Contribución al conocimiento de la estratigrafía de las rocas sedimentarias de monte frío (jurásico inferior, valle superior del magdalena - colombia)

Las Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frio representan el registro de un evento sedimentológico de origen marino con gran influencia volcánica subaérea del Jurasico inferior en eI Valle Superior del Magdalena. Estudios detallados recientes de esta unidad, aflorante en la región de Monte Frio al suroeste del Municipio de Natagaima (Tolima), han permitido precisar la conformación litológica, el espesor y las relaciones con las unidades adyacentes, características que son descritas en el presente artículo.  La secuencia de las Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frío, de 423,5 m de espesor, se subdivide en seis segmentos para detallar su conformación: a nivel general se trata de una sucesión en donde se intercalan calizas micríticas, areniscas de grano muy fino, limolitas, lodolitas, chert, tobas y ocasionalmente conglomerados intraformacionales; el color predominante de las rocas es negro y gris oscuro. EI contacto inferior aparece cubierto en el área de estudio, mientras que la parte superior está en contacto transicional concordante con las capas rojas de origen volcánico de la Formación Saldaña. EI ambiente de deposito fue variable desde marino poco profundo hasta subaéreo con gran influencia volcánica y tectónica que ocasionó inestabilidad en la cuenca de deposito.  La presencia de ostrácodos y conchostracos del Liásico en las Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frio las ubican estratigráficamente por encima de la Formación Payandé y del Miembro Chicalá; sin embargo, no se descarta la posibilidad de que en esta sucesión pueda haber Incluídas partes de estas dos unidades. Se recomienda considerar al Miembro Chicalá y a las Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frío dentro de la Formación Payandé para facilitar la diferenciación con la Formación Saldaña.The "Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frío "represent the record of a marine sedimentological event with high subaerial volcanic influence in the Upper Magdalena Valley.  Recent detailed studies of this unit, which crops out at the Monte Frio area, close to the town of Natagaima (Tolima), have allowed to precise the lithological conformation, the thickness and the relations with the adjacent units; these characteristics are described in this paper. The sequence of the "Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frío, of 423,5 m thick, is subdivided into 6 segments to detail its conformation; in general, the succession consists of intercalationsof micritic limestones, very fine grained sandstones, siltstones, mudstones, chert, tuffs and occasionally intraformational conglomerates; the predominant color of the rocks is black and dark gray. The lower contact is covered in the area, and the upper part is concordant and transitional with the volcanic red beds of the Saldaña Formation.  The depositional environment was variable from shallow marine to subaerial with a high volcanic and tectonic influence which caused instability in the depositional basin. The presence of liasic ostracodes and conchostraca in the "Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frio" locates its stratigraphy over the Payandé Formation and the Chicalá Member; although it is not discarded that in this sequence can be included some parts of both of these units. It is recomended to consider the Chicalá Member and the "Rocas Sedimentarias de Monte Frio" within the Payandé Formation to make easier the differentiation from the Saldaña Formation

Cardiac Resynchronization With Sequential Biventricular Pacing for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Heart Failure

ObjectivesThe InSync III study evaluated sequential cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure and prolonged QRS.BackgroundSimultaneous CRT improves hemodynamic and clinical performance in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure (HF) and a wide QRS. Recent evidence suggests that sequentially stimulating the ventricles might provide additional benefit.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective, nonrandomized, six-month trial enrolled a total of 422 patients to determine the effectiveness of sequential CRT in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or IV HF and a prolonged QRS. The study evaluated: whether patients receiving sequential CRT for six months experienced improvement in 6-min hall walk (6MHW) distance, NYHA functional class, and quality of life (QoL) over control group patients from the reported Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE) trial; whether sequential CRT increased stroke volume compared to simultaneous CRT; and whether an increase in stroke volume translated into greater clinical improvements compared to patients receiving simultaneous CRT.ResultsInSync III patients experienced greater improvement in 6MHW, NYHA functional class, and QoL at six months compared to control (all p < 0.0001). Optimization of the sequential pacing increased (median 7.3%) stroke volume in 77% of patients. No additional improvement in NYHA functional class or QoL was seen compared to the simultaneous CRT group; however, InSync III patients demonstrated greater exercise capacity.ConclusionsSequential CRT provided most patients with a modest increase in stroke volume above that achieved during simultaneous CRT. Patients receiving sequential CRT had improved exercise capacity, but no change in functional status or QoL

Medición para cadenas de suministro bajo indicadores claves de desempeño (KPI) y tecnologías de información

The objective of the article is to design a model that identifies the aspects and processes to be measured in a supply chain (hereinafter CDS) under the guidance of objectives based on literature review on indicators and indexes in logistics and the management of the CDS to through information technologies (hereinafter referred to as IT). Methodologically, an explanatory-descriptive research is established, under a quantitative approach through a correlational study considering empirical data under a survey applied in the months of November, December 2017 and January 2018, addressed to a sample of entrepreneurs and executives of logistics in companies of the department of Atlántico-Colombia, selected through non-probabilistic sampling. The processing of the data was done through a multivariate analysis and variable correlation using the Statgraphics and SSPS programs. The results recommend the design of a model that classifies the key aspects to be measured in the supply chain under clear objectives in each logistics process (procurement, production and distribution), integrating IT in each logistics process as fundamental tools to guarantee the immediacy in the exchange of information.El objetivo del artículo es diseñar un modelo que identifique los aspectos y procesos a medir en una cadena de suministro (en adelante CDS) bajo la guía de objetivos basados en revisión de la literatura sobre indicadores e índices en logística y la gestión de la CDS a través de tecnologías de información (en adelante TI). Metodológicamente, se establece una investigación explicativa-descriptiva, bajo un abordaje cuantitativo a través de un estudio correlacional considerando datos empíricos bajo una encuesta aplicada en los meses de noviembre, diciembre de 2017 y enero de 2018, dirigida a una muestra de empresarios y directivos de logística en empresas del departamento del Atlántico-Colombia, seleccionados a través de muestreo no probabilístico. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó a través de un análisis multivariado y de correlación de variables empleando los programas Statgraphics y SSPS. Los resultados recomiendan el diseño de un modelo que clasifica los aspectos claves a medir en la cadena de suministro bajo objetivos claros en cada proceso logístico (aprovisionamiento, producción y distribución), integrando las TI en cada proceso logístico como herramientas fundamentales para garantizar la inmediatez en el intercambio de informació

Aplicación de un algoritmo randomizado a un problema real de enrutamiento de vehículos heterogéneos

La problemática del enrutamiento de vehículos cobra cada vez más importancia en el plano empresarial y estatal. Esta área de estudio ha experimentado grandes avances teóricos, pero se ha mantenido a cierta distancia de la práctica. La mejora en las técnicas para obtener soluciones factibles y de calidad está permitiendo aplicar resultados teóricos en la resolución de escenarios reales. En este estudio, se presenta la resolución de un problema de enrutamiento de vehículos con una flota heterogénea utilizando un algoritmo que combina una heurística clásica con un factor aleatorio y una memoria temporal de las mejores rutas encontradas. El experimento se ha ejecutado con los datos de una empresa española de distribución con más de 370 tiendas en el noreste de España. Los resultados reflejan mejoras con respecto al plan de rutas concebido de forma manual por los expertos de la empresaPeer ReviewedPreprin

The Submarine Volcano Eruption off El Hierro Island: Effects on the Scattering Migrant Biota and the Evolution of the Pelagic Communities

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The effect of social relationships on survival in elderly residents of a Southern European community: a cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Comparative evidence regarding the effects of social relationships on mortality in Mediterranean communities will increase our knowledge of their strengths and the ways in which they influence longevity across cultures. Men and women may benefit differently from social relationships because of cultural differences in gender roles. Psychosocial mechanisms such as social support, which may explain the effects of social networks, may also vary by culture.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Detailed information on the social relationships of a representative sample of 1,174 community-dwelling older adults was collected in Leganés, a city in central Spain. Mortality over a 6-year follow-up period was ascertained. Information on socio-demographic, health and disability variables was also collected. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted separately for men and women and for the combined sample.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Having a confidant was associated with a 25% (95% CI 5–40%) reduction in the mortality risk. The hazard ratio for lack of social participation was 1.5 (95% CI 1.3–1.7). Being engaged in meaningful roles protected against mortality, while receipt of emotional support did not affect survival. These results were comparable for men and women. Having contact with all family ties was associated with reduced mortality only in men. Structural aspects of social networks make a unique contribution to survival, independently of emotional support and the role played in the lives of significant others.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this elderly Southern European population, the beneficial effects of social networks, social participation, engagement in the life of significant others and having a confidant call for public policies that foster intergenerational and community exchanges.</p

Development of a Panel of Genome-Wide Ancestry Informative Markers to Study Admixture Throughout the Americas

Most individuals throughout the Americas are admixed descendants of Native American, European, and African ancestors. Complex historical factors have resulted in varying proportions of ancestral contributions between individuals within and among ethnic groups. We developed a panel of 446 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) optimized to estimate ancestral proportions in individuals and populations throughout Latin America. We used genome-wide data from 953 individuals from diverse African, European, and Native American populations to select AIMs optimized for each of the three main continental populations that form the basis of modern Latin American populations. We selected markers on the basis of locus-specific branch length to be informative, well distributed throughout the genome, capable of being genotyped on widely available commercial platforms, and applicable throughout the Americas by minimizing within-continent heterogeneity. We then validated the panel in samples from four admixed populations by comparing ancestry estimates based on the AIMs panel to estimates based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. The panel provided balanced discriminatory power among the three ancestral populations and accurate estimates of individual ancestry proportions (R2>0.9 for ancestral components with significant between-subject variance). Finally, we genotyped samples from 18 populations from Latin America using the AIMs panel and estimated variability in ancestry within and between these populations. This panel and its reference genotype information will be useful resources to explore population history of admixture in Latin America and to correct for the potential effects of population stratification in admixed samples in the region

Epistatic interaction of ERAP1 and HLA-B in Behçet disease: a replication study in the Spanish population

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multifactorial disorder associated with the HLA region. Recently, the ERAP1 gene has been proposed as a susceptibility locus with a recessive model and with epistatic interaction with HLA-B51. ERAP1 trims peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum to optimize their length for MHC-I binding. Polymorphisms in this gene have been related with the susceptibility to other immune-mediated diseases associated to HLA class I. Our aim was, the replication in the Spanish population of the association described in the Turkish population between ERAP1 (rs17482078) and BD. Additionally, in order to improve the understanding of this association we analyzed four additional SNPs (rs27044, rs10050860, rs30187 and rs2287987) associated with other diseases related to HLA class I and the haplotype blocks in this gene region. According to our results, frequencies of the homozygous genotypes for the minor alleles of all the SNPs were increased among patients and the OR values were higher in the subgroup of patients with the HLA-B risk factors, although differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, the presence of the same mutation in both chromosomes increased the OR values from 4.51 to 10.72 in individuals carrying the HLA-B risk factors. Therefore, although they were not statistically significant, our data were consistent with an association between ERAP1 and BD as well as with an epistatic interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B in the Spanish population