathers were provided with information throughout the focus group session. After that, a posttest between group design was used to assess the impact of career development intervention on three different groups through highly reliable. A total of 62 adolescents were divided into three experimental group: 30 students were classified as alone, 15 students were partnered with their parents (n = 30), and 17 students were matched with 17 parents who had been educated to the issue through focus group discussions. The outcomes show that kids with informed parents did better than students alone and students with non-sensitised parents in terms of self-concept. Regression equation was found significant (F (1, 60) = 6.745, p=0.012), with an R2 of 0.101, which stated that student’s self-concepts holds 8.6% of the explained variability in Career exploration settings. The study's findings will be useful to policy makers, educators, parents, students, and researchers

Impact of Parental Participation in Career Exploration Programs on High School Learner’s Self-Concept

This study aims to understand the extent to which parents influence their children's career growth and how it influences their self-concept. In this study, we created a career exploration program in-house, which included both parents and their children. For the sensitization of the parents, two focus group discussion sessions were carried out, proceeded with a 52-item as a self-concept assessment. Using real-world case studies and logical debates, a total of 17 fathers were provided with information throughout the focus group session. After that, a posttest between group design was used to assess the impact of career development intervention on three different groups through highly reliable. A total of 62 adolescents were divided into three experimental group: 30 students were classified as alone, 15 students were partnered with their parents (n = 30), and 17 students were matched with 17 parents who had been educated to the issue through focus group discussions. The outcomes show that kids with informed parents did better than students alone and students with non-sensitised parents in terms of self-concept. Regression equation was found significant (F (1, 60) = 6.745, p=0.012), with an R2 of 0.101, which stated that student’s self-concepts holds 8.6% of the explained variability in Career exploration settings. The study's findings will be useful to policy makers, educators, parents, students, and researchers