Structural and optoelectronic properties of SnO2 thin films doped by group-1A elements

This paper presents the results of an experimental work devoted to the synthesis and the characterization of tin dioxide (SnO2 Þ thin layers doped with group-IA elements (Li, Na and K). The materials were synthesized by the sol–gel method and deposited by dip-coating, using tin (II) chloride dihydrate as a source of tin and absolute ethyl alcohol as solvent. Thin ¯lms prepared were characterized by several techniques including X-ray di®raction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy and complex impedance method. The results obtained show that the materials kept their tetragonal rutile structure with preferred orientation of (101), whereas doping leads to a reduction of their energy band gap. The complex impedance analysis suggests that the di®erent processes occurring at the electrode interface are modeled by an electrical circuit not a®ected by the doping