DPYD genotyping and 5-fluoropyrimidine toxicity: An overview of systematic reviews protocol

Introduction: The increased risk of severe and life -threatening toxicity in patients with dihydropyridine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency, under treatment with fluoropyrimidines, has been widely studied. An up-to-date overview of systematic reviews summarizing existing literature can add value by highlighting most relevant information and supports decision -making regarding treatment in DPD deficient patients. The main objective of this overview of systematic reviews is to identify published systematic reviews on the association between germline variations in the DPYD gene and fluoropyrimidine toxicity. Methods and analysis: This protocol was developed following the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Review and Meta -analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist, and the overview of systematic reviews will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library will be searched from inception to 2023. Systematic reviews irrespective of study designs that analyze the association between germline variations in the DPYD and fluoropyrimidine toxicity will be considered. Methodological quality will be assessed using AMSTAR2 checklist (Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2). Two independent investigators will perform the study selection, quality assessment, and data collection. Discrepancies will be solved by a third investigator. Registration details: Registration number in PROSPERO: CRD42023401226. (c) 2023 Sociedad Espa & ntilde;ola de Farmacia Hospitalaria (S.E.F.H). Published by Elsevier Espa & ntilde;a, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY -NC -ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays a Relevant Role in Pathophysiology of Peritoneal Membrane Damage Induced by Peritoneal Dialysis

[Abstract] Preservation of the peritoneal membrane is an essential determinant of the long-term outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PD-related peritoneal membrane injury. We hypothesized that mitochondria may be implicated in the mechanisms that initiate and sustain peritoneal membrane damage in this setting. Hence, we carried out ex vivo studies of effluent-derived human mesothelial cells, which disclosed a significant increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in mesothelial cells with a fibroblast phenotype, compared to those preserving an epithelial morphology. In addition, in vitro studies of omentum-derived mesothelial cells identified mtROS as mediators of the EMT process as mitoTEMPO, a selective mtROS scavenger, reduced fibronectin protein expression induced by TGF-ß1. Moreover, we quantified mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in the supernatant of effluent PD solutions, disclosing a direct correlation with small solute transport characteristics (as estimated from the ratio dialysate/plasma of creatinine at 240 min), and an inverse correlation with peritoneal ultrafiltration. These results suggest that mitochondria are involved in the EMT that human peritoneal mesothelial cells suffer in the course of PD therapy. The level of mtDNA in the effluent dialysate of PD patients could perform as a biomarker of PD-induced damage to the peritoneal membrane.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI15/02218Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI18/01803Instituto de Salud Carlos III; AGRUP2015/05Instituto de Salud Carlos III; AGRUP2018/0

Involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the inflammatory response in human mesothelial cells from peritoneal dialysis effluent

[Abstract] Recent studies have related mitochondrial impairment with peritoneal membrane damage during peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy. Here, we assessed the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the inflammatory response in human mesothelial cells, a hallmark in the pathogenesis of PD-related peritoneal membrane damage. Our ex vivo studies showed that IL-1β causes a drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential in cells from peritoneal effluent. Moreover, when mitochondrial damage was induced by inhibitors of mitochondrial function, a low-grade inflammatory response was generated. Interestingly, mitochondrial damage sensitized mesothelial cells, causing a significant increase in the inflammatory response induced by cytokines, in which ROS generation and NF-κB activation appear to be involved, since inflammation was counteracted by both mitoTEMPO (mitochondrial ROS scavenger) and BAY-117085 (NF-κB inhibitor). Furthermore, the natural anti-inflammatory antioxidant resveratrol significantly attenuated the inflammatory response, by reversing the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential and decreasing the expression of IL-8, COX-2 and PGE2 caused by IL-1β. These findings suggest that IL-1β regulates mitochondrial function in mesothelial cells and that mitochondrial dysfunction could induce an inflammatory scenario that sensitizes these cells, causing significant amplification of the inflammatory response induced by cytokines. Resveratrol may represent a promising strategy in controlling the mesothelial inflammatory response to PD.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI15/02218Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI18/0180

Optimization of Modified Atmosphere Packaging for Sheep’s Milk Semi-Hard Cheese Wedges during Refrigerated Storage: Physicochemical and Sensory Properties

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) has become a good potential strategy to retain quality throughout the shelf life of perishable foods. The aim of this work was to evaluate different packaging atmospheres on semi-hard protected designation of origin Idiazabal cheese wedges. Six different packaging treatments (air, vacuum, and CO2/N2 gas mixtures in the ratio of 20/80, 50/50, 80/20, and 100/0% v/v, respectively) were studied. Changes in gas headspace composition, cheese gross composition, weight loss, pH, acidity, colour, and textural and sensory properties were investigated during 56 days of refrigerated storage at 5 ± 1 °C. MAP was the most effective preserving technique compared to air- and vacuum-packaging treatments. The cheese characteristics with the greatest discriminating weight in the preservation techniques were paste appearance, holes, flavour, a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) colour parameters, and slope to hardness. Air-packaged cheeses, on 35 day, presented a mouldy flavour. Vacuum packaging affected paste appearance (greasy, plastic marks, and non-homogeneous colour) and holes (occluded and unnatural appearance) starting after 14 packaging days. MAP mixtures with CO2 concentration between 50/50 and 80/20% CO2/N2 (v/v) are recommended to ensure sensory quality and stability in the distribution of these raw sheep-milk cheese wedges.The Basque Government (Consolidated Research Group IT944-16 and IT1568-22) provided financial support. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

Promoción de una parentalidad positiva en familias con adolescentes que padecen problemas de salud mental

En este trabajo se presenta el diseño de un proyecto de investigación que cuenta con una doble finalidad. Por un lado, contribuir al conocimiento sobre las competencias y las necesidades de apoyo que presentan las familias con hijos adolescentes que padecen problemas de salud mental, tanto atendiendo al análisis de la literatura científica existente, como analizando las necesidades y las competencias que presentan este tipo de familias en nuestro contexto socio-cultural. Por otro lado, obtener la información necesaria para diseñar un programa de intervención destinado a apoyar y promover la parentalidad positiva en estas familias. De la información presentada se concluye que este proyecto se sitúa en consonancia con las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales que instan al cambio desde modelos de la evaluación e intervención familiar centrados en el déficit hacia enfoques más positivos y capacitadores. Igualmente, se concluye que este proyecto puede representar un nuevo marco de intervención para la mejora de la calidad de vida de este colectivo que surge como fruto de un trabajo conjunto y coordinado que, mediante un enfoque multi-método y multi-informante, integra las aportaciones de los expertos, el conocimiento de los profesionales de salud mental y las vivencias y percepciones de los propios adolescentes y sus familias.This paper presents the design of a project with a twofold aim. Firstly, to contribute to the knowledge about the competences and support needs experienced by families of adolescents with mental health problems, both reviewing the available literature and studying the specific competences and needs experienced by these families in our context. Secondly, to obtain information to design an intervention programme to support and promote positive parenthood in these families. From the information presented can be drawn that this project is in accordance with the national and international recommendations that urge a change from deficit models to a strength-based perspective of family assessment and intervention. Likewise, the presented project provides a new intervention framework to improve the quality of life of these families. It resulted from a coordinated effort that, using a multi-method and multi-informant approach, integrates the contributions of experts, the knowledge and views of mental health professionals and the experiences and perceptions of adolescents affected by mental health problems and their families

Promoción de una parentalidad positiva en familias con adolescentes que padecen problemas de salud mental

En este trabajo se presenta el diseño de un proyecto de investigación que cuenta con una doble finalidad. Por un lado, contribuir al conocimiento sobre las competencias y las necesidades de apoyo que presentan las familias con hijos adolescentes que padecen problemas de salud mental, tanto atendiendo al análisis de la literatura científica existente, como analizando las necesidades y las competencias que presentan este tipo de familias en nuestro contexto socio-cultural. Por otro lado, obtener la información necesaria para diseñar un programa de intervención destinado a apoyar y promover la parentalidad positiva en estas familias. De la información presentada se concluye que este proyecto se sitúa en consonancia con las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales que instan al cambio desde modelos de la evaluación e intervención familiar centrados en el déficit hacia enfoques más positivos y capacitadores. Igualmente, se concluye que este proyecto puede representar un nuevo marco de intervención para la mejora de la calidad de vida de este colectivo que surge como fruto de un trabajo conjunto y coordinado que, mediante un enfoque multi-método y multi-informante, integra las aportaciones de los expertos, el conocimiento de los profesionales de salud mental y las vivencias y percepciones de los propios adolescentes y sus familias.This paper presents the design of a project with a twofold aim. Firstly, to contribute to the knowledge about the competences and support needs experienced by families of adolescents with mental health problems, both reviewing the available literature and studying the specific competences and needs experienced by these families in our context. Secondly, to obtain information to design an intervention programme to support and promote positive parenthood in these families. From the information presented can be drawn that this project is in accordance with the national and international recommendations that urge a change from deficit models to a strength-based perspective of family assessment and intervention. Likewise, the presented project provides a new intervention framework to improve the quality of life of these families. It resulted from a coordinated effort that, using a multi-method and multi-informant approach, integrates the contributions of experts, the knowledge and views of mental health professionals and the experiences and perceptions of adolescents affected by mental health problems and their families

Myxofibrosarcoma of the maxillary sinus: a case report

[ES] El mixofibrosarcoma, también denominado variante mixoide del histiocitoma fibroso maligno, se localiza predominantemente en extremidades y retroperitoneo de varones de edad adulta. Su incidencia en el área ORL es muy baja, por lo que su diagnóstico es a menudo complicado. Presenta alto índice de recidivas, aunque menor de metástasis a distancia. El único tratamiento efectivo es la resección quirúrgica completa, con escasa respuesta a quimio y radioterapia, Presentamos el caso de un mixofibrosarcoma de alto grado de seno maxilar y fosa nasal izquierdos, tratado con cirugía y quimioradioterapia con mala evolución clínica. [EN] Myxofibrosarcoma, also known as myxoid variant of malignant fibrosis histiocytoma, is often located in the extremities and retroperitoneum of adult males. Its incidence in the ENT area is very low, therefore its diagnosis is often complicated. It has a high rate of local recurrence, although it has low rate of distant metastases. The only effective treatment is complete surgical resection, with little response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We present the case of a high-grade myxofibrosarcoma of the left maxillary sinus and nasal cavity, wich we treated with surgery and chemoradiation, but with bad clinical evolution

Ingeniería Geológica en Terrenos Volcánicos. Métodos, Técnicas y Experiencias en las Islas Canarias

La presente obra es un compendio de conceptos, metodologías y técnicas útiles para acometer proyectos y obras en terrenos volcánicos desde el punto de vista de la ingeniería geológica y la geotecnia. El libro se presenta en tres partes diferenciadas. La primera es conceptual y metodológica, con capítulos que tratan sobre la clasificación de las rocas volcánicas con fines geotécnicos, la caracterización geomecánica, los problemas geotécnicos y constructivos asociados a los distintos materiales, y una guía metodológica para la redacción de informes geotécnicos para la edificación. La segunda parte aborda las aplicaciones a obras de ingeniería, incluyendo deslizamientos, obras subterráneas,infraestructuras marítimas y obras públicas. La tercera parte recoge capítulos dedicados a describir distintos casos prácticos de obras y proyectos en los que la problemática geotécnica en terrenos volcánicos ha tenido un papel relevante. Los capítulos han sido elaborados por técnicos y científicos de reconocido prestigio en el campo de la ingeniería geológica en terrenos volcánicos, que han plasmado en ellos sus conocimientos y experiencias en la materia.Los editores y autores de parte de los capítulos del libro, los Doctores Luis E. Hernández Gutiérrez (Geólogo) y Juan Carlos Santamarta Cerezal (Ingeniero de Montes, Civil y Minas), son los responsables del grupo de investigación INGENIA (Ingeniería Geológica, Innovación y Aguas). Su actividad investigadora comprende más de 200 publicaciones en el área de la ingeniería geológica, la geotecnia, medio ambiente y el aprovechamiento del agua en islas y terrenos volcánicos. En relación a la docencia han impartido y dirigido más de 90 seminarios y cursos de especialización a nivel nacional e internacional, incluyendo la organización de 4 congresos internacionales. Fueron premiados por la Universidad de La Laguna en los años 2012, 2013 y 2014 por su calidad docente e innovación universitaria, y son pioneros en los laboratorios virtuales para la enseñanza de la ingeniería. Participan activamente como profesores colaboradores e investigadores en varias universidades e instituciones españolas e internacionales. Todas sus publicaciones están disponibles en internet, con libre acceso. Ingeniería geológica en terrenos volcánicos, es una obra de gran interés para, consultores, técnicos de administraciones públicas, proyectistas y demás profesionales implicados en obras y proyectos de infraestructuras en terrenos volcánicos; también es útil para académicos y estudiantes de ingeniería o ciencias geológicas que quieran investigar o iniciarse en las singularidades que presentan los materiales volcánicos en la edificación o en la ingeniería civil y minera

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2: A test-negative design study based on Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) sentinel surveillance in Spain

Background: With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza surveillance systems in Spain were transformed into a new syndromic sentinel surveillance system. The Acute Respiratory Infection Surveillance System (SiVIRA in Spanish) is based on a sentinel network for acute respiratory infection (ARI) surveillance in primary care and a network of sentinel hospitals for severe ARI (SARI) surveillance in hospitals. Methods: Using a test-negative design and data from SARI admissions notified to SiVIRA between January 1 and October 3, 2021, we estimated COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against hospitalization, by age group, vaccine type, time since vaccination, and SARS-CoV-2 variant. Results: VE was 89% (95% CI: 83-93) against COVID-19 hospitalization overall in persons aged 20 years and older. VE was higher for mRNA vaccines, and lower for those aged 80 years and older, with a decrease in protection beyond 3 months of completing vaccination, and a further decrease after 5 months. We found no differences between periods with circulation of Alpha or Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants, although variant-specific VE was slightly higher against Alpha. Conclusions: The SiVIRA sentinel hospital surveillance network in Spain was able to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARI hospitalizations and provide estimates of COVID-19 VE in the population under surveillance. Our estimates add to evidence of high effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against severe COVID-19 and waning of protection with time since vaccination in those aged 80 or older. No substantial differences were observed between SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha vs. Delta).The data of the study was originally collectedas part of the following projects run by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control:“Establishing Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) surveillance and performing hospital-based COVID-19 transmission studies”, “Developing an infrastructure and performing vaccine effectiveness studies for COVID-19 vaccines in the EU/EEA”, and the “Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies(VEBIS) of COVID-19 and Influenza".S