On the Formation and Constitution of Calcium-Ferrite

We studied the formation, constitution, melting point, and micro-structures of Ca-ferrite prepared from the mixtures of CaO and Fe₂O₃ by chemical- and X-ray analyses. Main results obtained are as follows. 1) Ca-ferrite has two kinds of compound which are represented by CaOFe₂O₃ (monocalcium-ferrite) and 2CaOFe₂O₃ (dicalcium-ferrite). 2) CaOFe₂O₃ is formed over 700° and the formation is completed at about 1000℃. 3) When the sample contains excess CaO, 2CaOFe₂O₃ is formed over 1000℃ by the reaction of CaOFe₂O₃ and excess CaO and this reaction is completed at about 1200℃. 4) CaOFe₂O₃ dissolves Fe₂O₃ at high temperature and the sample containing 60 mol% of Fe₂O₃ shows single phase at 1200℃. 5) The compound represented by 3CaOFe₂O₃ or CaO2Fe₂O₃ cannot be observed by X-ray examination ; the former is nothing but a mixture of CaO and 2CaOFe₂O₃, and the latter, simply a mixture of solid solution of CaOFe₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ and free Fe₂O₃. 6) CaOFe₂O₃ melts at 1220° and is dissolved in hot 1 : 1 HCl by heating while 2CaOFe₂O₃ melts at 1280C° and is dissolved immediately in cold dil HCl, and they both have paramagnetic property. 7) CaOFe₂O₃ forms fine hexagonal crystals near its melting point and shows growth steps, but 2CaOFe₂O₃ is apt to become glassy and its definite crystal forms are difficult to recognize under microscope

On the Formation and Constitution of Nickel-Ferrite

The authors have studied on the formation, constiution, magnetic properties, and microstructures of Ni-ferrite, and also prepared the single crystals of Ni-ferrite. The intimate mixtures of NiO and Fe₂O₃ powder of various molar ratio were used as raw materials. The samples were heated at various temperature and were investigated by X-ray and magnetic analyses. The main results obtained were as follows. 1) Ni-ferrite is formed from oxides mixture at above 675℃. 2) NiFe₂O₄ dissolves excess NiO and Fe₂O₃ at above 1250° and 1200℃ respectively. At 1300°, the single spinel phase is obtained in the range of Fe₂O₃ content of from 52% to 86.5% in weight. 3) Ni-ferrite which dissolves excess Fe₂O₃ precipitate free Fe₂O₃ by annealing at 700℃ for 3 hours. 4) Ni-ferrite is a ferromagnetic compound and the intensity of magnetization shows a sharp maximum at the 1-2 sample at above 1200℃. The magnetism of the samples containing excess Fe₂O₃ are weakend remarkably by annealing at above 500℃, and this phenomena seems to be connected with precipitation of excess Fe₂O₃. 5) The growth steps are recognized on the crystals which developes on the sintered surface of Ni-ferrite. 6) The lattice constant of Ni-ferrite is about 8.22~8.23Å, and Curie point is about 588℃. 7) Ni-ferrite single crystal forms regular octahedron

Quantitative electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses of lead zirconate titanate

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses have been performed on a sol–gel deposited lead zirconate titanate film, showing that EELS can be used for heavy as well as light element analysis. The elemental distributions within the sol–gel layers are profiled using the Pb N<sub>6,7</sub>-edges, Zr M-edges, Ti L-edges and O K-edge. A multiple linear least squares fitting procedure was used to extract the Zr signal which overlaps with the Pb signal. Excellent qualitative information has been obtained on the distribution of the four elements. The non-uniform and complementary distributions of Ti and Zr within each sol–gel deposited layer are observed. The metal:oxygen elemental ratios are quantified using experimental standards of PbTiO<sub>3</sub>, PbZrO<sub>3</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> to provide relevant cross-section ratios. The quantitative results obtained for Ti/O and Pb/O are very good but the Zr/O results are less accurate. Methods of further improving the results are discussed

メイジ チュウキ コクスイ シュギシャ ノ イミンカン セイキョウシャ スギウラ ジュウゴウ ノ イミンロン カラ

In this thesis, I want to notice Jugo Sugiura\u27s Thought on the Emigration. He was a ultra nationalist in Meiji and Taisho era. Especially he wrote so many nationalistic theses, articles and essays in his middle age in the middle of Meiji era. Sugiura wrote several articles about the emigration and emigrants in newspapers in that term. From these articles, I analyzed his thought on them. He wanted to promote the emigration from Japan to the foreign countries just to invade the foreign countries to get cnlonies and to enhance the national nrestige of Janan