A Redesign Procedure to Manufacture Adaptive Façades with Standard Products

Although their potential for high environmental performance is largely accepted, adaptive façades have not yet become widespread in practice. Most of the current examples are developed by engineer-to-order design processes, as project-oriented, custom, and complex solutions. More simple and reliable solutions are needed to support the reuse of technical solutions between projects and increase the feasibility of adaptive façades. Therefore, this research aims to develop a procedure to design adaptive façades whose parts are based on engineered standard products with the least number of parts and layers. The research is initiated through the generation of concepts for designing adaptive façades to be manufactured using standard products. From several concepts, ‘redesigning dynamic adaptive façades’ has been selected for further investigation, as it pursues the goals for a solution determined for this research. A preliminary case study is conducted to redesign an adaptive façade to be manufactured with standard products. Its process steps are captured and analysed, and the steps that need improvement are revealed. To systematise and improve the captured redesign process, façade design and product design methodologies are analysed in the context of adaptive façade design. Redesign and reverse engineering processes used in product design are adapted and merged with façade and adaptive façade design processes, and a 5-phase adaptive façade redesign procedure is outlined. Each phase is developed based on mature tools and methods used in product and façade design. An iterative loop of development, application test, and review process is carried out for development of the process steps. Thus, a redesign procedure is generated by the combined application of DFMA and TRIZ in the synthesis of reverse engineering and redesign processes. Consequently, the application of the redesign procedure is demonstrated through a case study. The case study revealed that the procedure has the ability to generate a façade redesign that has a higher constructability index than the reference façade

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Rheological Behavior of Modified Starch/EVA Blends

There is a current research tendency towards the biodegradable thermoplastic materials from renewable resources since the environmental restraints play vital role in recent years. Starch is one of the renewable resources and abundantly available in the form of plant products. It is possible to blend starch with various thermoplastic materials to achieve such aims. In this study, an ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer resin (Luvax 40 W, DuPont) was blended with a modified starch (Maize Starch, Pendik Nisasta) in various amounts by means of a single screw extruder with different screw speeds. For this purpose, first starch was modified in a four neck spherical glass reactor. Modified starch was then blended with the EVA copolymer resin. Rheological analyses of these composites were performed by means of an AR G2 rheometer (TA Instruments) with parallel-plate geometry in a steady state condition. Rheological behavior and properties were recorded. The changes in viscosity with different temperatures, stress and strain dependence as well as general constitutive material behavior were determined in detail. As a result, the best formulation and process conditions were determined for the reasonable processability of starch/EVA blends from the obtained rheological data

TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS OF TURKISH HAZELNUT (CORYLUS AVELLANA L.) KERNELS AND OILS

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) has an important nutritional value comprising a rich variety monounsaturated fats and vitamins, with a good level of dietary fiber and a high content of minerals. In the present work, phenolics in the aqueous systems were extracted from 15 different dry Turkish hazelnut kernels without skin, cultivated in Ordu province of Turkey, with 80% (v/v) MeOH/H2O. The aqueous methanolic extracts of hazelnut kernels and of oil samples were examined for their phenolic contents (Folin-Ciocalteau), total antioxidant capacities (TAC) (CUPRAC and ABTS/persulfate) and antiradical activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH). The individual free phenolic constituents (mainly phenolic and hydroxycinnamic acids) found in hazelnut kernels were also identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the dry hazelnut cultivars, Mincane showed the highest TAC (TACCUPRAC: 2.98 +/- 0.37 mmol TE/g) (n = 3). This work is the first application of the CUPRAC method to Turkish hazelnut antioxidant characterization and of CUPRAC and DPPH assays to hazelnut oils. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Hazelnut plays a major role in human nutrition and health because of its fat, protein, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals and phenolic content. This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive investigation of phenolic contents, total antioxidant capacities (TAC) and free radical scavenging activities of 15 different dry Turkish hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) kernels cultivated in Ordu province (in the Black Sea Region) of Turkey for the first time. The TAC and phenolic contents of Turkish hazelnuts reported in this study are believed to contribute to human nutrition and health in the selection of hazelnut-rich diets for natural antioxidant supplementation

Long Term Maxillofacial Effects of Radiotherapy in Young Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: Report of 3 Cases

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare and distinct malignancy that arises from the epithelium of the nasophalynx. It accounts almost 1 % of all pediatric malignancies. Oral complications of radiotherapy in the head and neck region are the result of the deleterious effects of radiation on salivary glands, oral mucosa, bone, dentition, masticatory musculature, and temporomandibular joints