Avaliação da exposição da vinha duriense ao ozono troposférico

Mestrado em Engenharia do AmbienteO ozono (O3) troposférico é um gás que pode danificar severamente a vegetação. Muitos estudos têm sido realizados em vários tipos de culturas, identificando o efeito do O3 na perda de produtividade, na perda de campos agrícolas e na redução da qualidade de produtos vegetais e frutícolas. Tendo em consideração que a produção de vinho em Portugal é uma atividade económica relevante, contribuindo para a identidade cultural do país, e que as vinhas são consideradas de sensibilidade intermédia ao ozono, esta tese tem como objetivo principal avaliar o risco de exposição da vinha duriense ao ozono, estimando a sua concentração e deposição na Região Demarcada do Douro (RDD). Selecionou-se o ano de 2004 e aplicou-se o modelo de transporte químico CHIMERE para estimar os campos tridimensionais de ozono e a sua deposição seca na RDD. Após a validação dos seus resultados, calculou-se o indicador de exposição AOT40 (concentração acumulada de ozono acima de 40 ppb) e os níveis de deposição seca acumulada entre maio e julho. Por fim, aplicou-se uma função exposição-resposta para estabelecer o risco de exposição das vinhas ao ozono. O valor-alvo para a proteção da vegetação, estabelecido na Diretiva Quadro da Qualidade do Ar, foi excedido na maior parte da região do Douro, sobretudo na região Sul do Baixo Corgo e Cima Corgo. Os níveis mais elevados de deposição são observados na sub-região Douro superior. Os resultados da aplicação das funções exposição-resposta sugerem que a diminuição da produção pode atingir 29% e a qualidade do vinho pode diminuir em 34%. Conclui-se que os níveis de ozono troposférico na região podem comprometer a qualidade e produtividade do vinho, sugerindo-se medidas para mitigar os efeitos do ozono.Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a gas that can strongly damage vegetation. Many studies have been carried out, on numerous crop varieties, and have identified the effects of O3 on productivity loss, crop loss and quality reduction in vegetables and fruits. Taking into account that wine production in Portugal is an important economic activity, with great significance to the cultural identity of the country, and vines have intermediate sensitivity to ozone, the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of ozone exposure in Douro vineyards, by assessing its concentration and deposition over the Douro region. To achieve this, the year 2004 was selected and an improved version of the chemical transport model CHIMERE was used to estimate the three-dimensional field of ozone and its dry deposition over the Douro region. After the validation of the model results, the exposure indicator AOT40 (accumulated concentration of ozone above 40 ppb) was calculated, as well as the accumulated dry deposition levels between May and July. Finally, an exposure-response function was applied to establish the vine risk to ozone exposure. The target value for the protection of vegetation, in the Air Quality Framework Directive, was exceeded on the majority of the Douro region area, especially over the Baixo Corgo and Cima Corgo regions. The results of the exposure-response functions suggest that the productivity loss can reach 29% and that the quality of the wine could be reduced by 34%. In conclusion, tropospheric ozone levels in the region can compromise the quality and productivity of wine and suggestions were made to mitigate the effects of ozone

What is the best etching timing in a resin infiltrant used on enamel surface after remineralization with CPP-ACP?

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ozone effects on Douro vineyards under climate change

Tropospheric ozone (O3) levels in southern Europe have an increasing tendency, in close relation with the higher incidence of hot summers and heatwaves. Given that O3 is one of the most damaging pollutants for vegetation, known to affect productivity and quality of crops, it is necessary to develop more rigorous and consistent methods of risk assessment that consider climate change conditions. Studying the O3 deposition over the Douro Demarcated Region (DDR), which is one of the most productive wine areas in Portugal, and assessing its potential effects under a climate change scenario, was the purpose of this study. To that end, the chemical transport model CHIMERE, with a spatial resolution of 1 km2, fed by meteorological data from the WRF model, was applied for a recent past climate (2003 to 2005) and future mid-term (2049 and 2064) and long-term (2096 and 2097) scenarios. Simulations for future climate were performed considering: (i) only the climate change effect, and (ii) the effect of climate change together with future air pollutant emissions. The assessment of the potential damage in terms of wine productivity and quality (sugar content) was performed through analysis of O3 deposition and the application of concentration–response functions, based on AOT40 values. Modeling results show that a reduction in emission of O3 precursors can successfully decrease AOT40 levels in the DDR, but it is not enough to accomplish the European Commission target value for the protection of vegetation. If the emissions remain constant, the exposure–response functions indicate that, in the long-term, AOT40 levels could worsen wine productivity and quality.The authors wish to thank the financial support of FEDER through the COMPETE Program and the national funds from FCT—Science and Technology Portuguese Foundation for financing the DOUROZONE project (PTDC/AAG-MAA/3335/2014; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016778). Thanks is also due for the financial support to the PhD grant of A. Ascenso (SFRH/BD/136875/2018). Thanks is due to FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020), through national fundsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of patients admitted to cardiac rehabilitation program

Poster presented at the 3rd International Congress of CiiEM - Research and Innovation in Human and Health Sciences. June 20-22, 2018, Campus Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, PortugalN/

Propriedades métricas do Oxford Knee Score em pessoas com osteoartrite após artroplastia do joelho: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura

Objective: To evaluate the metric properties of the Oxford Knee Score applied in people with osteoarthritis after knee arthroplasty. Method: Systematic review of the literature. The EBSCOhost platform was used to access the MEDLINE and LILACS database and the SCiELO platform. The descriptors were validated on the DeCS and MESH platforms, except for "Oxford Knee Score" and "responsiveness". We selected articles published in the last five years, available in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Results: There were eight articles that revealed that OKS is a valid, reliable and reproducible instrument. Responsiveness was the least studied metric property. Conclusion: The Oxford Knee Scale is adequate to evaluate the functionality and the impact of pain in people with Osteoarthritis after knee arthroplasty.Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades métricas de la Oxford Knee Score aplicada en personas con osteoartritis después de la artroplastia de la rodilla. Método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se recurrió a la plataforma EBSCOhost que permitió acceder a la base de datos MEDLINE y LILACS y plataforma SCiELO. Los descriptores fueron validados en las plataformas DeCS y MESH, con excepción de "Oxford Knee Score" y "responsividad". Se seleccionaron los artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años, disponibles en Portugués, Inglés y Español. Resultados: Se han obtenido ocho artículos que revelaron que Oxford Knee Score es un instrumento válido, fiable y reproductivo. La responsividad fue la propiedad métrica menos estudiada. Conclusión: El Oxford Knee Score es adecuado para evaluar la funcionalidad y el impacto del dolor en personas con Osteoartritis después de la artroplastia de la rodilla.Objetivo: Avaliar as propriedades métricas da Oxford Knee Score aplicada em pessoas com osteoartrite após artroplastia do joelho. Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura. Recorreu-se à plataforma EBSCOhost que permitiu aceder à base de dados MEDLINE e LILACS e plataforma SCiELO. Os descritores foram validados nas plataformas DeCS e MESH, à exceção de “Oxford Knee Score” e “responsividade”. Foram selecionados artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, disponíveis em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Obtiveram-se oito artigos que revelaram que o Oxford Knee Score é um instrumento válido, fiável e reprodutivo. A responsividade foi a propriedade métrica menos estuda. Conclusão: O Oxford Knee Score é adequado para avaliar a funcionalidade e o impato da dor em pessoas com Osteoartrite após atroplastia do joelho

Тhe economic value of volunteering

Voluntary work is a non-remunerated activity, which is usually performed to satisfy a moral need of the individual as well as to contribute to the collective goal of the society. It usually leads to the creation of goods or services that would in a normal situation require the use of workforce that needs to be paid, meaning it would mean an expense. The goods and services produced through the voluntary work are usually not part of the official measures of production, but volunteers make significant contributions to the economy and society

Numerical and physical assessment of control measures to mitigate fugitive dust emissions from harbor activities

In recent years, the industrial demand for petcoke—a solid residue derived from the refinement of crude oil—has been growing due to its low cost. The use of petcoke is causing environmental concern associated with its high level of contaminants and air pollutant emissions, mainly particulate matter (PM). Given the impact of petcoke on the environment and human health, increased attention has been given to its production, storage, transportation, and application processes. The main goal of this work was to assess the effectiveness of placing a barrier to reduce PM emissions from petcoke in a harbor area. The Port of Aveiro, Portugal, was used as case study. Firstly, wind tunnel experiments were performed for different types of barrier to (i) assess the effect on PM emissions of different types of barriers, namely solid, porous, and raised porous barriers; (ii) determine the optimal size and location of the barrier to achieve maximum reduction of PM emissions; and (iii) estimate the impact of placing such barrier in the attenuation of petcoke emissions over the harbor area. Secondly, the numerical model VADIS (pollutant DISpersion in the atmosphere under VAriable wind conditions) was run to evaluate the effect of implementing the barrier on the local air quality. Results showed that the best solution would be the implementation of two solid barriers: a main barrier of 109 m length plus a second barrier of 30 m length. This measure produced the best results in terms of reduction of the dispersion of particulate matter from the petcoke stockpile and minimization of the PM concentrations in the harbor surrounding area.publishe

Assessing Douro Vineyards Exposure to Tropospheric Ozone

Tropospheric ozone (O3) can strongly damage vegetation. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.), in particular, have intermediate sensitivity to ozone. Wine production is an important economic activity, as well as a pillar to the cultural identity of several countries in the world. This study aims to evaluate the risk of Douro vineyards exposure to ozone, by estimating its concentration and deposition in the Demarcated Region of Douro in Portugal. Based on an assessment of the climatology of the area, the years 2003 to 2005 were selected among the hottest years of the recent past, and the chemical transport model CHIMERE was used to estimate the three-dimensional field of ozone and its dry deposition over the Douro region with 1 km2 of horizontal resolution. Model results were validated by comparison with measured data from the European air quality database (AirBase). The exposure indicator AOT40 (accumulated concentration of ozone above 40 ppb) was calculated and an exposure–response function was applied to determine the grapevine risk to ozone exposure. The target value for the protection of vegetation established by the Air Quality Framework Directive was exceeded on most of the Douro region, especially over the Baixo Corgo and Cima Corgo sub-regions. The results of the exposure–response functions suggest that the productivity loss can reach 27% and that the sugar content of the grapes could be reduced by 32%, but these values are affected by the inherent uncertainty of the used methodology

Formulation studies on a topical gel of tretinoin-dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin complex

The aim of this work was to develop and characterize a 0.05% tretinoin hydrogel formulations in which tretinoin is free or complexed with dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin in order to compare the main advantages of its complexation. Theoretically, the complexat

The Brain–Skin Connection and the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis: A Review with a Focus on the Serotonergic System

Psoriasis is a common non-communicable chronic immune-mediated skin disease, affecting approximately 125 million people in the world. Its pathogenesis results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The pathogenesis of psoriasis seems to be driven by the interaction between innate immune cells, adaptive immune cells and keratinocytes, in a process mediated by cytokines (including interleukins (IL)-6, IL-17 and IL-22, interferon and tumor necrosis factor) and other signaling molecules. This leads to an inflammatory process with increased proliferation of epidermal cells, neo-angiogenesis and infiltration of dendritic cells in the skin. Dysfunctional de novo glucocorticoid synthesis in psoriatic keratinocytes and the skin microbiome have also been suggested as mediators in the pathogenesis of this disease. To understand psoriasis, it is essential to comprehend the processes underlying the skin immunity and neuroendocrinology. This review paper focuses on the skin as a neuroendocrine organ and summarizes what is known about the skin immune system, the brain–skin connection and the role played by the serotonergic system in skin. Subsequently, the alterations of neuroimmune processes and of the serotonergic system in psoriatic skin are discussed, as well as, briefly, the genetic basis of psoriasis