The role of mindfulness in performance and mental health among Japanese athletes: An examination of the relationship between alexithymic tendencies, burnout, and performance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between mindfulness, alexithymia, burnout, and performance efficacy among athletes by means of a longitudinal survey. Participants were 125 university athletes (74 men, 50 women, 1 unknown gender; mean age: 19.84 years, SD = 1.04) who completed a survey comprising the Athlete Mindfulness Questionnaire, Sport Alexithymia Scale, Burnout Scale for University Athletes, and Psychological Performance Efficacy Scale (on which they assessed both themselves and a teammate) at three time points separated by two-month intervals. Mindfulness was found to be negatively correlated with burnout, both directly and in an indirect relationship mediated by alexithymic tendencies; mindfulness was also positively and directly associated with self-evaluation of performance, and indirectly positively associated with performance as evaluated by a teammate, via burnout. Structural equation modeling showed that the hypothesized model represented an acceptable fit to the data, based on several indices. Our findings suggest that mindfulness may help to enhance performance and reduce future burnout among athletes

The role of mindfulness in performance and mental health among Japanese athletes: An examination of the relationship between alexithymic tendencies, burnout, and performance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between mindfulness, alexithymia, burnout, and performance efficacy among athletes by means of a longitudinal survey. Participants were 125 university athletes (74 men, 50 women, 1 unknown gender; mean age: 19.84 years, SD = 1.04) who completed a survey comprising the Athlete Mindfulness Questionnaire, Sport Alexithymia Scale, Burnout Scale for University Athletes, and Psychological Performance Efficacy Scale (on which they assessed both themselves and a teammate) at three time points separated by two-month intervals. Mindfulness was found to be negatively correlated with burnout, both directly and in an indirect relationship mediated by alexithymic tendencies; mindfulness was also positively and directly associated with self-evaluation of performance, and indirectly positively associated with performance as evaluated by a teammate, via burnout. Structural equation modeling showed that the hypothesized model represented an acceptable fit to the data, based on several indices. Our findings suggest that mindfulness may help to enhance performance and reduce future burnout among athletes

運動の楽しさと技能向上から見た学習者の感覚経験を重視した指導方略の効果

Two learning methods for developing high performance and enjoyment in gymnastics were investigated. The participants were healthy undergraduates (n = 38) who were randomly divided into a “model mastery learning group”, for which ideal movements were emphasized, and a “kinesthetic experiential learning group”, for which practice of various movements was emphasized, when performing balance exercises on a gymnastic ball. The psychological effects of the two learning methods were compared using the Intrinsic Motivation Scale, Sport Flow Scale, and Two-Dimensional Mood Scale. Improvements in gymnastic performance were evaluated by timing the durations of balancing on the ball and observations by expert gymnasts.The results indicated that the participants in the kinesthetic experiential learning group had better balancing times and higher intrinsic motivation, flow state, and pleasure mood scores, whereas the stability of posture on the ball was considered to be higher in the model mastery learning group.These findings suggest that learning methods using proactive, trial and error learning, and assorted experiences with versatile kinesthesis are more effective for promoting the enjoyment of gymnastics and improving exercise performance

Relationship between mindfulness and cognitive anxiety-impaired performance: Based on performance evaluation discrepancies

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between athletes’ mindfulness and discrepancy in their self-evaluated and teammate-evaluated performance decrement. The participants in this study were 120 university athletes who took part in a longitudinal survey at three time points. The participants first answered a survey to rate their mindfulness and own performance decrement. Then, they partnered with a teammate and evaluated each other's performance decrement. The participants were classified into a high mindfulness group and low mindfulness group based on their mindfulness score. A three-factor analysis of covariance (group × time × evaluator) was conducted. The two-way interaction between group and evaluator was significant. A simple main effect analysis showed that the low mindfulness group scored higher on performance decrement than the high mindfulness group in self-evaluation, whereas no difference was observed between the groups in terms of teammate evaluation. Therefore, it was inferred that athletes with low mindfulness are more likely to evaluate their own performance negatively compared to athletes with high mindfulness, even when their teammates do not

The liquid-liquid transition and its order parameter

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。研究会報告我々はTriphenyl Phosphite(TPP)およびnormal butanolという分子性液体において液体・液体相転移を発見した。そのキネティクスを顕微鏡、熱量測定を用いた調べた結果、核形成・成長型(NG-type)相転移とスピノーダル分解型(SD-type)相転移の2種類の相転移過程があることがわかった。スピノーダル分解型相転移を詳細に調べた結果、液体・液体相転移を支配する秩序変数は非保存系であることがわかった。そこで、Photon Factory(PF)において放射光X線回折実験を行い、液体・液体相転移中における液体のミクロスコピックな変化を調べた。その結果、液体・液体相転移の秩序変数は局所安定構造の数密度であることが示唆された

アスリートの心理的健康とパフォーマンス、チームワークへのマインドフルネスの役割

科学研究費助成事業 研究成果報告書：若手研究2019-2021課題番号 : 19K1994

Effects of yoga in a physical education course on attention control and mental health among graduate students with high sensory processing sensitivity

This study aimed to examine the effects of yoga on attention control (AC) and mood states in graduate students with high and low sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) in a physical education course setting. Participants included 20 master’s students in Japan who attended a yoga course for a semester and completed the Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale, the AC subscale, and Profile of Mood States before and after the yoga course. The high SPS group students had lower AC and higher negative mood states before the course. Significant improvement in scores was observed, although differences between the two groups after the yoga course were not statistically significant. Although a positive correlation was found between SPS and variation in AC, there was a negative correlation between variation in AC and mood states. The results suggest that yoga in physical education for graduate students with high SPS promoted AC and improved mood states