Development, Investigation, and Comparative Study of the Effects of Various Metal Oxides on Optical Electrochemical Properties Using a Doped PANI Matrix

A comparative study was performed in order to analyze the effect of metal oxide (MO) on the properties of a polymeric matrix. In this study, polyaniline (PANI)@Al2O3, PANI@TiC, and PANI@TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using in situ polymerization with ammonium persulfate as an oxidant. The prepared materials were characterized by various analytical methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV/visible (UV/Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the conductive properties of the materials were tested using the four-point probe method. The presence of MO in the final product was confirmed by XPS, XRD, FTIR, and TEM, while spectroscopic characterization revealed interactions between the MOs and PANI. The results showed that the thermal stability was improved when the MO was incorporated into the polymeric matrix. Moreover, the results revealed that incorporating TiO2 into the PANI matrix improves the optical bandgap of the nanocomposite and decreases electrical conductivity compared to other conducting materials. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the hybrid nanocomposites were tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD). The obtained results suggest that the PANI@TiO2 nanocomposite could be a promising electrode material candidate for high-performance supercapacitor applications

New Hybrid Adsorbents Based on Polyaniline and Polypyrrole with Silicon Dioxide: Synthesis, Characterization, Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies for the Removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenol

In the current study, polyaniline and polypyrrole with silicon dioxide (PAni:PPy@SiO2) were combined to formulate a new adsorbent, which was examined using XRD, TEM, SEM, FTIR, TGA, and BET, and the adsorption kinetics were investigated by UV–vis spectroscopy. The optical band gap was also evaluated. The electrochemical behavior was investigated using cyclic voltammograms. Moreover, experimental conditions were used to evaluate the 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) adsorption based on the pH, temperature, reaction time, and initial concentration. The analytical isotherm data were determined by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Sips, and Redlich–Peterson models. For the analysis of the kinetic data, the pseudo-first- and -second-order models and the intraparticle diffusion model were investigated. It was found that this new adsorbent possessed the highest adsorption efficiency after several regeneration cycles. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters of adsorption, such as entropy (ΔS), enthalpy (ΔH), and standard Gibbs were measured. These results suggest that the PAni:PPy backbone can generally be better applied for the elimination of 2,4-dichlorophenol by appropriately dispersing it over the surface of suitable SiO2. This search provides a novel way to develop separable, high-performance adsorbents for adsorbing organic contamination from wastewater

Positional Isomeric Effects on the Physicochemical Properties of Polymeric Matrix and Polymer@TiO₂ Nanocomposites

This study investigates the influence of positional isomerism on the physicochemical characteristics of polymeric matrices by examining polyo-anisidine (POA) and polyp-anisidine (PPA) in conjunction with TiO2 nanoparticles. The synthesis of POA@TiO2 and PPA@TiO2 involved chemical oxidative polymerization. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the anatase structure of TiO2 nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the successful integration of TiO2 nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. Moreover, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed the effective interaction between the nanoparticle and the polymer. TGA indicated that POA@TiO2 exhibited a lower weight loss than PPA@TiO2, suggesting an enhancement in thermal stability. Although the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles led to a reduction in the electrical conductivity of the pristine polymers (PPA and POA), the resultant nanocomposites retained high conductivities within the range of 0.08 to 0.34 S.cm−1. Furthermore, the POA-based polymer matrix displayed promising electrochemical properties. Significantly, the adherence of the POA layer to TiO2 nanoparticles suggests potential practical applications