О правописании заимствованных слов в якутском языке

The article is devoted to one of the topical issues of the Yakut spelling - the spelling of words borrowed from the Russian language. The purpose of the study is to trace the current state of spelling of borrowed words in the modern Yakut language. The study is carried out on material extracted from national newspapers. The theoretical basis for the study are the methodological provisions of N.D. Dyachkovsky on the description of the phonetic system of the Yakut language. The main methods of work are: the method of continuous sampling during the initial collection of material from newspaper sources, the method of linguistic analysis, descriptive method using the methods of observation, interpretation, comparison, generalization, method of quantitative data processing. The article presents the results of the analysis of spelling changes of Russisms that have undergone phonetic development, which can be used in the practice of compiling dictionaries of the Yakut language. It is concluded that the tendency to increase in phonetic spelling is in line with the dominant phonetic principle of the Yakut spelling.El artículo está dedicado a uno de los temas principales de la ortografía de Yakut: la ortografía de las palabras tomadas del idioma ruso. El propósito del estudio es rastrear el estado actual de la ortografía de las palabras prestadas en el lenguaje moderno Yakut. El estudio se realiza sobre material extraído de periódicos nacionales. Las bases teóricas para el estudio son las disposiciones metodológicas de N.D. Dyachkovsky sobre la descripción del sistema fonético de la lengua yakut. Los principales métodos de trabajo son: el método de muestreo continuo durante la recolección inicial de material de fuentes periodísticas, el método de análisis lingüístico, el método descriptivo que utiliza los métodos de observación, interpretación, comparación, generalización, método de procesamiento de datos cuantitativos. El artículo presenta los resultados del análisis de los cambios ortográficos de los rusos que han experimentado un desarrollo fonético, que se pueden utilizar en la práctica de compilar diccionarios de la lengua yakut. Se concluye que la tendencia a aumentar la ortografía fonética está en línea con el principio fonético dominante de la ortografía Yakut.Статья посвящена одному из актуальных вопросов якутской орфографии – правописанию заимствованных из русского языка слов. Цель исследования – проследить современное состояние правописания заимствованных слов в современном якутском языке. Исследование осуществляется на материале, извлеченном из республиканских якутоязычных газет. Теоретической основой для исследования являются методологические положения Н.Д. Дьячковского об описании фонетической системы якутского языка. Основными методами работы являются: метод сплошной выборки, метод лингвистического анализа, описательный метод. В статье представлены результаты анализа орфографических изменений русизмов, подвергшихся фонетическому освоению, которые могут быть использованы в практике составления словарей якутского языка. Делается вывод о том, что тенденция к увеличению фонетизированных написаний идет в русле господствующего фонетического принципа якутской орфографии

Mass spectrometry and biochemical analysis of RNA polymerase II: Targeting by protein phosphatase-1

Transcription of eukaryotic genes is regulated by phosphorylation of serine residues of heptapeptide repeats of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). We previously reported that protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) dephosphorylates RNAPII CTD in vitro and inhibition of nuclear PP1-blocked viral transcription. In this article, we analyzed the targeting of RNAPII by PP1 using biochemical and mass spectrometry analysis of RNAPII-associated regulatory subunits of PP1. Immunoblotting showed that PP1 co-elutes with RNAPII. Mass spectrometry approach showed the presence of U2 snRNP. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis points to NIPP1 and PNUTS as candidate regulatory subunits. Because NIPP1 was previously shown to target PP1 to U2 snRNP, we analyzed the effect of NIPP1 on RNAPII phosphorylation in cultured cells. Expression of mutant NIPP1 promoted RNAPII phosphorylation suggesting that the deregulation of cellular NIPP1/PP1 holoenzyme affects RNAPII phosphorylation and pointing to NIPP1 as a potential regulatory factor in RNAPII-mediated transcription. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Mass spectrometry and biochemical analysis of RNA polymerase II: targeting by protein phosphatase-1

Transcription of eukaryotic genes is regulated by phosphorylation of serine residues of heptapeptide repeats of the carboxyterminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). We previously reported that protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) dephosphorylates RNAPII CTD in vitro and inhibition of nuclear PP1-blocked viral transcription. In this article, we analyzed the targeting of RNAPII by PP1 using biochemical and mass spectrometry analysis of RNAPII-associated regulatory subunits of PP1. Immunoblotting showed that PP1 co-elutes with RNAPII. Mass spectrometry approach showed the presence of U2 snRNP. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis points to NIPP1 and PNUTS as candidate regulatory subunits. Because NIPP1 was previously shown to target PP1 to U2 snRNP, we analyzed the effect of NIPP1 on RNAPII phosphorylation in cultured cells. Expression of mutant NIPP1 promoted RNAPII phosphorylation suggesting that the deregulation of cellular NIPP1/PP1 holoenzyme affects RNAPII phosphorylation and pointing to NIPP1 as a potential regulatory factor in RNAPII-mediated transcription