51 research outputs found
Simple nonparametric inference for first-price auctions via bid spacings
In a classic model of the first-price auction, we propose a nonparametric
estimator of the quantile function of bidders' valuations, based on weighted
bid spacings. We derive the Bahadur-Kiefer expansion of this estimator with a
pivotal influence function and an explicit uniform remainder rate. This
expansion allows us to develop a simple algorithm for the associated uniform
confidence bands that does not rely on bootstrap. Monte Carlo experiments show
satisfactory statistical and computational performance of the estimator and the
confidence bands. Estimation and inference for related functionals is also
considered
Examining <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> infection in some Midland Russia predatory animal species
Commercially exploited predator animal species are considered as a final host for multiple biohelminths posing a threat both to human and other animals. Fight against pathogens of dangerous helminthozoonoses should be based on combining efforts of scientific and practical centers, various state departments, executive authorities, law enforcement authorities as well as country residents. Examining parasitic fauna in commercially exploited predator animals is of special priority in the Midland Russia with high population density, wherein people have been engaged in hunting closely contacting both with fur animals as well as domestic pets (dogs, cats). Alveococcosis is a natural focal disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. The study was aimed at examining dynamics of E. multilocularis recording in the Midland Russia commercially exploited predator animals. 2007β2018 Cestode spread was examined. A research material for (corpses, carcasses, body and tissue fragments) was obtained hunting reserves located in the Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, Tver, Oryol and Bryansk regions of the Midland Russia as well as the Republic of Karelia. Complete or partial helminthological autopsy carried out in accordance with K.I. Scriabin technique (1928) was performed in 262 animals, including 193 common red foxes, 28 domestic and 16 raccoon dogs, 16 domestic cats, 6 wolves, 2 brown bears and one lynx. It was shown that cestodes E. multilocularis was found in 46 foxes (23.8%), 3 raccoon dogs (18.7%), 3 wolves (50%) and one domestic dog (3.6%). Moreover, the peak tapeworm prevalence in carnivorous animals was noted for foxes and raccoon dogs in 2010β2011 (42.4%), 2011β 2012 (37.1%) and 2012β2013 (42.1%). On the other hand, no tapeworm invasion in carnivores was noted during 2009β2010 and 2013β2014 sports hunting seasons. However, a causative agent of alveococcosis is routinely detected in the Ryazan and Vladimir regions. The prevalence of invasion in animals differs in foxes, raccoon dogs, wolves ranging from 12 to 40,000, in raccoon dogs β from 37 to 112, in wolves β from 12 to 318 tapeworms per animal, and in domestic dog reaching 19 worms per animal. The data of 2007β2018 personal studies point at spread of alveococcosis foci in the Midland Russia
ΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ€ΠΠ£ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π Π Π―ΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π
Fauna of helminths of boars in Ryazan region is presented by 6 types of helminths: 2 types trematodes β Fasciola hepatica, Alaria spp. and 4 types of nematodes β Metastrongylus elongatus, M. pudendotectus, Ascaris suum, Globocephalus longemucronatus.ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° ΠΊΠ°Π±Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² Π ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° 6 Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ β Fasciola hepatica, Πlaria spp. ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ β Metastrongylus elongatus, M. pudendotectus, Ascaris suum, Globocephalus longemucronatus
On parasite fauna of the European beaver
The purpose of the research is identification of the current parasitological situation for Eurasian beavers inhabiting the Central Russia.Materials and methods. The work was carried out on hunting farms and in specially protected areas of the Central Russia. Potentially infective material was collected, recorded and preserved from animals during 2015β2021. The age of the animals was determined by their weight and physiological state of the rodentsβ teeth and internal organs, and the sex was determined by their genitals. The animals were examined according to the method of complete and partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin.Results and discussion. A total of 41 animals were examined. Three forms of parasitism on animals were identified in natural habitat, namely, the trematode Stichorchis subtriquetrus, the nematode Travassosius rufus, and the ectoparasite Platypsyllus castoris. The stichorchosis causative agent localized in the animalβs large intestine was diagnosed in 35 rodents (85.4%). The helminth infection was 96% in the Eurasian beaver and 68.7% in the Canadian beaver. The nematode infection in stomach was detected in 31 animals (75.6%). The infection by T. rufus was 88% in the Eurasian beaver, and 56.3% in the Canadian beaver. The infected animals were delivered from the Vladimir, Moscow, Ryazan, Tula and Yaroslavl Regions. The beaver beetle P. castoris was found in 6 animals (14.6%). The infection rate was 8% in the Eurasian beaver, and 25% in the Canadian beaver. Animals with wingless arthropods have been identified in the Moscow and Ryazan Regions
Effects of <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> and <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> extracts after single and multiple injections on mitosis and hematological and biochemical parameters of mice
The purpose of the research is to study effects of Trichinella spiralis and Echinococcus multilocularis extracts on mitosis in a bone marrow cell population, and on hematological and biochemical blood parameters of mice after single and multiple intraperitoneal injections.Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on outbred male mice. The T. spiralis and E. multilocularis extracts were administered intraperitoneally once or multiple times daily for 10 days at a dose of 80 ΞΌg/mouse. Bone marrow cell isolation, microscopic preparations, mitotic index and individual stage determination were made as described in the literature (Ford C. E., Hamerton J. L., 1956). The mouse main peripheral blood parameters were determined with a MicroCC-20 Plus hematological analyzer, and the leucogram was determined by a conventional method. Biochemical blood parameters of the mice were determined with a Clima MC-15 analyzer.Results and discussion. The T. spiralis and E. multilocularis extracts after a single intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 80 ΞΌg/ mouse had a pronounced negative effect on the mouse bone marrow cell mitosis with the cell division terminated in the metaphase and a decreased proportion of other mitosis stages. Characteristics were detected of the effects made by the T. spiralis and E. multilocularis extracts on the mouse bone marrow cell mitosis after multiple administration for 10 days. In the reinjection mode of the test extracts to the mice, hematological and biochemical parameters did not change
ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Uncinaria stenocephala Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ
The purpose of the research is to model the pathogen Uncinaria stenocephala in laboratory rodents.Materials and methods. The material for research was the nematode U. stenocephala. The source of the infection was a domestic dog from the Stupinsky district of the Moscow region. In fecal samples, from 90 to 360 helminth eggs were recorded in 1 g of feces. Helminth eggs were obtained by flotation using the Fulleborn and McMaster method. A suspension of larvae was taken into an insulin syringe to a volume of 1 ml and each dose was counted in a watch glass with a diameter of 8 cm. DBA mice and laboratory Beagle dogs were used in the experiments.Results and discussion. An oral challenge dose of 100 U. stenocephala (L3) larvae was fatal to laboratory mice. Over the 6th day of life, the animals decreased their body weight by 3 g. With a reduced oral dose, for 7β14 days the animals showed ruffled hair and, in isolated cases, dyspepsia. When the infective material was administered subcutaneously, no clinical signs of infection were observed in experimental rodents. After infecttion of Beagle dogs with U. stenocephala larvae, no clinical picture of nematode parasitism was observed. After 21 days, the first helminth eggs appeared in the feces of carnivorous animals. On the 28th day and beyond, the release of helminth eggs in dogs increased. From 360 to 2370 U. stenocephala eggs were found in 1 g of feces.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Uncinaria stenocephala Π½Π° Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠ·ΡΠ½Π°Ρ
.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Uncinaria stenocephala. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· Π‘ΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. Π 1 Π³ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ 90 Π΄ΠΎ 360 ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°. Π―ΠΉΡΠ° Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π€ΡΠ»Π»Π΅Π±ΠΎΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°. Π‘ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π°Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° 1 ΠΌΠ» ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ 8 ΡΠΌ. Π ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ DBA ΠΈ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ³Π»Ρ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π° Π² 100 Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ U. stenocephala (L3) ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ° 6 ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π½Π° 3 Π³. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 7β14 ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠ·ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ³Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ U. stenocephala ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ. Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· 21 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΉΡΠ° Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ° 28-Π΅ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ. Π 1 Π³ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ 360 Π΄ΠΎ 2370 ΡΠΊΠ·. ΡΠΈΡ U. stenocephala
Influence of intensity of infection on morphological characteristics of <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> larvae at experimental infection of white rats and their distribution in muscles
The purpose of the research is to study the morphological changes in the capsules of Trichinella spiralis larvae and their distribution in muscles.Materials and methods. In the experiment, 12 white rats were used, divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Rats of the first group were infected with T. spiralis larvae at a dose of 5 larvae per 1 g of body weight, the second β at a dose of 40 larvae per 1 g, rats of the 3rd group served as control and were not infected. The selective dispersal of larvae was studied by determining the intensity of infection in post-mortem studies of the main muscle groups of the animal and measuring the capsules of larvae in different muscle groups.Results and discussion. In the entire muscle mass, 45Β±10 T. spiralis larvae/animal were found in the 1st group, in the 2nd group the number of larvae was 2250Β±180, in the control group no T. spiralis larvae were found. It has been established that the distribution of T. spiralis larvae in the muscles of infected animals depends on the dose of infection: at low doses, the largest number was found in the gastrocnemius muscles and diaphragm, at high doses, the number of larvae in the muscles of the head sharply increases
Antimitotic effects of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> protoscolexes extract at administration to mice and their negative consequences for organism
The purpose of the research is studying of Cysticercus tenuicollis protoscolexes extract effects on cell division at different routes of administration to mice and evaluation of the associated negative effects.Materials and methods. C. tenuicollis were obtained from spontaneously infected sheep in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. C. tenuicollis protoscolexes were washed, crushed and homogenized. Protein extraction was performed with phosphate buffered saline pH 7.2β7.4. C. tenuicollis extract was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously to mice males at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg protein/animal. The control group of mice was intravenously injected with 0.1 ml of saline. At hours 3; 6; 24 and 48 post extract administration mice were euthanized. Bone marrow samples were taken from experimental and control mice for preparation of microscopic preparations to assess mitotic activity in a given cell population. The mitotic index was determined, all stages of mitosis were recorded. At the above time points blood samples were taken from mice to determine the main hematological parameters post intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of C. tenuicollis extract. The main hematological parameters of mice were determined using hematological analyzer MicroCC-20 Plus (High Technology, Inc. (USA)); leukocyte formula β by the generally accepted method. Samples of liver, kidneys, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and testes were taken from experimental and control animals for macroscopic and microscopic studies.Results and discussion. C. tenuicollis protoscolices extract leads to inhibition of cell division in the population bone marrow and testes cells in mice when administered intravenously and intraperitoneally at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg/animal manifested in accumulation of metaphases and decrease of other stages. At both routes of administration a decrease in leukocyte counts was noted. The observed microscopic changes in testes, spleen and lymph nodes either reflect the consequences of extract antimitotic effect or the immune response to the administration of C. tenuicollis extract
Π’ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
The purpose of the research is analyze the localization of Trichinella sp. in animals muscle and to evaluate the methods of intravital and post-mortem diagnosis of trichinellosis in domestic, wild and game animals.Materials and methods. In order to prevent trichinellosis in human population and animals, life-time and post-mortem diagnosis methods for trichinellosis are widely used. Life-time diagnosis of trichinellosis is based on detection of specific antibodies in blood serum of sick animals. Modern immunological assays allow detecting specific antibodies (immunoglobulins J and M) at 10β12 days after infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with fractionated antigen has the greatest real possibility of application for individual and mass seroepizootic studies of pigs and horses; ELISA is a highly sensitive and specific test. Veterinary and sanitary examination is conducted by methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and peptolysis (muscle tissue digested in artificial gastric juice). For the compression research method, in particular for pig carcasses, 2 samples of the diaphragmatic peduncles of 60 g each are taken. It is also possible to study samples from masticatory muscles, tongue, intercostal space or esophagus. Twelve sections are made from each sample (24 in total). A more sensitive and productive method is the digestion of muscle tissue using a set of diagnostic devices and instruments such as AVT. The method is based on peptolysis of crushed muscle tissue in technological reactors. Diagnosis of trichinellosis using such devices makes it possible to automate and mechanize all processes associated with the isolation of Trichinella larvae. The main application areas of the devices are meat processing factories, fur farms or veterinary and sanitary examination laboratories in the markets.Results and discussion. We presented data on the role of veterinary and sanitary examination for trichinellosis in susceptible animals as the core measure in the system of measures to prevent this infection. We analyzed indicators of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice. Factors of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice were analyzed. Information was given on localization of Trichinella larvae in various species of domestic and wild animals, optimal sampling sites and volumes of muscle tissue samples with the existing methods of examination for trichinellosis. To study fresh carcasses for trichinellosis at meat processing factories, the peptolysis method is recommended.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Trichinella sp. Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
, Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π° (ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ J ΠΈ M) ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ 10β12 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠ€Π ) Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ; ΠΠ€Π ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° (ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅). ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ 2 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠΎ 60 Π³ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡ, ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ· ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ 12 ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ² (Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ 24). ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΠΠ’. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π». ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² β ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°Ρ
.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°
ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Cysticercus tenuicollis ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
The purpose of the research is studying of Cysticercus tenuicollis protoscolexes extract effects on cell division at different routes of administration to mice and evaluation of the associated negative effects.Materials and methods. C. tenuicollis were obtained from spontaneously infected sheep in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. C. tenuicollis protoscolexes were washed, crushed and homogenized. Protein extraction was performed with phosphate buffered saline pH 7.2β7.4. C. tenuicollis extract was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously to mice males at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg protein/animal. The control group of mice was intravenously injected with 0.1 ml of saline. At hours 3; 6; 24 and 48 post extract administration mice were euthanized. Bone marrow samples were taken from experimental and control mice for preparation of microscopic preparations to assess mitotic activity in a given cell population. The mitotic index was determined, all stages of mitosis were recorded. At the above time points blood samples were taken from mice to determine the main hematological parameters post intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of C. tenuicollis extract. The main hematological parameters of mice were determined using hematological analyzer MicroCC-20 Plus (High Technology, Inc. (USA)); leukocyte formula β by the generally accepted method. Samples of liver, kidneys, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and testes were taken from experimental and control animals for macroscopic and microscopic studies.Results and discussion. C. tenuicollis protoscolices extract leads to inhibition of cell division in the population bone marrow and testes cells in mice when administered intravenously and intraperitoneally at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg/animal manifested in accumulation of metaphases and decrease of other stages. At both routes of administration a decrease in leukocyte counts was noted. The observed microscopic changes in testes, spleen and lymph nodes either reflect the consequences of extract antimitotic effect or the immune response to the administration of C. tenuicollis extract.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Cysticercus tenuicollis Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. C. tenuicollis ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² C. tenuicollis ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌ Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ pH 7,2β7,4, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ 15000 ΠΎΠ±/ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ³Π΅. ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ C. tenuicollis Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ 18β22 Π³ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 80 ΠΌΠΊΠ³ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°/ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ 0,1 ΠΌΠ» ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 3; 6; 24 ΠΈ 48 Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. Π£ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° C. tenuicollis. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅, Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Ρ β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π£ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² C. tenuicollis ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π» ΠΊ ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 80 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π· ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΡΡΡ
Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»Π°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° C. tenuicollis
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