Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia

In an international cohort of 279 patients with hypoxemic influenza pneumonia, we identified 13 patients (4.6%) with autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha and/or -omega, which were previously reported to underlie 15% cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia and one third of severe adverse reactions to live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-omega (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6-73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia. Nine and four patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-alpha 2, and six and two patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-omega. The patients' autoantibodies increased influenza A virus replication in both A549 cells and reconstituted human airway epithelia. The prevalence of these antibodies was significantly higher than that in the general population for patients 70 yr of age (3.1 vs. 4.4%, P = 0.68). The risk of critical influenza was highest in patients with antibodies neutralizing high concentrations of both IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega (OR = 11.7, P = 1.3 x 10(-5)), especially those <70 yr old (OR = 139.9, P = 3.1 x 10(-10)). We also identified 10 patients in additional influenza patient cohorts. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs account for similar to 5% of cases of life-threatening influenza pneumonia in patients <70 yr old

Low-cost sensors for indoor air quality : performance assessment in simulated real conditions

International audienceLow-cost sensors for indoor air quality: performance assessment in simulated real conditionsaAs air quality is more and more a matter of interest among the general population, people strongly express the need to access real-time measurements with low-cost sensors easy to use. For indoor air, a lot of small, connected and low-cost sensors can now readily be purchased from the online markets. If their functionalities are very promising, there is a need to evaluate their metrological performances

Genetic architecture of European maize: multiparental QTL mapping and insights into heterosis

Genetic architecture of European maize: multiparental QTL mapping and insights into heterosis. 54. Maize Genetics Conferenc

Genetic architecture of European maize: multiparental QTL mapping and insights into heterosis

Genetic architecture of European maize: multiparental QTL mapping and insights into heterosis. Meeting of working Group Medicago sativ

Genetic architecture of European maize: multiparental QTL mapping and insights into heterosis

Genetic architecture of European maize: multiparental QTL mapping and insights into heterosis. Meeting of working Group Medicago sativ

A French certification scheme for the evaluation of sensor systems dedicated to the ambient air quality monitoring

International audienceThe continuous interest for sensor systems dedicated to the air quality monitoring led the French national agencies (Ministry in charge of the environment, the French National Reference Laboratory for monitoring air quality (LCSQA) members and the regional monitoring networks (AASQA)) to study the reliability of these new devices. However, there is currently no national or European normative framework regulating their uses or giving the guidelines to evaluate their performances against reference measurement systems. Two members of the LCSQA (Ineris & LNE) joined forces to establish a voluntary certification scheme called Air Quality Sensor that focused on the evaluation of the metrological performances of sensor systems for both gaseous and particulate matter. This evaluation, based on the European standard drafts of the working group on sensor systems for air quality monitoring (CEN TC264/WG42), is divided in two steps: This evaluation focuses on fixed measurement performed with a stationary sensor system. In a first stage, this voluntary evaluation is aimed at measuring PM2.5 and NO2 and will be further extended to other pollutants such as O3 and PM10. At the end of the two parts of the metrological assessment and after an audit of the devices production, a performance division is assigned to each pollutant measured by the sensor system, based on specific metrological criteria described in the protocol for evaluating sensor systems for ambient air quality monitoring at fixed point (MO-1347, Evaluation Protocol for Sensor Systems for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring at Fixed Site, https://prestations.ineris.fr/en/certification/certification-sensors-system-air-quality-monitoring)

A first certification protocol for the evaluation of sensor systems dedicated to the ambient air quality monitoring

International audienc

Urban atmospheric stratification and its dynamics: ABL development above the city of Marseille and in the surroundings

ESCOMPTE 2001 is a field experiment that took place in the south-east of France in order to understand chemical transformation and transport of air pollutants and then to improve numerical models devoted to study and forecasting: http://medias.obs-mip.fr/escompte. In order to build such 3D database, a large set of ground based, onboard and remote data were collected through several measurement techniques. To be used for model validation, such database needs a reliability that can be obtained by checking the data coherence. For this, we had performed a specialized quality control on altitude ozone measurement, including LIDAR, airplanes and radio-sondes instruments, showing a global coherence within an uncertainty below 15%, which fulfils the European guidelines. Such quality control, which was performed on ail chemical and physical measurements, had validated the 3D database and thus ail extracted data shall be compared. As an application to the ABL characterization, several flights were devoted to the study of Marseille urban boundary layer where Wind angular LIDAR, Ozone and aerosol angular LIDAR, wind RADAR profilers and Constant Volume Balloon had made continuous characterization of the urban and sub-urban boundary layers. Thus, such combined results, which give a global overview of the ABL stratification and its dynamic, might also defined some correlations between chemical vertical stratification, especially on ozone and aerosol, and local or global dynamic effects like for example see breeze development

Surveillance de la Qualité de l'Air et Méthodes de collecte de Données

National audienc

Surveillance de la Qualité de l'Air et Méthodes de collecte de Données

National audienc