2 research outputs found

    Understanding the behaviour of avian metapneumovirus in Moroccan turkeys flocks through serological investigations

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    Le mĂ©tapneumovirus aviaire (aMPV) est l’agent causal d’une maladie contagieuse et aigue qui touche principalement le tractus respiratoire avec diffĂ©rentes expressions cliniques. Il s’agit de la rhinotrachĂ©ite infectieuse chez la dinde, d’infection insidieuse et de syndrome infectieux de la grosse tĂŞte en association avec d’autres pathogènes chez le poulet de chair, ou encore de baisses de production avec altĂ©ration de la qualitĂ© de l’œuf et associĂ©es Ă  des gĂŞnes respiratoires chez les poules pondeuses et les reproductrices. Afin de mieux comprendre le comportement du virus dans les Ă©levages de dinde de chair au Maroc, une enquĂŞte sĂ©rologique a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e sur 23 sites prĂ©sentant des symptĂ´mes respiratoires, avec parfois des mortalitĂ©s. Il s’agit, outre la mise en Ă©vidence d’anticorps tĂ©moins d’une infection naturelle par aMPV, de dĂ©terminer les possibles co-infections chez la dinde, particulièrement en association avec Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT), Ă  travers une analyse de corrĂ©lation des titres d’anticorps dirigĂ©s contre les agents des deux maladies. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus montrent une corrĂ©lation forte et positive des anticorps produits contre aMPV et ORT chez la dinde (R = 0,806). Il en dĂ©coule que le mĂ©tapneumovirus aviaire peut ĂŞtre très souvent prĂ©sent en association avec d’autres virus ou bactĂ©ries pathogènes respiratoires, tout en Ă©tant un agent primaire d’infection.  Mots-clĂ©s: mĂ©tapneumovirus aviaire, aMPV, RhinotrachĂ©ite Infectieuse, RTI, dinde, co-infections, sĂ©rologie, corrĂ©lationAvian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) is the etiological agent of an acute and contagious disease, affecting mainly the respiratory tract with several clinical expressions. It causes Turkey Rhinotracheitis in turkeys, insidious infections or Swollen Head Syndrom in broilers when associated with pathogens, as well as drops of production with poor eggshell quality together with respiration difficulties in layers and breeders. Aiming to understand better the behaviour of the virus in Moroccan fattening turkeys’ flocks, a serological study was conducted in 23 farms with respiratory problems, and eventually, mortalities in some of them. The purpose, besides showing antibodies due to natural infection by aMPV, is to highlight co-infections in turkeys, particularly those associated with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) through correlation analysis of antibodies titres against both diseases agents. Results obtained show a strong and positive correlation of antibodies produced against APV and against ORT in turkeys (R = 0,806). Thus, avian metapneumovirus is more likely to be present in association with other respiratory pathogenic viruses or bacterias, while being initial infectious agent.  Key words: Avian Metapneumovirus, aMPV, turkeys, Turkey Rhinotracheitis, TRT, co-infections, serology, correlatio

    Avian Metapneumovirus Review: A Focus on Broilers

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    Avian Metapneumovirus infection first emerged in South African turkeys, followed by respiratory problems in chickens with a swollen head syndrome. The etiological agent is a Metapneumovirus in the Pneumoviridae family and the first pneumovirus identified in avian species. This virus causes respiratory and reproductive affections that are worsened in the presence of other pathogens. The present review summarized the current knowledge about the virus’s properties and spread, its different subtypes, and the immunological and pathological mechanisms, especially in the broilers. The diagnostic methods are based on serology and essentially ELISA to show and titer antibodies following infection in naïve birds. Molecular tools such as PCR aim to detect and subtype avian Metapneumovirus genetic material. Besides biosecurity, prevention relies mostly on good management and vaccination
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