Rehabilitación y recuperación de zonas baldías con la elección e implementación de árboles urbanos

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Departamento Académico de Manejo ForestalEl presente trabajo de suficiencia profesional se desarrolla en la temática del arbolado urbano, los árboles urbanos han sido reconocidos desde hace tiempo por los importantes beneficios sociales, económicos y ambientales que brindan a las ciudades, tanto son los beneficios, que actualmente, el arbolado urbano está relacionado directamente con el paisaje de la ciudad, y se expanden a medida que crecen las poblaciones urbanas. En algunos casos, los árboles habitan en condiciones de crecimiento limitado, sea por la baja disponibilidad de agua para riego o por espacios dominados por las construcciones, calles, centros comerciales, etc., y terminan comprometiendo en muchos casos la supervivencia de esos árboles. Es por ello, que las municipalidades, responsables del manejo de las áreas verdes y arbolado urbano, deben estar siempre atentos a este tipo de casos. En este trabajo descriptivo se identifican algunos factores que pueden limitar a la adaptabilidad y adecuado desarrollo del arbolado urbano en zonas baldías en recuperación, y es de vital importancia plantear alternativas de solución. Dentro de las limitantes más importantes está la disponibilidad de agua, la calidad del suelo y la selección de especies. Para dichas limitantes se plantean alternativas de solución, como lo son: el diseño, la mejora de la calidad del suelo, plantas de bajo requerimiento hídrico y el uso de aguas residuales tratadasThe present work of professional sufficiency is developed on the theme of urban trees, urban trees have long been recognized for the social importance: economic and environmental benefits they provide to cities, both are the benefits that currently, urban trees it is directly related to the landscape of the city, and they expand as urban populations grow. In some cases, trees live in conditions of limited growth, either due to the low availability of water for irrigation or by spaces dominated by buildings, streets, shopping centers, etc., in some cases, that limited growth conditions end up compromising the survival of these trees lives. That is why the municipalities, responsible for the management of green areas and urban trees, must always be attentive to this type of cases. This descriptive work identifies some factors that may limit the adaptability and adequate development of urban trees in uncultivated recovery areas, where it is vitally important to propose alternative solutions. The most important limitations are the availability of water, the quality of the soil and the selection of species. For these limitations, alternative solutions are proposed, such as: design, improvement of soil quality, plants with low water requirements and the use of treated wastewate

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data