Thermochemical conversion of plant biomass in the energotechnological complex with heat recovery

Basic performance principles of the energotechnological complex used for thermochemical conversion of plant biomass with the influence of a magnetic field and high recovery of spent heat carrier energy have been developed. The concurrent saturation of a spent heat carrier in a loading bunker with the steam from humid biomass aimed at using a certain part of a spent heat carrier, which is clear from oxygen and nitrogen oxide, and moisture in thermochemical recovery has been considered as an important aspect of recuperation processes. A mathematical model has been developed and the results of numerical simulation have been presented for determining the distribution of temperature, velocity and pressure fields in a loading bunker. Prospective assessment of the engineering solutions developed for heat energy recovery of a double-flow spent heat carrier has been conducted

Investigation of the Efficiency of Wet Biodiesel Purification

The main research aim is to verify the efficiency of wet methods of biodiesel cleaning and to establish optimal and rational parameters for biodiesel purification and disposing of its cleaning waste. The efficiency of biodiesel washing was studied by means of volumetric, bubble and aerosol washing. Volumetric washing of biodiesel was carried out with the use of a blade mixer with three blades on a shaft and a four-blade agitator with sloping blades. One of the three methods of biodiesel washing studied can be recommended for practical use – aerosol washing with medium- and large-grained washing to be carried out for at least 4-5 hours, while fine-grained – for a longer time. The use of waste from the purification of biodiesel as a cosubstrate in biogas plants will almost double the output of biogas, which will significantly reduce the payback period of biogas plants

Phytomonitoring in the Phytometrics of the Plants

Phytomonitoring in the greenhouse using non-contact, visual assessment of plants is considered. The basis of the developed visual assessment is the implementation of plant photography by a special electrotechnical complex, after which the stored images are to be recognized by means of applying the technology of wavelet analysis. The use of technology of wavelet analysis of photographs as a means of contactless information acquisition will allow to assess the growth and condition of plants in the greenhouse and predict their development through the mathematical transformations laid down in its basis. This approach will provide an assessment of future yields. When recognizing plant photo images it is also possible to estimate the impression of plants that will detect the disease and then inform the staff about the condition of the a certain plant. The developed algorithm of recognition is also used to recognize biomass in the greenhouse space. The above will allow you to predict the amount of biomass for further use in bioreactors

Modeling and Robust Optimization of the Technological Mode of Electrotechnological Complexes with the Renewable Energy Systems of Heat

The article works out the structure of the relationship between the managerial levels of the food enterprise, which is developed taking in-to account the use of robust control systems in the abnormal mode and systems of repair of heat power. To optimize renewable energy systems to the existing range of technological equipment of the bakery, a cogeneration unit is installed, due to its ability to generate and consume both heat and electricity. Also it is shown that the emergence of an abnormal situation at the electrotechnological complex of food production leads to a significant change in the transfer coefficients of the object over the direct and cross-channel channels, which will lead to loss of stability of the closed control system. Synthesized structure robust control system which has roughness properties and minimal sensitivity to parametric and structural uncertainties facility in case of emergency situations and elected its optimization criterion. The basic properties of the electrotechnological complexes of food industries are analyzed and on the example of the baking furnace the robust control system synthesis and renewable energy systems are shown. A comparison of the characteristics of the control system with local and robust controllers has shown that a robust controller system has better robust properties in case of emergency situations

Investigation of Termomodernized Building's Microclimate with Renewable Energy

The values of indoor air temperatures in separate premises of the educational building of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine before and after the works on the thermo-modernization of the building were determined. A significant reduction in energy expenditure was achieved through the use of solar panels and solar collectors when changing the energy control algorithm and equipment for implementing this algorithm. The coldest rooms and premises with excess temperature are detected. The causes of uneven distribution of temperatures were analyzed. The possibility of equalizing the distribution of internal air temperatures and reducing the dependence of their values on fluctuations of external air temperatures is shown. With the help of the engineering methodology of calculation, energy efficiency of the so-called intermittent heating mode is demonstrated on the example of an educational room. It is shown that the use of the intermittent heating method can reduce energy consumption for heating. To further reduce energy costs, it is proposed to use a heat pump to compensate for peak loads and work at night at a special rate

Study of Methods of Biodiesel Neutralization with Aqueous Solution of Lymonic Acid

At the article is to determining an effective way to neutralize biodiesel and install optimal and rational parameters of biodiesel neutralization. The investigation of the efficiency of biodiesel neutralization was carried out by mixing it with aqueous citric acid solution (volumetric method) and by spraying an aqueous solution of citric acid over a layer of biodiesel (aerosol method)