The investigation of the effect of plan irregularities on the progressive collapse response of low to medium rise steel structures

This research examines the effect of plan irregularities on the progressive collapse of steel structures. Firstly, 2, 3 and 5-storey steel structures, regular and irregular, located in regions with different seismic activity designed in accordance with AISC (20 I 0) and ASCE7 (20 I 0). Secondly, the effect of the four plan irregularities on the progressive collapse of braced and unbraced steel structures located in regions with different seismic activity assessed. The collapse patterns of the I4 buildings is analysed and compared under seven loading scenarios using nonlinear dynamic and static analyses. In the nonlinear dynamic analyses, node displacements above the removed columns and the additional force on the columns adjacent to them are discussed. Furthermore, the capacity of the columns is compared to determine their susceptibility to collapse. ln the nonlinear static analyses, the pushdown curve and yield load factor of the structures are obtained after column removal. The results indicate that an irregular structure designed in site class C seismic zone collapses in most of the column removal scenarios. Moreover, when comparing regular and irregular structures designed in site class E seismic zone, the demand force to capacity ratio (D/C) of the columns in the irregular structures is on average between I.5 and 2 times that of the regular ones has been discussed by Homaioon Ebrahimi et.al (20 I7). The lack of 2-storey building bearing capacity to withstand the removal of the column is lower than that of the 5-storey structure, which is due to the level of redundancy that characterises in the 5-storey structure

Three-Dimensional Printing of Structural Members with Shotcrete Technique: Design, Construction, and Future Directions

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of 3D printing technology in the construction industry, highlighting the potential applications, benefits, and future directions of this emerging field. The review indicates that 3D printing technology has the potential to revolutionize the construction industry by offering more efficient, precise, and sustainable methods of construction. The technology offers numerous advantages, including the ability to create complex geometries and custom components, improved precision and accuracy, reduction in waste materials, improved worker safety, and potential for use in remote or inaccessible locations. Furthermore, the advent of additive manufacturing, colloquially known as 3D printing, presents prospects for the advancement of novel material compositions, printing methodologies, and cybernetic systems that have the potential to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of the construction domain. Future research should focus on developing larger printers with more efficient support structures, improving the accuracy and speed of printing, and exploring the potential of using new and innovative materials in the construction process. Additionally, the environmental impact of 3D printing technology should be further examined, particularly in terms of its potential for reducing waste and energy consumption in the construction industry. Overall, the potential utilizations and advantageous outcomes stemming from the implementation of 3D printing technology within the construction sector are momentous. Persistent exploration and innovation within this realm hold the capacity to engender noteworthy strides in construction technology and foster heightened sustainability within building methodologies