European motor insurance demand: a spatial approach of its effects and key determinants

The expansion of the European Union has intensified road traffic from, at least, two perspectives: it increased free mobility of people and goods, along with structural funds available for infrastructure improvement. Consequently, connections between regions/countries have improved, and a spatial diffusion effect is seen in the car transportation behaviour. We study the effect of Human Development Index (HDI) along with other important socio-economic, demographic and institutional factors on the motor insurance market in 31 European countries. Simultaneously, we evaluate if the crucial spatial diffusion effect is present on the European motor insurance market. Findings reveal that HDI, urbanization and car fleet positively impact the motor insurance market, while unemployment and population density exhibit an opposite effect. Overall, results are robust to a set of additional control factors, but sensitive relative to institutional factors and emerging and former communist countries group. Estimations confirm the assumption of spatial diffusion, while the assessment of the direct and indirect effects shows that most of the factors internally impact the dependent variable, and an international effect is at work for the HDI. Our findings may enhance the understanding of the European motor insurance market and provide some valuable insights from a policy perspectiv

Study of the Influence of Lead Microelement on the Process of Water Accumulation in (Phaseolus vulgaris) Plants

In this study our goal was to analysis the influence of different concentrations of lead on the process of water accumulation in the roots and stems of bean seedlings. In the experiments, the Borlotti variety are used. The seeds (100) were soaked in the corresponding lead acetate solutions: V1 – distilled water; V2 - 0.001%; V3 – 0.005%; V4 – 0.01% and V5 – 0.1%. and were put in germinators. The roots and stems of 10 seedlings of each experimental variant were used for determining the quantity of humid and dried substance. The control had high quantity of humid substance, which proves that the water contained in the vegetal material was important for the growth of these organs. The most significant decrease was recorded at concentrations above 0.1%, being highly inhibited

Study of the Influence of External Factors on the Germination of Bean Seeds

The aim of our study was to follow the influence of the substrate, (single respectively double filter paper), the environment conditions (light, darkness), of the seed’s measure and age, on the beans germination. These aspects were followed because the specialty literature correlates the loss of the germinative capacity with different external and internal factors. Three local varieties: P1 (Albenghino), P2 (Cannellini), P3 (Black Turtle), grown in Maramures County, with undetermined growth and different permeability of the seminal skin, were chosen for the experiment. One hundred seeds of every sort were placed in three replications. The energy and germinative faculty were determined, calculating the average values obtained at the replications. We noted that the P2 variety had the highest germinative faculty of 83.33% on double layer under light conditions, and the germination of 100% under darkness. The P1 variety is on the second place. The germinative faculty of the P3 variety is of only 70% on a single substrate and 80% on double layer. The germinative energy and faculty of the seeds provided from 2013 are diminished comparatively with those from 2014. The local population P3 proved to be more influenced by age, with a germinative energy of 30% in 2013 and 60% in 2014. The positive influence of the darkness conditions, both for the seeds provided from 2013 and 2014, was noted