POETRY FOR YOUNG PEOPLE AND CULTURAL IMBALANCES. A postcolonial approach to the current situation in Spain and France

This research explores the availability and potential educational uses of different forms of poetry that can be read using a postcolonial approach. The focus is on contemporary France and Spain, two contexts where people with different cultural heritages coexist and need to negotiate cultural imbalances inherited from colonial and neo-colonial domination. This research highlights poetry’s overlooked suitability to engage young people in the expression of cultural difference in a progressively globalized world where cultivating cross-cultural understanding and tolerance needs to be at the top of our agendas. For this reason, the dissertation includes an analysis of poems (currently available for young people) aiming to foreground the possibilities of a postcolonial reading. I also studied similarities and divergences between the French and Spanish scenarios based on evidence gathered during a survey of the Spanish and French fields of poetry for young people and from interviews with informed agents. The survey of the field consists of the exploration of textbooks and anthologies but also the examination of poetry circulating through on-line channels. The interviews were undertaken with selected French and Spanish representatives of people currently involved in the production and dissemination of poetry for young people. I observed that the number of poems showing connections to a postcolonial legacy was scant in the French school material and even more in the Spanish books that I examined. I also confirmed that little attention was given to oral ways to deliver poetry especially showing little regard for the oral literary practices and traditions of non-European French and Spanish speaking communities. The Spanish lack of attention to these traditions is more salient. This contrasts with observations about non-school contexts. Spanish and French young people can nowadays easily engage with varied cultural traditions in poetry which circulate in poetry events and social media. Interviewees confirmed these observations but also raised issues about Spanish and French poetry education that need to be dealt with so as to improve school attention to mixed cultural heritages in poetry. The main contribution to knowledge of this thesis consists in identifying the underused and unexplored educational potential of French and Spanish poetry currently available for young people that can be fruitfully approached using postcolonial lenses. The evaluation of the information gathered in this research reveals that dominant French and Spanish approaches to poetry and limited poetry repertoires hinder the visibility of some contemporary forms of poetry and restrain the effectiveness of some poetry already present in mainstream poetry corpora. However, the comparison of scenarios shows that France offers more accessible and relevant ‘places of enunciation ’ than Spain does for poets to address young people. For instance, comparing contexts, French young people have easier access and more support than Spanish youth to engage with poets’ expressions of being culturally displaced.CEDIES (Luxembourg Ministry of Education

La piratería digital: legalidad o moralidad

En pleno siglo XXI el constante desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías y su expansión ha llevado al mundo a un proceso de globalización cada vez más marcado. Esto ha provocado la aparición de diferentes opciones y nuevos usos de la tecnología, más concretamente en Internet. Este trabajo, responde a la intención de indagar en el fenómeno social de la piratería digital. Esta se encuentra en auge debido a la rápida extensión de las nuevas tecnologías y, en principio, constituye un grave atentado contra los derechos de autor. El objetivo central de la investigación es analizar la manera en la que la piratería afecta en la actualidad a los hábitos de consumo, en cuanto a contenidos digitales (películas, música, libros, juegos…) y a la situación económica de la sociedad española.Departamento de Sociología y Trabajo SocialGrado en Marketing e Investigación de Mercado

Experience and lessons of learning intervention programmes across the PAL Network members

This report provides an analytical overview of the learning interventions that PAL Network members have developed over recent years. These interventions share two common principles. First, they work from children’s actual, rather than expected, learning levels. This is based on the approach most commonly known as Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL), which entails grouping children by current ability and using pedagogical approaches tailored to each group’s level. Second, they treat education as a collective responsibility shared between citizens, communities, governments and school systems. Interventions work to bring these stakeholders together to view education as a collective responsibility that requires collective solutions

The role of Spanish health libraries in scientific publication

Health libraries have been established as publication support services. Despite its importance, there is currently no study about the services that these centers offer. The aim of this work is to understand the role that libraries play in institutional scientific publishing policies. The sample was taken from the National Catalogue of Hospitals, the list of libraries of the Catalogue of Periodicals in Spanish Health Sciences Libraries (c17) and the National Catalogue of Health Sciences Publications (CNCS). Subsequently, virtual health libraries have also been incorporated. From this list, a questionnaire about library staff and activities related to publication process was sent. We obtained a participation rate of 61.21%. The average number of technical personnel was 1.15 in virtual libraries and 0.81 in hospital libraries. The activities carried out have been: training activities (82.2%), counselling (90.1%), dissemination (30.7%) and evaluation (50.5%). The staff in libraries are insufficient. In many cases technicians assume an overwork of serving in both (virtual and hospital libraries). Most libraries offer training and research support services although there are differences between virtual and hospital ones. There is a relationship between the number of technicians and the publication support services

Comparative secretome analysis of rat stomach under different nutritional status

The fact that gastric surgery is at the moment the most effective treatment to fight against obesity highlights the relevance of gastric derived proteins as potential targets to treat this pathology. Taking advantage of a previously established gastric explant model for endocrine studies, the proteomic analysis of gastric secretome was performed. To validate this gastric explant system for proteomic analysis, the identification of ghrelin, a classical gastric derived peptide, was performed by MS. In addition, the differential analysis of gastric secretomes under differential nutritional status (control feeding vs fasting vs re-feeding) was performed. The MS identified proteins are showed in the present manuscript. The data supplied in this article is related to the research article entitled "Comparative secretome analysis of rat stomach under different nutritional status" (L.L. Senin, A. Roca-Rivada, C. Castelao, J. Alonso, C. Folgueira, F.F. Casanueva, M. Pardo, L.M. Seoane Comparative secretome analysis of rat stomach under different nutritional status J. Proteomics (2015))

Energy communities in rural areas : The participatory case study of Vega de Valcarce, Spain

This study follows a multi-disciplinary approach to implementing an Energy Community (ECs) in Vega de Valcarce, a rural community in Spain. ECs are entities that encompass collective actions of citizens and other actors towards the open, democratic governance of renewable energy sources; ECs can take various technical and organisational forms. This study developed and evaluated socially accepted, technically optimal and feasible options for the implementation of the EC at Vega de Valcarce. We conducted a participatory multi-criteria analysis incorporating the results of mixed-integer linear programming for energy system optimisation and regulatory analysis of ECs under Spanish law. Our study showed that the main objectives of local stakeholders are the reduction of the energy bill and emissions. The limited liability company fulfilled legal and regulatory restrictions the best by implementing a bigger-sized EC. We summarise the key challenges of implementing an EC in a rural context, mainly legal and financial, and conclude with recommendations on how to overcome these. While contributing to understanding the roll-out of ECs in Spain and Europe, our research aims to provide a structured approach for the uptake of renewable energy in rural areas

Valuation and barriers in the integration of the e-portafolio in the process of initial practice by teachers and students of higher education

Fortalecer la formación del estudiante con herramientas que potencien competencias del siglo XXI, fue un desafío que se abordó con la integración paulatina del portafolio electrónico en el proceso de formación profesional de estudiantes de pedagogía en las prácticas de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de las Américas. Este artículo muestra los principales resultados y análisis de la implementación del portafolio electrónico. Se trabajó con análisis cualitativo para dar cuenta de manera holística, las complejas relaciones que se produjeron al incorporar los portafolios electrónicos a las prácticas. Los principales resultados destacan que la integración del e-portfolio facilitó la reflexión, el trabajo colaborativo, fue un espacio digital donde se publicaron una recopilación de los trabajos académicos de los estudiantes, apoyando la autenticidad del estudiante a partir de los cuales los docentes pudieron valorar los esfuerzos, progresos y logros de los estudiantes en la práctica en la que se encontraban. Se valora de manera especial el acompañamiento y la retroalimentación otorgada por los docentes y se visibilizan ciertas resistencias propias de la integración de la tecnología en procesos educativos, principalmente de segundo orden que responden a creencias,valoraciones negativas sobre el uso de la tecnología. Se concluye que la integración del e-portafolio, tiene que considerar procesos de formación, acompañamiento y propuestas innovadoras para enfrentar principalmente las barreras o resistencias presentes principalmente en los docentes.Strengthening the student's training with tools that enhance 21st century competencies was a challenge that was addressed with the gradual integration of the electronic portfolio in the process of professional training of students of pedagogy in the practices of the Faculty of Education of the University of Americas. This article shows the main results and analysis of the electronic portfolio implementation. We worked with qualitative analysis to give a holistic account of the complex relationships that occurred when incorporating electronic portfolios into practices. The main results highlight that the integration of the eportfolio facilitated the reflection, the collaborative work, was a digital space where a compilation of the academic work of the students was published, supporting the authenticity of the students from which the teachers could evaluate The efforts, progress and achievements of the students in the practice in which they were. Special attention is given to the accompaniment and feedback given by teachers and to the visibility of certain resistances inherent to the integration of technology into educational processes, mainly of the second order, which respond to beliefs, negative evaluations of the use of technology. It is concluded that the integration of the e-portfolio, has to consider processes of formation, accompaniment and innovative proposals to face mainly the barriers or resistances present mainly in the teachers

Generation of the Thymine Triplet State by Through-Bond Energy Transfer

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 7004 7011, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201900830. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Benzophenone (BP) and drugs containing the BP chromophore, such as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen, have been widely reported as DNA photo-sensitizers through triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET). In the present work, a direct spectroscopic fingerprint for the formation of the thymine triplet ((3)Thy*) by through-bond (TB) TTET from (BP)-B-3* has been uncovered. This has been achieved in two new systems that have been designed and synthesized with one BP and one thymine (Thy) covalently linked to the two ends of the rigid skeleton of the natural bile acids cholic and lithocholic acid. The results shown here prove that it is possible to achieve triplet energy transfer to a Thy unit even when the photosensitizer is at a long (non-bonding) distance.Financial support from the Spanish Government (Grant SEV-2016-0683 and Projects CTQ2012-38754-C03-03 and CTQ2015-70164P), the Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo Program), and the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (pre-doctoral FPI fellowship for P.M.) is gratefully acknowledged.Miró, P.; Gomez-Mendoza, M.; Sastre Navarro, GI.; Cuquerella Alabort, MC.; Miranda Alonso, MÁ.; Marín García, ML. (2019). Generation of the Thymine Triplet State by Through-Bond Energy Transfer. Chemistry - A European Journal. 25(28):7004-7011. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201900830S700470112528Mouret, S., Baudouin, C., Charveron, M., Favier, A., Cadet, J., & Douki, T. (2006). Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers are predominant DNA lesions in whole human skin exposed to UVA radiation. 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Nature, 412(6844), 318-320. doi:10.1038/35085542Giese, B. (2000). Long-Distance Charge Transport in DNA:  The Hopping Mechanism. Accounts of Chemical Research, 33(9), 631-636. doi:10.1021/ar990040bTakada, T., Kawai, K., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2004). Direct observation of hole transfer through double-helical DNA over 100 A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(39), 14002-14006. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402756101Takada, T., Kawai, K., Cai, X., Sugimoto, A., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2004). Charge Separation in DNA via Consecutive Adenine Hopping. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(4), 1125-1129. doi:10.1021/ja035730wTakada, T., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2007). Single-molecule observation of DNA charge transfer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(27), 11179-11183. doi:10.1073/pnas.0700795104Kawai, K., & Majima, T. (2013). Hole Transfer Kinetics of DNA. 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J., Fujitsuka, M., Kawai, K., & Majima, T. (2011). Direct Measurement of the Dynamics of Excess Electron Transfer through Consecutive Thymine Sequence in DNA. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133(39), 15320-15323. doi:10.1021/ja2068017Lin, S.-H., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2016). Excess-Electron Transfer in DNA by a Fluctuation-Assisted Hopping Mechanism. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 120(4), 660-666. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10857Manetto, A., Breeger, S., Chatgilialoglu, C., & Carell, T. (2006). Complex Sequence Dependence by Excess-Electron Transfer through DNA with Different Strength Electron Acceptors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 45(2), 318-321. doi:10.1002/anie.200502551Manetto, A., Breeger, S., Chatgilialoglu, C., & Carell, T. (2006). Komplexe Sequenzabhängigkeit beim Transport von Überschusselektronen durch DNA mit verschieden starken Acceptoren. Angewandte Chemie, 118(2), 325-328. doi:10.1002/ange.200502551Heil, K., Pearson, D., & Carell, T. (2011). Chemical investigation of light induced DNA bipyrimidine damage and repair. Chem. Soc. Rev., 40(8), 4271-4278. doi:10.1039/c000407nHaas, C., Kräling, K., Cichon, M., Rahe, N., & Carell, T. (2004). Excess Electron Transfer Driven DNA Does Not Depend on the Transfer Direction. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 43(14), 1842-1844. doi:10.1002/anie.200353067Haas, C., Kräling, K., Cichon, M., Rahe, N., & Carell, T. (2004). Excess Electron Transfer Driven DNA Does Not Depend on the Transfer Direction. Angewandte Chemie, 116(14), 1878-1880. doi:10.1002/ange.200353067Carell, T. (1995). Sunlight-Damaged DNA Repaired with Sunlight. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 34(22), 2491-2494. doi:10.1002/anie.199524911Carell, T. (1995). Reparatur von sonnenlichtgeschädigter DNA mit Sonnenlicht. Angewandte Chemie, 107(22), 2697-2700. doi:10.1002/ange.19951072207Breeger, S., Hennecke, U., & Carell, T. (2004). Excess Electron-Transfer-Based Repair of a Cis-Syn Thymine Dimer in DNA Is Not Sequence Dependent. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(5), 1302-1303. doi:10.1021/ja038358tCuquerella, M. C., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Cadet, J., & Miranda, M. A. (2012). Benzophenone Photosensitized DNA Damage. Accounts of Chemical Research, 45(9), 1558-1570. doi:10.1021/ar300054eDelatour, T., Douki, T., D’Ham, C., & Cadet, J. (1998). Photosensitization of thymine nucleobase by benzophenone through energy transfer, hydrogen abstraction and one-electron oxidation. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 44(3), 191-198. doi:10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00142-0Schreier, W. J., Schrader, T. E., Koller, F. O., Gilch, P., Crespo-Hernandez, C. E., Swaminathan, V. N., … Kohler, B. (2007). Thymine Dimerization in DNA Is an Ultrafast Photoreaction. Science, 315(5812), 625-629. doi:10.1126/science.1135428Schreier, W. J., Kubon, J., Regner, N., Haiser, K., Schrader, T. E., Zinth, W., … Gilch, P. (2009). Thymine Dimerization in DNA Model Systems: Cyclobutane Photolesion Is Predominantly Formed via the Singlet Channel. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131(14), 5038-5039. doi:10.1021/ja900436tSandros, K., Haglid, F., Ryhage, R., Ryhage, R., & Stevens, R. (1964). Transfer of Triplet State Energy in Fluid Solutions. III. Reversible Energy Transfer. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 18, 2355-2374. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.18-2355Douki, T., Bérard, I., Wack, A., & Andrä, S. (2014). Contribution of Cytosine-Containing Cyclobutane Dimers to DNA Damage Produced by Photosensitized Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer. Chemistry - A European Journal, 20(19), 5787-5794. doi:10.1002/chem.201303905Gut, I. G., Wood, P. D., & Redmond, R. W. (1996). Interaction of Triplet Photosensitizers with Nucleotides and DNA in Aqueous Solution at Room Temperature. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 118(10), 2366-2373. doi:10.1021/ja9519344Miro, P., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Marin, M. L., & Miranda, M. A. (2015). Photosensitized Thymine Dimerization via Delocalized Triplet Excited States. Chemistry - A European Journal, 21(47), 17051-17056. doi:10.1002/chem.201502719Encinas, S., Belmadoui, N., Climent, M. J., Gil, S., & Miranda, M. A. (2004). Photosensitization of Thymine Nucleobase by Benzophenone Derivatives as Models for Photoinduced DNA Damage:  Paterno−Büchi vs Energy and Electron Transfer Processes. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 17(7), 857-862. doi:10.1021/tx034249gTrzcionka, J., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Paris, C., Belmadoui, N., Climent, M. J., & Miranda, M. A. (2007). Model Studies on a Carprofen Derivative as Dual Photosensitizer for Thymine Dimerization and (6–4) Photoproduct Repair. ChemBioChem, 8(4), 402-407. doi:10.1002/cbic.200600394Joseph, A., Prakash, G., & Falvey, D. E. (2000). Model Studies of the (6−4) Photoproduct Photolyase Enzyme:  Laser Flash Photolysis Experiments Confirm Radical Ion Intermediates in the Sensitized Repair of Thymine Oxetane Adducts. 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Real-world Performance of a New Strategy for Off-Label Use of Guselkumab in Moderate to Severe Psoriasis: Super-Responder Patients as the Epitome of Efficacy and Optimisation

Background Guselkumab is a drug used to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. However, real-life clinical data on its of-label use are limited, especially regarding the optimal drug dosage regimen for diferent patient profles. Objective The main objective of this real-world, single-centre, retrospective study was to identify the of-label guselkumab dosing regimen used in clinical practice. The study also aimed to evaluate the drug's efcacy, safety, and survival, as well as the proportion of super-responders (SR) based on a newly proposed defnition. Methods The study included 69 patients who started treatment with guselkumab between March 2019 and July 2021. Patients were followed up until April 2022, during which time their efcacy, safety, persistence, and use of guselkumab were recorded. Patients were aged ≥ 18 years and had moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Results The mean disease duration was 18.6 years, and 59% of patients had received at least one biologic treatment before guselkumab with a mean of 1.3 biologics per patient. The initial absolute Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was 10.1 and decreased to 2.1 between Week 11–20 without signifcant changes in the PASI value throughout the 90 weeks of followup. The cumulative probability of drug survival was 93.5% at Week 52. No diferences were found in terms of efcacy and survival associated with the of-label drug dosage regimens compared to the doses described in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). The greatest adjustments in the drug administration regimen were achieved in the subgroups of bionaïve and SR patients, with a reduction in the number of administrations by 40% and 47% compared to the regimen described in the SmPC. Super-response to guselkumab was mainly associated with patients naïve to previous biologic treatment. Conclusion The study demonstrated that of-label use of guselkumab was safe and efective in real-life clinical practice. The fndings suggest that adjustments to the drug administration regimen may be necessary to optimise its use in diferent patient profles, especially in SR and bio-naïve patients. Further studies are needed to confrm these fnding

Permeation Protection by Waterproofing Mucosal Membranes

The permeability of the oral or nasal mucosa is higher than that of the skin. Mucosa permeabilitydepends mainly on the thickness and keratinization degree of the tissues. Their permeabilitybarrier is conditioned by the presence of certain lipids. This work has the main aim of reinforcing thebarrier effect of oral mucosa with a series of formulations to reduce permeation. Transmembranewater loss of different formulations was evaluated, and three of them were selected to be tested onthe sublingual mucosa permeation of drugs. Caffeine, ibuprofen, dexamethasone, and ivermectinwere applied on porcine skin, mucosa, and modified mucosa in order to compare the effectiveness ofthe formulations. A similar permeation profile was obtained in the different membranes: caffeine> ibuprofen~dexamethasone > ivermectin. The most efficient formulation was a liposomal formulationcomposed of lipids that are present in the skin stratum corneum. Impermeability providedby this formulation was notable mainly for the low-molecular-weight compounds, decreasing theirpermeability coefficient by between 40 and 80%. The reinforcement of the barrier function of mucosaprovides a reduction or prevention of the permeation of different actives, which could be extrapolatedto toxic compounds such as viruses, contaminants, toxins, etc.</p