Fuzzy environmental economic dispatch in power systems

Orientador: Carlos Alberto Favarin MurariDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: As decisões na operação de sistemas de potência estão associadas com diferentes aspectos, não somente técnicos (segurança, confiabilidade, etc.) senão também econômicos (custos de produção, venda de energia, etc.). Estes objetivos estão inclusos dentro dos modelos de despacho econômico usando o Fluxo de Potência Ótimo (FPO). De outra forma, com o crescente interesse nos aspectos ambientais, outros critérios, tais como a poluição, devem ser incorporados ao modelo de despacho. Outro aspecto importante é a incerteza de algumas variáveis e o problema pode ser modelado usando lógica nebulosa. Nesta dissertação é proposto um esquema simples para a tomada de decisões na operação de sistemas de potência, baseado em um Despacho Econômico Ambiental Nebuloso. É usado um modelo de ¿FPO Nebuloso DC¿ e este consiste de dois cenários, o ambiental versus o econômico e o econômico versus a incerteza. Os problemas de congestão (sobrecarga em ramos) e o corte de carga são também levados em conta. A formulação proposta permite obter, de uma forma simples, informações úteis para a avaliação da melhor decisão na operação levando em conta o critério ambiental. As simulações realizadas em diferentes sistemas, incluindo sistemas teste IEEE (Garver, IEEE30) e real (Piratininga), são mostradas para avaliar o esquema propostoAbstract: The decisions on power systems operation deal with different issues not only technical (security, reliability, etc.) but also economics (production costs, deregulated electricity markets, etc.). These subjects are included into the generation dispatch models by using an Optimal Power Flow (OPF). On the other hand, with the environmental issues growing up other criteria, such as the pollution, must be added to the dispatch model. Other important aspect is the uncertainty of some variables and the problem can be modeled by using fuzzy logic. In this work an easy scheme for the decisions on power systems operation is proposed, based on Fuzzy Economic and Environmental Dispatch. A ¿DC Fuzzy OPF model¿ is used and it consists of two main stages, the environmental versus the economic and the economic versus the uncertainty. The overloads on branches and the load curtailment are also taken into account. The formulation proposed allows obtaining, in a simple way, useful informations for evaluating the best decision in the operation taking into account the environmental criteria. Simulations for different systems, including IEEE test systems (Garver, IEEE30) and real system (Piratininga), are shown to evaluate the schemeMestradoEngenharia EletricaMestre em Engenharia Elétric

Linking serial homicide - : towards an ecologically valid application

Purpose Crime linkage analysis (CLA) can be applied in the police investigation-phase to sift through a database to find behaviorally similar cases to the one under investigation and in the trial-phase to try to prove that the perpetrator of two or more offences is the same, by showing similarity and distinctiveness in the offences. Lately, research has moved toward more naturalistic settings, analyzing data sets that are as similar to actual crime databases as possible. One such step has been to include one-off offences in the data sets, but this has not yet been done with homicide. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how linking accuracy of serial homicide is affected as a function of added hard-to-solve one-off offences. Design/methodology/approach A sample (N = 117-1160) of Italian serial homicides (n = 116) and hard-to-solve one-off homicides (n = 1-1044, simulated from 45 cases) was analyzed using a Bayesian approach to identify series membership, and a case by case comparison of similarity using Jaccard's coefficient. Linking accuracy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics and by examining the sensitivity and specificity of the model. Findings After an initial dip in linking accuracy (as measured by the AUC), the accuracy increased as more one-offs were added to the data. While adding one-offs made it easier to identify correct series (increased sensitivity), there was an increase in false positives (decreased specificity) in the linkage decisions. When rank ordering cases according to similarity, linkage accuracy was affected negatively as a function of added non-serial cases. Practical implications While using a more natural data set, in terms of adding a significant portion of non-serial homicides into the mix, does introduce error into the linkage decision, the authors conclude that taken overall, the findings still support the validity of CLA in practice. Originality/value This is the first crime linkage study on homicide to investigate how linking accuracy is affected as a function of non-serial cases being introduced into the data.Peer reviewe

Texture Sensitive Denoising for Single Sensor Color Imaging Devices

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Le lesioni polipoidi della colecisti: problemi diagnostici e terapeutici

Le lesioni polipoidi della colecisti costituiscono un’entità eterogenea di difficile definizione diagnostica preoperatoria. L’indicazione chirurgica è discutibile ma in alcuni casi obbligatoria . In questo studio abbiamo analizzato i dati clinici relativi a 25 pazienti sottoposti consecutivamente a colecistectomia laparoscopica per formazioni polipoidi. Ciò al fine di evidenziare la possibile correlazione fra aspetto ecografico e valutazione istopatologica e di definire l’indicazione terapeutica

Infectivity and Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa by Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) in Apulia, Italy

Discovery of Xylella fastidiosa from olive trees with "Olive quick decline syndrome" in October 2013 on the west coast of the Salento Peninsula prompted an immediate search for insect vectors of the bacterium. The dominant xylem-fluid feeding hemipteran collected in olive orchards during a 3-mo survey was the meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae). Adult P. spumarius, collected in November 2013 from ground vegetation in X. fastidiosa-infected olive orchards, were 67% (40 out of 60) positive for X. fastidiosa by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Euscelis lineolatus Brulle were also collected but tested negative for the pathogen. Transmission tests with P. spumarius collected from the Salento area were, therefore, conducted. After a 96-h inoculation access period with 8 to 10 insects per plant and a 30-d incubation period, PCR results showed P. spumarius transmitted X. fastidiosa to two of five periwinkle plants but not to the seven olive plants. Sequences of PCR products from infected periwinkle were identical with those from X. fastidiosa-infected field trees. These data showed P. spumarius as a vector of X. fastidiosa strain infecting olives trees in the Salento Peninsula, Italy

Noise Reduction for CFA Image Sensors Exploiting HVS Behaviour

This paper presents a spatial noise reduction technique designed to work on CFA (Color Filtering Array) data acquired by CCD/CMOS image sensors. The overall processing preserves image details using some heuristics related to the HVS (Human Visual System); estimates of local texture degree and noise levels are computed to regulate the filter smoothing capability. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The method is also suitable for implementation in low power mobile devices with imaging capabilities such as camera phones and PDAs

Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles in synovial fluid and plasma from Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis patients reveals novel immunopathogenic biomarkers

IntroductionNew early low-invasive biomarkers are demanded for the management of Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (OJIA), the most common chronic pediatric rheumatic disease in Western countries and a leading cause of disability. A deeper understanding of the molecular basis of OJIA pathophysiology is essential for identifying new biomarkers for earlier disease diagnosis and patient stratification and to guide targeted therapeutic intervention. Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released in biological fluids has recently emerged as a minimally invasive approach to elucidate adult arthritis pathogenic mechanisms and identify new biomarkers. However, EV-prot expression and potential as biomarkers in OJIA have not been explored. This study represents the first detailed longitudinal characterization of the EV-proteome in OJIA patients.MethodsFourty-five OJIA patients were recruited at disease onset and followed up for 24 months, and protein expression profiling was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in EVs isolated from plasma (PL) and synovial fluid (SF) samples.ResultsWe first compared the EV-proteome of SF vs paired PL and identified a panel of EV-prots whose expression was significantly deregulated in SF. Interaction network and GO enrichment analyses performed on deregulated EV-prots through STRING database and ShinyGO webserver revealed enrichment in processes related to cartilage/bone metabolism and inflammation, suggesting their role in OJIA pathogenesis and potential value as early molecular indicators of OJIA development. Comparative analysis of the EV-proteome in PL and SF from OJIA patients vs PL from age/gender-matched control children was then carried out. We detected altered expression of a panel of EV-prots able to differentiate new-onset OJIA patients from control children, potentially representing a disease-associated signature measurable at both the systemic and local levels with diagnostic potential. Deregulated EV-prots were significantly associated with biological processes related to innate immunity, antigen processing and presentation, and cytoskeleton organization. Finally, we ran WGCNA on the SF- and PL-derived EV-prot datasets and identified a few EV-prot modules associated with different clinical parameters stratifying OJIA patients in distinct subgroups.DiscussionThese data provide novel mechanistic insights into OJIA pathophysiology and an important contribution in the search of new candidate molecular biomarkers for the disease

INSTRUMENTOS DE FINANCIAMENTO DOS ODS NO BRASIL

As nações demandam energia e outros produtos e serviços para elevar o bem-estar e crescimento econômico nos seus respectivos territórios. Neste sentido, este modelo usual em diversos países gera externalidades ao meio ambiente, causando pressão sobre a biodiversidade existente, o que ocasiona em prejuízos ao meio ambiente e consequentemente para a sociedade. De modo a mitigar estas externalidades, foram criados os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) com o propósito de criar orientações e metas para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Dois grandes desafios permeiam o cumprimento dos ODS, a (i) vontade política e de liderança e (ii) capacidade de financiamento para o cumprimento. Neste sentido, este trabalho procurou identificar os instrumentos que oportunizam a capacidade de financiamento dos ODS no Brasil, respondendo ao problema de capacidade de financiamento. Para tanto, utilizou-se do método de revisão de literatura para a pesquisa bibliográfica das fontes de recursos. Conclui-se que existem diversos instrumentos no Brasil para financiar o investimento nos ODS, sendo que alguns já possuem certa experiência enquanto tem-se o surgimento de instrumentos mais modernos como, por exemplo, finanças verdes.As nações demandam energia e outros produtos e serviços para elevar o bem-estar e crescimento econômico nos seus respectivos territórios. Neste sentido, este modelo usual em diversos países gera externalidades ao meio ambiente, causando pressão sobre a biodiversidade existente, o que ocasiona em prejuízos ao meio ambiente e consequentemente para a sociedade. De modo a mitigar estas externalidades, foram criados os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) com o propósito de criar orientações e metas para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Dois grandes desafios permeiam o cumprimento dos ODS, a (i) vontade política e de liderança e (ii) capacidade de financiamento para o cumprimento. Neste sentido, este trabalho procurou identificar os instrumentos que oportunizam a capacidade de financiamento dos ODS no Brasil, respondendo ao problema de capacidade de financiamento. Para tanto, utilizou-se do método de revisão de literatura para a pesquisa bibliográfica das fontes de recursos. Conclui-se que existem diversos instrumentos no Brasil para financiar o investimento nos ODS, sendo que alguns já possuem certa experiência enquanto tem-se o surgimento de instrumentos mais modernos como, por exemplo, finanças verdes.As nações demandam energia e outros produtos e serviços para elevar o bem-estar e crescimento econômico nos seus respectivos territórios. Neste sentido, este modelo usual em diversos países gera externalidades ao meio ambiente, causando pressão sobre a biodiversidade existente, o que ocasiona em prejuízos ao meio ambiente e consequentemente para a sociedade. De modo a mitigar estas externalidades, foram criados os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) com o propósito de criar orientações e metas para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Dois grandes desafios permeiam o cumprimento dos ODS, a (i) vontade política e de liderança e (ii) capacidade de financiamento para o cumprimento. Neste sentido, este trabalho procurou identificar os instrumentos que oportunizam a capacidade de financiamento dos ODS no Brasil, respondendo ao problema de capacidade de financiamento. Para tanto, utilizou-se do método de revisão de literatura para a pesquisa bibliográfica das fontes de recursos. Conclui-se que existem diversos instrumentos no Brasil para financiar o investimento nos ODS, sendo que alguns já possuem certa experiência enquanto tem-se o surgimento de instrumentos mais modernos como, por exemplo, finanças verdes

Adoption of blockchain as a step forward in orthopedic practice

Blockchain technology has gained popularity since the invention of Bitcoin in 2008. It offers a decentralized and secure system for managing and protecting data. In the healthcare sector, where data protection and patient privacy are crucial, blockchain has the potential to revolutionize various aspects, including patient data management, orthopedic registries, medical imaging, research data, and the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This manuscript explores the applications of blockchain in orthopedics and highlights its benefits. Furthermore, the combination of blockchain with artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and deep learning can enable more accurate diagnoses and treatment recommendations. AI algorithms can learn from large datasets stored on the blockchain, leading to advancements in automated clinical decision-making. Overall, blockchain technology has the potential to enhance data security, interoperability, and collaboration in orthopedics. While there are challenges to overcome, such as adoption barriers and data sharing willingness, the benefits offered by blockchain make it a promising innovation for the field