Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Problem-based Learning Terhadap Karakter Kreatif Dan Berpikir Kritis Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model Problem-Based Learning terhadap karakter kreatif dan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain Pre-test-Post-test Control Group Design. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua kelompok eksperimen dan satu kelompok kontrol. Populasi penelitian ini adalah lima SD Unggulan di Purwokerto dan sampelnya adalah kelas IV di tiga SDN unggulan: kelas IV di SDN 1 Sokanegara, SDN 2 Sokanegara, dan SDN 1 Kranji. Data dianalisis menggunakan one sample t-test, uji Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) dengan rumus T Hotelling, dan dilanjutkan secara univariat dengan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan pada penggunaan model Problem-Based Learning terhadap karakter kreatif dan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran matematika

Kesiapan Kerja di Perusahaan Isp, Ditinjau dari Pencapaian Kompetensi Administrasi Server Jaringan dan Pelaksanaan Prakerin Bagi Siswa Smk Paket Keahlian Tkj

This study aims to determine the contribution of administrative competence achievement and implementation of the network server prakerin against job readiness in the enterprise ISP vocational students in Malang on TKJ membership packages. Type and data analysis of this study are included in the quantitative research. The samples used as many as 205 students. The data collection for the implementation prakerin and job readiness in the enterprise ISP is done with a questionnaire, while for the variable competence network server administration skills do with documentation of the value. Data analysis included descriptive and regression. The results showed: (1) the contribution of the attainment of a network server administration skills to work in the company ISP readiness of 31.1%; (2) contribution to the implementation prakerin job readiness in the enterprise ISP amounted to 45.4%; and (3) the contribution of competency achievement network server administration skills and implementation readiness prakerin simultaneously to work in the ISP company amounted to 66.2%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi pencapaian kompetensi administrasi server jaringan dan pelaksanaan prakerin terhadap kesiapan kerja di Perusahaan ISP siswa SMK di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang pada paket keahlian TKJ. Jenis dan data analisis penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 205 siswa. Pengumpulan data untuk pelaksanaan prakerin dan kesiapan kerja di Perusahaan ISP dilakukan dengan angket, sedangkan untuk variabel kompetensi keterampilan administrasi server jaringanl dilakukan dengan dokumentasi nilai. Analisis data meliputi deskriptif dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) kontribusi pencapaian kompetensi keterampilan administrasi server jaringan terhadap kesiapan kerja di Perusahaan ISP sebesar 31,1%; (2) kontribusi pelaksanaan prakerin terhadap kesiapan kerja di Perusahaan ISP sebesar 45,4%; dan (3) kontribusi pencapaian kompetensi keterampilan administrasi server jaringan dan pelaksanaan prakerin secara simultan terhadap kesiapan kerja di Perusahaan ISP sebesar 66,2%

Faktor Ibu dan Bayi yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Kematian Perinatal

Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana hubungan faktor ibu dan bayi berhubungan dengan kejadian kematian perinatal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor ibu dan bayi yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kematian perinatal di Kabupaten Batang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei kendali kasus. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua bayi yang lahir mulai umur kehamilan ≥28 minggu atau > 7 hari yang tinggal di wilayah Kabupaten Batang. Sampel berjumlah 47 kasus dan 47 kendali diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik acak. Data primer diperoleh dengan kuesioner dan data sekunder dari puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Batang. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus statistik uji chi square (α=0,05) dengan penentuan odds ratio (OR). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kematian perinatal di Kabupaten Batang adalah pendidikan ibu (p= 0,006, OR= 3,878), pengetahuan ibu (p= 0,013, OR= 2,843), paritas (p= 0,016, OR=2,988), BBLR (p= 0,001, OR=7,570), asfiksia (p= 0,001, OR=2,270), dan kelainan kongenital (p= 0,003, OR=2,205). Simpulan penelitiannya ada hubungan antara pendidikan ibu, pengetahuan ibu, paritas, BBLR, asfiksia, dan kelainan kongenital dengan kejadian kematian perinatal.The research problem was how the relationship of mother and infant factors associated with the incidence of perinatal death. Purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the incidence of perinatal mortality in the Batang District. Type of research was analytic study with case-control. The population were all infants born from age ≥ 28 weeks gestation or > 7 days living in the area of Batang District. Samples were amount 47 cases and 47 controls. Primary data taken from questionnaires and secondary data of public health centers and health department of Batang regency. Data analyzed using a statistical formula chi square test (α = 0,05) with the determination odds ratio. The result showed that the risk factors associated with incidence of perinatal death were maternal education (p= 0,006, OR = 3,878), maternal knowledge (p = 0,013, OR =2,843), parity (p = 0,016, OR = 2,988 ), low birth weight (p = 0,001, OR =7,570), asphyxia (p = 0,001, OR = 2,270), and congenital anomalies (p = 0,003, OR = 2,205). Conclusion, the risk factors of incidence of perinatal death were maternal education, maternal knowledge, parity, low birth weight, asphyxia, and congenital anomalies

Penentuan Status Mutu Air Sungai Berdasarkan Metode Indeks Pencemaran Sebagai Pengendalian Kualitas Lingkungan (Studi Kasus : Sungai Gelis, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah)

Sungai Gelis merupakan salah satu sungai yang melintasi Kabupeten Kudus. Sungai Gelis digunakan sebagai tempat pengaliran air hujan yang keberadaannya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari aktivitas manusia di sekitar DAS. Banyaknya aktivitas penduduk disekitar sungai meningkatkan jumlah limbah domestik masuk ke Sungai Gelis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung status mutu air sungai di Sungai Gelis. Sungai Gelis sebagai daerah penelitian memiliki panjang ±29 km dan dibagi ke dalam 5 lokasi titik sampling. Analisis status mutu air sungai dilakukan menggunakan metode indeks pencemaran yang telah dianggap komprehensif menurut Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Republik Indonesia Nomor 115 Tahun 2003. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan status mutu air sungai pada Sungai Gelis adalah cemar sedang

Pengaruh Bimbingan Relaksasi Spiritual terhadap Kecemasan pada Pasien Pre Operasi di Ruang Sunan Drajat Rsi Sakinah Kabupaten Mojokerto

Tindakan operasi dan trauma bedah yang direncanakan dapat menimbulkan respon kecemasan pada responden. Kecemasan ini ditunjukan melalui gejala-gejala fisiologi, emosional dan kognitif. Salah satu psikoterapi untyk mengatasi kecemasan adalah dengan pendekatan spiritual keagamaan yaitu melalui bimbingan doa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan relaksasi terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien pre operasi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre experimental design dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest design. Sampel dipilih menggunakan metode conveince (accidental) sampling sebanyak 20 responden yaitu pasien pre operasi fraktur extremitas bawah, pada bulan februari 2017. Data penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre operasi. Pengukuran tingkat kecemasan menggunakan skala kecemasan Hamilton Anxietas Rating Scale (HARS). Setelah ditabulasi data yang ada dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistic Wilcoxon signed ranks test dengan tingkat kemaknaan (p < 0,05). Kepada responden diberikan bimbingan doa sebanyak dua kali yaitu 1-2 jam operasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kecemasan sebelum intervensi diperoleh hasil tidak ada responden yang tidak cemas, kecemasan sedang 6 responden (30%), sedangkan 14 responden (70%) mengalami kecemasan berat. Sedangkan tingkat kecemasan responden sesudah intervensi menunjukan 6 orang (30%) mengalami kecemasan sedang, 14 responden (70%) mengalami kecemasan ringan. Dan tidak ada responden yang mengalami kecemasan berat. Hasil ini didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 pada tingkat p ≤ 0,05 (≤ 0,05). Bila dibandingkan dengan tingkat kemaknaan yaitu 0,000 ≤ 0,05, berarti Ho ditolak, H1 diterima Secara statistika berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari intervensi yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka perlu adanya pendekatan spiritual sebagai psikoterapi dalam mengatasi kecemasan pasien pre operas

Synthetic Nitrogen Fertiliser in South Asia: Production, Import, Export, and Use for Crops, South Asia Nitrogen Hub (SANH) Policy Brief

This policy brief is produced by the UKRI GCRF South Asian Nitrogen Hub (SANH). It provides an overview of the patterns and trends in synthetic nitrogen (N) fertiliser use in crop production, import, export and emission in the South Asian Region (SAR) and its member countries; Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, India, Maldives, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. In summary, reactive nitrogen (Nr) in fertilisers is essential for meeting global food and animal feed demands, but Nr pollution has become a major environmental issue across all scales. For SAR, inefficient use of synthetic N fertiliser is a key factor contributing to water pollution, air pollution, climate change, biodiversity loss and soil degradation. Further insights are provided on major fertiliser products, as well as in crop production, import and export. These data are essential for informing and promoting sustainable nitrogen management. Evidence based policy is more important than ever. The SANH is supported by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) through its Global Challenge Research Fund (GCRF) to gather evidence on nitrogen issues to support countries in the South Asian Region (SAR) comprising eight countries (Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, and Maldives) to identify solutions and reduce nitrogen waste. SANH is pioneering a UK-SAR research partnership to catalyse transformational change in SAR to tackle the nitrogen challenge, benefi ting the economy, people’s health and the environment. SANH brings together 32 leading research organisations with governments and other partners. This policy brief provides key insights into national fertiliser trends for all eight SAR countries

Synthetic Nitrogen Fertiliser in South Asia: Production, Import, Export, and Use for Crops, South Asia Nitrogen Hub (SANH) Policy Brief

This policy brief is produced by the UKRI GCRF South Asian Nitrogen Hub (SANH). It provides an overview of the patterns and trends in synthetic nitrogen (N) fertiliser use in crop production, import, export and emission in the South Asian Region (SAR) and its member countries; Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, India, Maldives, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. In summary, reactive nitrogen (Nr) in fertilisers is essential for meeting global food and animal feed demands, but Nr pollution has become a major environmental issue across all scales. For SAR, inefficient use of synthetic N fertiliser is a key factor contributing to water pollution, air pollution, climate change, biodiversity loss and soil degradation. Further insights are provided on major fertiliser products, as well as in crop production, import and export. These data are essential for informing and promoting sustainable nitrogen management. Evidence based policy is more important than ever. The SANH is supported by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) through its Global Challenge Research Fund (GCRF) to gather evidence on nitrogen issues to support countries in the South Asian Region (SAR) comprising eight countries (Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, and Maldives) to identify solutions and reduce nitrogen waste. SANH is pioneering a UK-SAR research partnership to catalyse transformational change in SAR to tackle the nitrogen challenge, benefi ting the economy, people’s health and the environment. SANH brings together 32 leading research organisations with governments and other partners. This policy brief provides key insights into national fertiliser trends for all eight SAR countries

CD11bhigh B Cells Increase After Stroke and Regulate Microglia: CD11bhigh B Cells Increase After Stroke and Regulate MG

Recent studies have highlighted the deleterious contributions of B cells to post-stroke recovery and cognitive decline. Different B cell subsets have been proposed based on expression levels of transcription factors (e.g. T-bet) as well as specific surface proteins. CD11b (α-chain of integrin) is expressed by several immune cell types and is involved in regulation of cell motility, phagocytosis, and other essential functions of host immunity. Although B cells express CD11b, the CD11bhigh subset of B cells has not been well characterized, especially in immune dysregulation seen with aging and after stroke. Here, we investigate the role of CD11bhigh B cells in immune responses after stroke in young and aged mice. We evaluated the ability of CD11bhigh B cells to influence pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes of young and aged microglia (MG). We hypothesized that CD11bhigh B cells accumulate in the brain and contribute to neuroinflammation in aging and after stroke. We found that CD11bhigh B cells are a heterogeneous subpopulation of B cells, predominantly present in naïve aged mice. Their frequency increases in the brain after stroke in young and aged mice. Importantly, CD11bhigh B cells regulate MG phenotype and increase MG phagocytosis in both ex vivo and in vivo settings, likely by production of regulatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α). As both APCs and adaptive immune cells with long-term memory function, B cells are uniquely positioned to regulate acute and chronic phases of the post-stroke immune response, and their influence is subset-specific

Magnetic resonance imaging indicators of blood-brain barrier and brain water changes in young rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hydrocephalus is associated with enlargement of cerebral ventricles. We hypothesized that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging parameters known to be influenced by tissue water content would change in parallel with ventricle size in young rats and that changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability would be detected.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Hydrocephalus was induced by injection of kaolin into the cisterna magna of 4-week-old rats, which were studied 1 or 3 weeks later. MR was used to measure longitudinal and transverse relaxation times (T1 and T2) and apparent diffusion coefficients in several regions. Brain tissue water content was measured by the wet-dry weight method, and tissue density was measured in Percoll gradient columns. BBB permeability was measured by quantitative imaging of changes on T1-weighted images following injection of gadolinium diethylenetriamine penta-acetate (Gd-DTPA) tracer and microscopically by detection of fluorescent dextran conjugates.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In nonhydrocephalic rats, water content decreased progressively from age 3 to 7 weeks. T1 and T2 and apparent diffusion coefficients did not exhibit parallel changes and there was no evidence of BBB permeability to tracers. The cerebral ventricles enlarged progressively in the weeks following kaolin injection. In hydrocephalic rats, the dorsal cortex was more dense and the white matter less so, indicating that the increased water content was largely confined to white matter. Hydrocephalus was associated with transient elevation of T1 in gray and white matter and persistent elevation of T2 in white matter. Changes in the apparent diffusion coefficients were significant only in white matter. Ventricle size correlated significantly with dorsal water content, T1, T2, and apparent diffusion coefficients. MR imaging showed evidence of Gd-DTPA leakage in periventricular tissue foci but not diffusely. These correlated with microscopic leak of larger dextran tracers.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>MR characteristics cannot be used as direct surrogates for water content in the immature rat model of hydrocephalus, probably because they are also influenced by other changes in tissue composition that occur during brain maturation. There is no evidence for widespread persistent opening of BBB as a consequence of hydrocephalus in young rats. However, increase in focal BBB permeability suggests that periventricular blood vessels may be disrupted.</p