Effect of Turbocharger Compression Ratio on Performance of the Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine

Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are one of the most important engineering applications that operate based on the conversion of chemical energy from fuel into thermal energy as a result of direct combustion. The obtained thermal energy is then turned into kinetic energy to derive various means of transportation, such as marine, air, and land vehicles. The efficiency of ICE today is considered in the range of the intermediate level, and various improvements are being made to enhance its efficiency. The turbocharger can support the ICE, which works by increasing the pressure in the engine to enhance its efficiency. In this investigation, the effect of the turbocharger pressure on ICE performance was studied in the range of 2 to 10 bar. It was found that the increase in turbocharger pressure enhanced the pressure inside the engine, positively affecting engine efficiency indicators. Therefore, the increase in turbocharger pressure is directly proportional to the ICE efficiency. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-04 Full Text: PD

In situ radiographic investigation of de lithiation mechanisms in a tin electrode lithium ion battery.

The lithiation and delithiation mechanisms of multiple Sn particles in a customized flat radiography cell were investigated by in amp; 8197;situ synchrotron radiography. For the first time, four de lithiation phenomena in a Sn electrode battery system are highlighted 1 amp; 8197;the de lithiation behavior varies between different Sn particles, 2 amp; 8197;the time required to lithiate individual Sn particles is markedly different from the time needed to discharge the complete battery, 3 amp; 8197;electrochemical deactivation of originally electrochemically active particles is reported, and 4 amp; 8197;a change of electrochemical behavior of individual particles during cycling is found and explained by dynamic changes of de lithiation pathways amongst particles within the electrode. These unexpected findings fundamentaly expand the understanding of the underlying de lithiation mechanisms inside commercial lithium ion batteries LIBs and would open new design principles for high performance next generation LIB

Evaluating the influence of security considerations on information dissemination via social networks

This study investigates the factors that influence the sharing of information on social media platforms and examines the effects of perceived security, perceived privacy, and user awareness on users' trust in social media platforms, as well as the moderating effects of age, gender, educational attainment, and internet proficiency on information sharing. The study collected data from 837 social media users in Jordan and analyzed them using structural equation modeling (SEM), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and machine learning (ML) methods. The findings of the study indicate that perceived security, perceived privacy, and user awareness all have a significant impact on users' trust in social media platforms. Trust, in turn, has a significant impact on the amount of information shared on these platforms. Also, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into the dynamics of information sharing on social networks. This knowledge will be of interest to managers, policymakers, and developers of social media platforms. In addition, the findings of the study also have implications for the privacy and security of social media users. For example, social media users can be more careful about the information they share on social media platforms, and they can take steps to protect their privacy

Energy profit evaluation of a photovoltaic system from a selected building in Jordan

The purpose of this study is to find the most profitable way to construct a photovoltaic (PV) system on a residential building in Amman by taking into account the local climate, the average monthly energy use, and the rates charged by the local electric utility. The building has a monthly energy usage of 550 kWh on average, with the biggest demand for energy occurring in the months of January and December and the lowest demand occurring in the months of April, May, and June. The photovoltaic (PV) system is mounted at a variety of angles, including 10°, 20°, 32°, and 54°. This study took into account the fact that the price of electrical energy is dependent on the demand for electricity in order to determine the periods of the day when there is the greatest need for energy. Another crucial aspect to consider is the sun's strength, which shifts during the course of the year. When solar intensity is at its peak and power rates are at their highest, a PV system is considered as a realistic choice to satisfy energy needs. This is because PV systems can generate energy even in cloudy conditions. A comprehensive examination of the solar energy that is taken in by a PV cell and the electric energy that is produced as a result of this is also included in the study

The effect of solar tower height on its energy output at Ma’an-Jordan

The solar power tower is a concentrated solar energy application that uses a receiver to capture reflected sunlight from the mirror field. Solar energy is seen as one of the solutions to the problem of climate change as it is environmentally friendly. In this work, the production of energy from a solar tower in the Ma’an region of southern Jordan was studied using a simulation program of 3D-Energy. The dependency of the power output on the tower height is presented while showing that greater power production can be facilitated by optimizing the height of the tower

Modelling of Operating Conditions of Conduction Heat Transfer Mode Using Energy 2D Simulation

An energy transfer across a system boundary due to a temperature difference by the mechanism of inter-molecular interactions called conduction heat transfer. In the present work, a mathematical model and a simulation based on Energy 2D V 3.0.1 simulator are presented to study the effect of the conduction parameters: thermal conductivity, surface contact area, temperature difference and conduction distance on the heat transferred by the conduction mode.  </p

Design of a solar photovoltaic system to cover the electricity demand for the faculty of Engineering- Mu'tah University in Jordan

In this study, the reduction ways of the electricity demand for Engineering Faculty at Mu'tah University were investigated. The using of the available resources efficiently and effectively to reduce energy bill is one way to reduce the energy consumption as well as the electricity generation. On grid photovoltaic system considers the most promising way to achieve the target of saving. For that, the availability of the solar photovoltaic system as an electricity generation source for Faculty of Engineering proposed to design a 56.7kW grid-connected as a solar photovoltaic power plant to cover the electricity demand. The analysis revealed that the Engineering Faculty at Mu'tah University consumed 96MWh annually and by installing an on-grid photovoltaic system with a capacity of 56.7 KW the electricity production to the grid will be 97.02MWh per year, which cover the electricity demand for Engineering Faculty at Mu'tah University with a capital cost of $117,000 and payback period about 5.5 years

In Operando Quantification of Three Dimensional Water Distribution in Nanoporous Carbon Based Layers in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Understanding the function of nanoporous materials employed in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells PEMFCs is crucial to improve their performance, durability, and cost efficiency. Up to now, the water distribution in the nm sized pore structures was hardly accessible during operation of the cells. Here we demonstrate that phase contrast synchrotron X ray tomography allows for an in operando quantification of the three dimensional water distribution within the nm sized pores of carbon based microporous layers MPLs . For this purpose, a fuel cell design optimized for tomographic phase contrast measurements was realized. Water in the pores of the entire MPL was detected and quantified. We found an inhomogeneous distribution of the local water saturation and a sharp boundary between mostly filled MPL and almost empty areas. We attribute the latter observation to the two phase boundary created because condensation takes place predominantly on one side of the boundary. Furthermore, high water saturation in large areas hints at gas diffusion or transport along preferred three dimensional paths through the material, therefore bypassing most of the MPL volume. Our approach may contribute significantly to future investigations of nanoporous fuel cell materials under realistic operating conditions