The Effect of Chamomile essence on pain relief in Patients post operation Caesarean surgery

Effect of chamomile essential oil on postpartum pain after a cesarean section Abstract Background: The pain after a C-section is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience making the childbirth an unfortunate and annoying event for the mother. Aromatherapy is one of the non-pharmacological pain relief methods in which essential oils are administered to reduce the pain intensity. Analgesic effect of chamomile essential oil is attributed to its apigenin content. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chamomile essential oil on postpartum pain after a C-section. Materials and methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 128 pregnant women undergoing elective C-section at Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran in 2015. The patients in the aromatherapy group (n=66) inhaled one drop of chamomile essential oil (5%) for 15-20 minutes (5 cm away from the nose; 4, 8, and 12 hours after the surgery). The same process was performed for the control group using one drop of placebo. The pain intensity and quality were measured before and half an hour after the intervention using the visual scale for pain and McGill pain questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Stata software version 12, chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests. Results: The standard deviation and mean age of subjects was 26.10± 4.32 in the intervention group and 25.35 ± 3.73 in the control one. The two groups were similar regarding age, education level and occupation status. The results showed that the intensity and quality of pain in the intervention group before and after treatment were significantly more favorable than the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, chamomile essential oil inhalation can be considered as an adjunct therapy to reduce the acute postpartum pain after a C-section. Further studies are required to elucidate this potential effect. Keywords: chamomile, pain, pain after surgery, aromatherapy, cesarean section Pai

The Toxic Effect of Silibinin and Paclitaxel Combination on Endometrial Cancer Cell Line

Background & objectives: Among gynecologic malignancies, endometrial cancer is the fourth most frequent cause of cancer death all over the world. Paclitaxel is one of the chemotherapy regimens that is used against this cancer. Treatment of tumor with Paclitaxel induces apoptosis, but it is also associated with serious side effects. Thus, it is imperative to search for more effective and safer chemotherapeutic regimens. Silibinin is a milk thistle plant extract that its antioxidant effects against some cancers have been studied. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Paclitaxel and Silibinin combination on endometrial cancer cell line (Hela). Methods: Hela cell line was cultured in 25cm2 flask in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Then the numbers of live cells were calculated with trypan blue staining method and then the cells were seeded in to 96-well flat-bottomed culture plates and treated with Silibilin, Paclitaxel and Paclitaxel plus Silibilin together with the control without treatment. MTT assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity of different treatments. Results: After 48 hours of treatment, Paclitaxel and Silibilin combination inhibited cell growth significantly compared with the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: It is indicated that combination of Paclitaxel and Silibilin can affect the growth arrest of Hela cancer cell line more&nbsp; effective than other treatments and is needed to be examined in vitro