Conceptual Content Analysis: Policy Documentation for the Quality of Higher Education in Pakistan

We are living in the age of quality competition, in marketing term, everything in the time is only alive until sustains its quality.  If something elapsing its quality is meant to ending its existence from the world gradually. The leading aim of the existing paper was to analyses the content related to quality and quality assurance process of higher education in Pakistan. The paradigm of the research was interpretive paradigm and content analysis with its conceptual design was used to conduct the study. Through purposive sampling, three documents were used as a sample of the study. This investigation was conducted under a developmental approach and various policy document along with the concerned bodies ‘were used to support the theme of this paper. Multiple sources were used for data analysis, membership categorization analysis for interviews data and keywords in context analysis for document analysis. It was concluded that quality means meeting the predetermined standards and six themes were noted during qualitative analysis

Rearing of Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) on Ficus benjamina and its Parasitization with Trichogramma chilonis

Ficus benjamina commonly known as weeping fig is an ornamental that planted alongside the road to increase the aesthetic value. Leaf eating caterpillar, Trilocha varians was observed on Ficus benjamina and many other ornamental plants in the surrounding area of Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University. Large larval population was recorded on fig plants with 100 % defoliation. The rearing of Trilocha varians on F. benjamina was carried out under controlled conditions and parasitism of Trichogramma chilonis on eggs were checked. Incubation period was 5-6 days while single female laid 150-210 eggs in her whole life period. With five larval instars, duration period of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th was 2.0 days, 3-5 days, 2-4 days, 3-6 days and 3-7 days, respectively. Pupa was obtect in nature. Mated and unmated female were long lived as compared to male, 7.50 and 9.25 % egg parasitization was recorded at 16 and 24 hours of exposure, respectively. The coefficient variations were 89.50, 55.92, 42.21 and 29.59 at 12, 16, 20 and 24 h. To determine the larval damage, five different host plants belonging to moraceae family were used. The moderate damage of larvae was observed on Ficus religiosa. The severe feeding damage was observed on F. benjamina and F. virens, while M. alba and F. elastica were found not favorable hosts of T. varians. The study concluded that Trichogramma chilonis was recorded the most suitable parasitoid of T. varians and further need to record the natural enemies of the pest in the country

Evaluation of Lumber Spine Stenosis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlating with Its Clinical Manifestation

Lumber spine stenosis (LSS) is one of the major reasons of spinal surgery all over the globe. Despite using standard Diagnostic tools for LSS, the clinical and imaging findings often do not correlate. Over past years, the central spinal canal stenosis is assumed to be the diagnoses of lower back pain, while other anatomical stenosis (i.e lateral recess stenosis) not gaining as much attention. This fact assumed to be the reason for failed back surgery. In this context numerous studies in past have done. The aim of this study is to verify the clinical manifestation of LSS correlation to its Diagnostic find. To evaluate the lumbar spine stenosis on magnetic resonance imaging & correlating with its clinical manifestations. The duration of study was three months. Study was done at Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan. A cross-sectional analytical study included 120 patients. According our study the patients comes with lumber spine stenosis at different levels. At L4L5 presents 39 (32.5%) patients, 47(39.2%) patients reveal at the level of L5S1, 14 (11.7%) patients at L2L3, and only 3 (2.5%) patients appear at the level of L1L2, 19 (15.8%) patients show stenosis at L3L4 Then we correlate the pain intensity with all lumber spine levels and the results are 35 (29.2%) patients are absent and 85 (70.8%) presents at the level of L4L5. On the level of L5S1 pain intensity is absent in 81 (67.5%) patients, & present in 39 (32.5) patients. On the level of L2L3 106 (83.5%) absent and 14 (11.7%) patients are present pain intensity.  On the level of L1L2 117 (97.5%) absent of pain intensity and only 3 (2.5%) patients are present with pain intensity. The study concluded that the clinical manifestation of lumber spine stenosis to devise the management plan for the patient for better diagnoses in magnetic resonance imaging in LSS. Keywords: Lumber spine stenosis, manifestation, MRI DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/90-10 Publication date:June 30th 202

(Z)-N-Methyl-2-(5-nitro-2-oxoindolin-3-yl­idene)hydrazinecarbothio­amide

In the title compound, C10H9N5O3S, an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds into a zigzag chain along the b axis. C—H⋯O inter­actions are observed between the chains

(Z)-2-(5-Fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-yl­idene)-N-phenyl­hydrazinecarbothio­amide

The title compound, C15H11FN4OS, crystallizes with three independent mol­ecules (A, B and C) in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the nine-membered 5-fluoro­indolin-2-one ring system and the benzene ring are 22.14 (11), 12.56 (11) and 3.70 (11)° in mol­ecules A, B and C, respectively. In all three mol­ecules, intra­molecular cyclic N—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen-bonding inter­actions [graph set S(6)] are present in the N—N—C—N chain between the ring systems. In the crystal, the A mol­ecules form centrosymmetric cyclic dimers through inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which are linked into a supramolecular chain along [100] via C—H⋯F interactions; each type of hydrogen bond has graph set graph set R 2 2(8). A similar chain stabilised by similar interactions and also along [100] but, comprising alternating molecules of B and C is found. The latter chains are connected via C—H⋯S interactions, forming a layer with a zigzag topology parallel to (001)

(Z)-2-(2-Oxoindolin-3-yl­idene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothio­amide

In the title compound, C15H12N4OS, the dihedral angle between the nine-membered indolin-2-one ring system and the phenyl ring is 2.72 (7)°. Intra­molecular cyclic N—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen-bonding inter­actions [graph set S(6)] are present, as are weak N—H⋯N inter­actions [graph set S(5)]. In the crystal, mol­ecules form centrosymmetric cyclic dimers through pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [graph set R 2 2(8)] and these are extended by C—H⋯S inter­actions. The crystal structure also features weak C—H⋯π inter­actions

Evacuation of Difficulties and Challenges for Academic Writing in ESL Learning

This study explores the challenges encountered by 60 ESL undergraduate students across four universities in Lahore in their written compositions. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study identifies prominent issues hindering effective academic writing. The investigation reveals notable concerns, including coherence deficits between sentences and paragraphs, limited lexical choices, Subject-Verb Agreement and Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement errors, and punctuation inconsistencies. Aligning with prior research, these findings underline the significance of these linguistic aspects in shaping the quality and clarity of written work. The study underscores the importance of a multifaceted approach in addressing these challenges. It emphasizes the need for instructional interventions that integrate strategies for enhancing coherence, expanding vocabulary, reinforcing grammar rules, and refining punctuation accuracy. By recognizing the interconnectedness of these writing facets, educators can foster a more holistic development of writing skills among ESL undergraduates. The implications of this study resonate beyond the academic realm, equipping students with enhanced communication abilities that transcend educational boundaries and prepare them for effective engagement in a broader societal context

Evacuation of Difficulties and Challenges for Academic Writing in ESL Learning

 This study explores the challenges encountered by 60 ESL undergraduate students across four universities in Lahore in their written compositions. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study identifies prominent issues hindering effective academic writing. The investigation reveals notable concerns, including coherence deficits between sentences and paragraphs, limited lexical choices, Subject-Verb Agreement and Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement errors, and punctuation inconsistencies. Aligning with prior research, these findings underline the significance of these linguistic aspects in shaping the quality and clarity of written work. The study underscores the importance of a multifaceted approach in addressing these challenges. It emphasizes the need for instructional interventions that integrate strategies for enhancing coherence, expanding vocabulary, reinforcing grammar rules, and refining punctuation accuracy. By recognizing the interconnectedness of these writing facets, educators can foster a more holistic development of writing skills among ESL undergraduates. The implications of this study resonate beyond the academic realm, equipping students with enhanced communication abilities that transcend educational boundaries and prepare them for effective engagement in a broader societal context. Keywords: academic writing, ESL, learners, difficulties, challenges

Challenges in NoSQL-Based Distributed Data Storage: A Systematic Literature Review

Key-Value stores (KVSs) are the most flexible and simplest model of NoSQL databases, which have become highly popular over the last few years due to their salient features such as availability, portability, reliability, and low operational cost. From the perspective of software engineering, the chief obstacle for KVSs is to achieve software quality attributes (consistency, throughput, latency, security, performance, load balancing, and query processing) to ensure quality. The presented research is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to find the state-of-the-art research in the KVS domain, and through doing so determine the major challenges and solutions. This work reviews the 45 papers between 2010−2018 that were found to be closely relevant to our study area. The results show that performance is addressed in 31% of the studies, consistency is addressed in 20% of the studies, latency and throughput are addressed in 16% of the studies, query processing is addressed in 13% of studies, security is addressed in 11% of the studies, and load balancing is addressed in 9% of the studies. Different models are used for execution. The indexing technique was used in 20% of the studies, the hashing technique was used in 13% of the studies, the caching and security techniques were used together in 9% of the studies, the batching technique was used in 5% of the studies, the encoding techniques and Paxos technique were used together in 4% of the studies, and 36% of the studies used other techniques. This systematic review will enable researchers to design key-value stores as efficient storage. Regarding future collaborations, trust and privacy are the quality attributes that can be addressed; KVS is an emerging facet due to its widespread popularity, opening the way to deploy it with proper protection