Effects of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedure: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can affect children and adults and is characterized by deficits in attention, self-regulation, and executive functioning. Symptoms can seriously affect daily functioning and may present as hyperactivity, inattentive behaviors, or a combination of both. There are data to suggest patients with ADHD suffer from increased rates of cardiovascular disease, however not much is known specifically regarding the relationship between ADHD and undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. We sought to examine this relationship in greater detail by perusing the national inpatient sample database to describe in-hospital trends and outcomes among these patients. Methods: Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database for the years 2019 and 2020. The NIS was searched for hospitalizations of adult patients who underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Out of this Cohort, ADHD patients were identified. Multivariate logistic was used to adjust for confounders. Results: This study included 181,944 patients who underwent PCI procedure, of which 518 (0.3%) patients were diagnosed with ADHD. ADHD patients who underwent a PCI procedure had higher prevalence of hypertension (40.1%% Vs 35.7%% p Conclusion: In this nationally representative population‐based retrospective cohort study, ADHD was associated with worse outcomes including developing arrhythmia, acute kidney injury and congestive heart failure exacerbation among patients who underwent PCI. We did not find any statistical difference between the two groups when it came to mortality, length of stay and total hospital charges. This is most likely due to the small sample size of patients with ADHD undergoing PCI. More research is needed in this area

Effects of NSTEMI on Patients with Eating Disorders: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample

Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) such as bulimia and anorexia nervosa have detrimental implications on the health and wellbeing of children and young adults across the country. Cardiovascular implications are known to accompany these conditions, however there is a paucity of data looking specifically on the effects of NSTEMI on patients with these disorders. We sought to analyze this relationship further by examining these disorders within the national inpatient sample database to describe in-hospital trends and outcomes among those patients. Methods: Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database for the years 2019 and 2020. The NIS was searched for hospitalizations of adult patients with eating disorder(s) with and without a concomitant diagnosis of NSTEMI using international classification of diseases-10th revision codes. Multivariate logistic was used to adjust for confounders. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS), and total hospital charges (TOTHCG). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results: This study included 16,889 patients who were diagnosed with eating disorders, of which only 56 (0.3%) patients were diagnosed with NSTEMI. ED patients with NSTEMI had higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease but not statistically different compared to patients with ED only. Multivariate regression showed that patients with both ED and NSTEMI had higher inpatient mortality compared to those with ED alone (OR 1.013, CI 1.011-1.015, p Conclusion: In this nationally representative population‐based retrospective cohort study, we concluded that ED patients hospitalized with NSTEMI have increased in-hospital mortality and worse outcomes. More research is needed in this area