Relationship between Short Term Memory and Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Administrative Officers at Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: The work of administrative officers depends a lot on their capability in memorizing. Increased fitness is strongly associated with a better memory. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between cardiopulmonary fitness and short term memory.Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was carried out from August to September 2014. Subjects from administrative offices within Universitas Padjadjaran were chosen by simple random sampling. 101 individuals were selected, comprising of 68 males and 33 females. Data were obtained through Digit Span Test for short term memory and the cardiopulmonary fitness was measured using Harvard Step Test. The VO2 Max obtained was correlated with the Digit Span Test score.Results: The mean for cardiopulmonary fitness of males was found to be 36.1, with standard deviation 8.63, whereas mean cardiopulmonary fitness for females was found to be 32.94, with standard deviation 7.5. For correlation analysis, the result of Spearman’s rank analysis from the study showed that the p-value is 0.00. Comparing to the significance level α=5%, the p value is worth less, thus the null hypothesis, Ho is rejected. Therefore, it could be concluded that there was a relationship between cardiopulmonary fitness and short term memory of male and female administrative officers at Universitas Padjadjaran.Conclusions: There is a relationship between cardiopulmonary fitness and short term memory of male and female administrative officers at Universitas Padjadjaran. [AMJ.2016;3(1):34–7] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.69

Physical Performance of West Java Soccer Athletes during February to December 2012

  Background: Soccer is one of the sports included in the 18th National Sports Week (Pekan Olahraga Nasional, (PON) 2012, in Riau. Soccer requires a good physical condition to perform various football techniques such as running, shooting, dribbling, tackling, sliding, throw-in and heading. A good physical component can be achieved through a well-rounded program in accordance to the periodization training program. This study was conducted to describe the physical performance of the West Java’s football athletes in order to develop periodization training program and to predict the athletes’ performance.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out on 23 West Java’s football athletes using secondary data from West Java’s KONI sports medicine team test reports during the period of February to December 2012. The variables in this study were 7 predominant physical components in football as follows: muscle strength, muscle endurance, speed, agility, flexibility, explosive leg muscle power, and general endurance (VO2 max). All components were categorized asInsufficient, Fair, Good, Excellent, and Perfect compared to the central KONI standards.Results: The leg muscle strength, abdominal muscle endurance, speed, agility of all athletes were not considered perfect. Not one of the components was above 50% which was the excellent category. Only Arm and shoulder endurance (56.5%), speed (68.18%), and leg muscle power (52.17%) were in good category. The most of the results regarding the athletes’ leg muscle strength was categorized as fair. All results in the abdominal endurance were in insufficient category.Conclusion: Not all physical performance components are achieved perfectly by all of the football athletes.Keywords: Athletes, football, physical performance DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.442

Exercise Intensity Alter Insulin Receptor Gene Expression in Diabetic Type - 2 Rat Model

AIM: To analyse the differential expression of the insulin receptor (IR) gene between moderate continuous and severe continuous training in the T2DM rat model. METHODS: This was an experimental study. Healthy male Wistar was used in this study, which divided into sedentary, moderate continuous training, and severe continuous training. Treated groups were assigned to run on the treadmill three times a week for eight weeks consequently. RESULTS: The result shown that expression of mRNA IR gene in treated groups decline compared to control. There was a difference mRNA IR gene expression after eight weeks of exercise between MCT and control, SCT and control so are MCT and SCT. IR expression on skeletal muscle in treated groups was different compared with control. The distribution of IR on skeletal muscles in treatment groups was significantly increased compared control, but there was no significant difference distribution between MCT and SCT. HOMA-IR post-test in SCT was lower than MCT but FBG post-test lower in MCT than SCT. CONCLUSION: The intensity of exercise makes a difference in IR gene expression between moderate continuous training and severe continuous training after eight weeks of assigned exercise in T2DM rat models

Correlations between COPD Assessment Test and Modified British Medical Research Council Scoring and Degree of Airflow Limitation

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) and Modified British Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale are tools used to assess health status in COPD patients, while Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) may represent the degree of airflow limitation. Assessment of COPD patients is rarely performed comprehensively. This study aimed to determine the relationships of CAT and MMRC dyspnea scale and the degree of airflow limitation in COPD patients. Methods: The study was conducted from September until October 2014 after obtaining approval from the Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Ethics Committee. This observational analytic study was performed on 77 medical records of COPD patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Patients’ medical records included in this study were those with spirometry measurements results, CAT and MMRC dyspnea scale scoring. Data normality was analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Pearson’s Correlation was used for parametric variables. Spearman’s correlation was used for non-parametric variables. Results: Results showed Pearson’s correlation of CAT and FEV1 (p value=0.035 and r=0.240), and Spearman’s correlation of MMRC dyspnea scale and FEV1 (p value=0.198 and r=0.148). Conclusions: CAT scoring is significantly correlated with the degree of airway limitation. MMRC dyspnea scale is not significantly correlated with the degree of airway limitation

Measurable training program to improve physical performance: literature review

This study aims to determine the appropriate training program and portion in order to improve the physical performance of athletes.This literature review inquiry was obtained from various PubMed and Google Scholar databases by entering keywords, namely: Sports, Yoga, Basic Physical Components, MDA and IL6. This inquiry reviewed 33 articles published in national and international online journals and have been accredited. The results literature review done on prior studies show basic physical components can be optimally improved through exercises based on the FITT formula, namely interval training, fartlek, weight training, circuit training, plyometrix, rope jump and PNF. In addition, showed that aerobic and anaerobic exercises decreased MDA levels. However, the control group experienced a very significant increase in MDA levels. High-intensity exercise was found able to trigger releasing inflammatory mediators such as TNF-ά and IL-6. Furthermore, some literature showed that long-term yoga practice can reduce MDA levels and IL-6 levels as it as it increases antioxidant levels and anti imflamatory levels. This literature review is expected to provide comprehensive explanation of good and measurable training programs for athletes, coaches and sports institutions. Thereby, athletes’ physical performance can be optimally improved and injuries can be avoided so that athletes get sports achievements

Physical Profile of West Java Taekwondo Athletes for Pekan Olahraga Nasional XVIII Riau

Background: Taekwondo is a martial sport that is often included in competitions, especially in a national event such as Pekan Olahraga Nasional (PON) XVIII Riau in September 2012. A taekwondo athlete must havemaximum physical condition in order to achieve maximum performance. West Java taekwondo athletes who will participate in this national sport event receive centralized exercises as a special preparation stage. This study aimed to determine the physical condition profile of male and female taekwondo athletes for PON XVIII RiauMethods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted in September 2012 to 15 West Java taekwondo athletes for PON Riau XVIII consisting of 7 male athletes and 8 female athletes. Physical conditions measured were strength, endurance, power, speed, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, agility, and reaction time. The measurement results were then compared to the physical standards data from the head of National Sports Committee of Indonesia (Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia/KONI) and were analyzed by percentagecategoryResults: Characteristics in less category were abdominal muscle endurance (male 71.43% and female 100%), cardio respiratory fitness (male 85.71%), and agility (female 37.50%). Characteristics in far category were cardio respiratory fitness (female 62.50%) and agility (male 57.14%)Conclusion: The ability of the physical condition of male and female West Java taekwondo athletes for Pekan Olahraga Nasional XVIII Riau still needs to be improved to maximize achievement. [AMJ.2015;2(1):281–86

Relationship between Short Term Memory and Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Administrative Officers at Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: The work of administrative officers depends a lot on their capability in memorizing. Increased fitness is strongly associated with a better memory. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between cardiopulmonary fitness and short term memory.Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was carried out from August to September 2014. Subjects from administrative offices within Universitas Padjadjaran were chosen by simple random sampling. 101 individuals were selected, comprising of 68 males and 33 females. Data were obtained through Digit Span Test for short term memory and the cardiopulmonary fitness was measured using Harvard Step Test. The VO2 Max obtained was correlated with the Digit Span Test score.Results: The mean for cardiopulmonary fitness of males was found to be 36.1, with standard deviation 8.63, whereas mean cardiopulmonary fitness for females was found to be 32.94, with standard deviation 7.5. For correlation analysis, the result of Spearman’s rank analysis from the study showed that the p-value is 0.00. Comparing to the significance level α=5%, the p value is worth less, thus the null hypothesis, Ho is rejected. Therefore, it could be concluded that there was a relationship between cardiopulmonary fitness and short term memory of male and female administrative officers at Universitas Padjadjaran.Conclusions: There is a relationship between cardiopulmonary fitness and short term memory of male and female administrative officers at Universitas Padjadjaran. [AMJ.2016;3(1):34–7] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.69

Profile of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Flexibility and Fat Percentage of Junior High School Students in Jatinangor

Background: Obesity and physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable disease and global mortality in adolescent. Lack of physical activity will lead the condition into poor physical fitness, measured by cardio respiratory fitness (maximum oxygen volume, VO2 max), and other components such as flexibility. The study aimed to describe VO2 max, flexibility and fat percentage among junior high school students in Jatinangor.Methods: The study was a descriptive observational study using descriptive analysis.  VO2 max was assessed using Astrand Ryhming step test, flexibility was measured using flexometer sit and reach test, and fat percentage was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis scale. The subjects were junior high school students who were study in 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade in Jatinangor Junior High School based on stratification sampling method. It was conducted from September–October 2013.Results: Total subjects were 110 students consisted of male (n=52) and female (n=58).  The VO2 max were in good and above category, 57.69% of male (50.37 ± 9.80 ml/kg/min), and 60.34% of female (37.66±7.03 ml/kg/min). The flexibility for both males and females were within excellent category (67.31%, 26.56 ±7.14 cm and 67.24%, 27.29±6.64 cm respectively). The fat percentage in females were within healthy category (67.24%, 25.28 ± 6.85 %), meanwhile male were within underfat category (48.08%, 11.66 ± 5.83 %).Conclusions: The majority of VO2 max, and flexibility both in male and female were good. The fat percentages were good in female students, while in male students were under normal range.DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.108