Influence of Dental Status, Age and Gender on the Cortical Width of the Lower Border of the Mandible and Mandibular Cortical Index

Svrha istraživanja bila je odrediti utjecaj dentalnog statusa, dobi i spola na mentalni (MI) i mandibularni kortikalni indeks (MCI). Oba su određena na temelju 120 ortopantomograma. Rezultati: Srednja vrijednost indeksa MI bila je najviša kod pacijenata s potpunom denticijom, niža kod onih s djelomičnom ozubljenošću (Kennedyjeva klasa I), a najniža kod potpuno bezubih. Post-hoc testovi pokazali su statistički značajnu razliku za indeks MI na objema stranama između Kennedyjeve klase I i potpuno ozubljenih pacijenata (p≤0 ,001) te između potpuno ozubljenih i bezubih pacijenata (p≤0,001), ali ne i između Kennedyjeve klase I i potpuno bezubih pacijenata (p=0,470). Potpuno ozubljeni pacijenti ujedno su bili i najmlađa skupina pacijenata. Pacijentice su imale mnogo niže vrijednosti indeksa od pacijenata. Hi-kvadrat test pokazao je statistički značajnu razliku za indeks MCI između skupina pacijenata različitog dentalnog statusa, ali ne i između onih grupiranih prema spolu. Zaključak: Dentalni status i godine mogu utjecati na MI i MCI.Material and methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of dental status, age and gender on the mental (MI) and mandibular cortical indices (MCI). The mental index and the mandibular cortical index were determined on 120 panoramic radiographs. Results: Mean MI values were the highest in patients with full dentition, lower in patients who were partially dentate (Kennedy Class I) and the lowest in patients who were completely edentulous. Post-hoc tests indicated statistically significant difference for MI on both sides between Kennedy I and fully dentate subjects (p≤0.001), as well as between fully dentate and completely edentulous subjects (p≤0.001), but not between Kennedy I and completely edentulous subjects (p=0.470). Fully dentate subjects were also the youngest group. Females had significantly lower values than males. Chi-square test demonstrated a statistically significant difference for MCI between dental status groups, but not between different genders. Conclusion: MI and MCI may be affected by dental status and age

Correlation of the Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorder in Adolescent Athletes and Non- Athletes

Svrha: Željela se odrediti povezanost u rasprostranjenosti simptoma temporomandibularnih poremećaja kod sportaša i nesportaša u adolescentnoj dobi. Materijali i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 90 mladića podijeljenih u dvije skupine – eksperimentalnu (srednjoškolci od 15 do 18 godina koji su trenirali nogomet tri puta na tjedan ili češće) i kontrolnu (također srednjoškolci u istoj dobi, no ne treniraju ništa ili u tjednu vježbaju do jedan sat). Svi sudionici testirani su prema protokolu RDC/TMD Axis I. Rezultati: Pronađena je statistički značajna razlika u vertikalnoj dimenziji nepotpomognutog otvaranja usta bez bolova (p= 0,000), maksimalnog nepotpomognutog otvaranja usta (p=0,000) i potpomognutog otvaranja usta kod sportaša (p= 0,000). Nesportaši su skloniji noćnom škripanju zubima (p= 0,041) te češće pate od glavobolja i migrena (p= 0,027). Adolescenti sportaši imali su bolje oralno zdravlje (χ2= 17,390, p = 0,004) i značajno slabije mišiće (χ2= 6070, p = 0,048).The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders of adolescent athletes and adolescent non-athletes. Material and methods: The study included 90 male subjects who were divided into two groups: experimental (high school students aged from 15-18 years who practiced soccer, three or more times a week) and control (high school students aged from 15-18 years who do not practice sports activities for more than one hour a week or they are not involved in sports at all) groups. All subjects were tested according to Axis I of RDC/TMD protocol. Results: Statistically significantly difference was found in the size of the vertical range of motion at unassisted opening without pain (p=0.000), at maximum unassisted mouth opening (p=0.000) and at maximum assisted mouth opening in athletes (p=0.000). Non-athletes were more likely to report teeth grinding at night (p=0.041), and more headaches and migraines (p=0.027). Adolescent athletes had better oral health (χ2= 17,390, p =0.004) and significantly higher muscle weakness (χ2= 6070, p = 0.048)

Measurements of Implant Stability Following Sinus Lift: A Pilot Clinical Study

Svrha: U ovom se istraživanju željela procijeniti stabilnost implantata Bredent Sky Blue različitih promjera nakon podizanja dna sinusa. Materijali i metode: U istraživanju su sudjelovala devetorica pacijenata s indikacijama za jednostrano ili obostrano podizanje dna sinusa. Augmentacijski materijali korišteni u ovom postupku bili su MinerOss® Cortical - Cancellous te Ossceram nano. Rezultati: Svi su se implantati pokazali uspješnima. ISQ vrijednosti mjerene su mjeračem Osstell ISQ, a bile su između 68 i 84. Srednje vrijednosti stabilnosti implantata Bredent Sky Blue različitih promjera nakon podizanja dna sinusa iznosile su 77,73 ± 2,93 (MD) i 77,98 ± 2,72 (VO).Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant stability of Bredent Sky Blue implants of different diameters following one stage sinus lift procedure. Material and methods: This study included 9 male patients with an existing indication for unilateral or bilateral sinus lift procedure. As grafting materials, combination of allograft material MinerOss® cortical & cancellous and Ossceram nano were used. Results: All implants were considered successful and ISQ levels were measured by Osstell ISQ device. The ISQ values were from 68 to 84. The mean values of stability of Bredent Sky Blue implants of different diameters following one stage sinus lift procedure were 77.73 ± 2.93 (MD) and 77.98 ± 2.72 (VO)

Knowledge of coronavirus 2019 and stress with oral health-care personnel of the Faculty of dentistry in Sarajevo: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Dentists and generally dental personnel work under the risk of being infected by patients suffering from coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), who are unaware that they are infected. The reason lies in the fact that during dental procedures, aerosol is formed with droplets that may contain the virus. Thus, it is extremely important that dental personnel comply with adequate protective measures and equipment during clinical work. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the knowledge of COVID-19 and to determine the amount of stress with dental personnel of the Faculty of Dentistry in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: Health-care personnel of the Faculty of Dentistry with Clinics of the University in Sarajevo has been included in the research: teaching staff, clinical doctors, dental nurses, and dental technicians. The research was conducted in April 2020. It was conducted by an anonymous survey that participant’s filled-in. Out of 157 distributed questionnaires in paper form, 134 participants responded. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: (1) personal data; (2) knowledge of infection COVID-19 (diagnostic methods, transmission pathways, and prevention measures); and (3) the amount of stress (feelings and thoughts) during epidemic COVID-19 with personnel.Results: The largest number of participants (61.97%) considers that COVID-19 may be transmitted from infected to a healthy person by inhalation of droplets generated through coughing of an infected person and by direct contact with aerosol dispersed from the mouth of the infected patient during dental treatment. The largest number of participants, 80 of them (59.7%) considers that the method of nucleic acid test is used in diagnosing COVID-19. COVID – 19 had a significantly larger influence on females; they showed higher extent of concern for the claim „I hardly fall asleep because of thinking about it,“ „I try not to talk on this topic“ and „In my mind appear pictures in relation to this“ (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Knowledge of COVID-19 and measures of protection of health-care personnel at the Faculty of dentistry with Clinics in Sarajevo is satisfactory. The largest fear of participants was fear of unconsciously transmitting the infection on people close to them and that members of their families become infected with COVID-19

Comparison of values of crestal bone loss around dental implants: A comparative study

Introduction: Many studies have examined values of crestal bone loss according surgical techniques, time of implant placement (immediate post-extraction or after alveolar socket healing), platform switching or convectional platform, surface of the implant, functional loading (immediate or delayed), etc. Methods: This study analyzed a total of 443 dental implants on 115 images: 161 Bredent blueSKY dental implants and 282 Ritter spiral dental implants. All images were taken at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Sarajevo: before implantation and after 1 year of functional loading. Crestal bone loss was measured on the mesial and distal side of each implant from the coronal portion of the abutment to the noticeable margin of the alveolar bone. Results: There is statistically significant differences between Bredent blueSKY and Ritter spiral dental implants regarding mesial (p < 0.001, df = 441, tstat = −64.22) and distal (p < 0.001, df = 441, tstat = −151.21) bone losses. Conclusion: Platform switching dental implants showed more bone loss on the mesial and distal side of implant than dental implants with conventional platform

Radiological Evaluation of Dental Age Assessment Based on the Development of Third Molars in Population of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sažetak: Razvoj trećih kutnjaka koristan je pri procjeni dentalne dobi u adolescentnom i ranom adultnom razdoblju. Svrha: Ispitali smo ponovljivost i točnost triju radiografskih metoda za određivanja dentalne dobi (Olze, Demirjian, Solari i Abramovitch) i procijenili koja je učinkovitija. Također smo obavili testiranje kako bismo pronašli povezanost između procijenjene dentalne i kronološke dobi s pomoću tih triju metoda.Materijal i metode: Ortopantomograme (OPG-e) 1007 po-jedinaca (8 – 25 godina) podijelili smo u dvije skupine (oko 500 OPG-ova) – jedna skupina sadržavala je sva četiri treća kutnjaka, a u drugoj su se nalazile OPG snimke s hipodoncijom jednoga, dvaju ili triju trećih kutnjaka. Te su snimke analizirane kako bi se potvrdila točnost svih triju metoda (Ol-ze, Demirjian te Solari i Abramovitch) za procjenu dobi na temelju razvoja trećeg kutnjaka. Rezul-tati: Zabilježena je visoka statistička značajnost Spearmanova koeficijenta korelacije između razvo-jnih stadija trećeg kutnjaka i kronološke dobi ispitanika. Zaključak: Na temelju dobivenih rezultata preporučuje se korištenje trećih kutnjaka pri procjeni dentalne dobi metodama prema Olzeu, Demir-jianu te prema Solariju i Abramovitchu na populaciji iz Bosne i Hercegovine.Objectives: The development of third molars can be helpful in dental age estimation of adolescents and in early adult period. We tested the repeatability and accuracy of the three dental age radio-graphic methods (Olze, Demirjian and Solari and Abramovitch) and evaluated which method is more useful. We also aimed at testing to find the correlation of estimated dental and chronological age by these three methods. Material and methods: The orthopantomographs (OPGs) of 1007 individuals (8 - 25 years) were divided into two groups (cca 500 OPGs) – one group of OPGs has been presented with all four third molars, while another one was registered with third molar/s hypodontia. And all of OPGs were assessed, to verify the three methods (Olze, Demirjian and Solari and Abramovitch) for age estimation based on third molar development. Results: There was a high Spearman’s correlation coefficient between stages of development of wisdom tooth and chronological age of subjects by all these three methods. Conclusion: We may recommend using third molars for assessing the dental age by Olze, Demirjian and Solari and Abramovitch dental method as well, on Bosnian and Herzegovinian population

Vestibular bone thickness of the mandible in relation to the mandibular canal in a population from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction: Dental implantology is the branch of dentistry that is gaining greater significance because a larger number of patients come with requests of implant placements. During dental implant placements, with patients with whom operation is carried out in the mandible, very frequently nervus alveolaris inferior can be injured. The nerve injury may occur during the implant placement, but the nerve may also be injured in case of harvesting of intraoral bone graft. During the bone graft harvesting, but also during any other procedure in the dentistry that entails working on vestibular side of corpus of the mandible, in order not to injure the nervus alveolaris inferior, it is important to familiarize oneself with the distance of the nerve from the outer vestibular cortex of the mandible. The objective of the study was to assess the vestibular bone thickness of the mandible in relation to the mandibular canal with the help of analysis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: It was accessed the database of CBCT images taken at the School of Dental Medicine at the University of Sarajevo, where out of 700 reviewed CBCT images, an analysis of 322 CBCT images was conducted that satisfied inclusion criteria of the study. CBCT images were taken using of ORTHOPHOS SLX imaging unit. The measurement was conducted by Sidexis program on cross-section of CBCT image. The measurement of vestibular bone thickness was performed, by measuring the distance from the lateral wall of the mandibular canal to buccal mandibular compact bone, in the region of the second premolar, of the first and the second molar. Results: There were statistically significant differences in vestibular bone thickness between men and women on both sides in the region of the second premolar (p < 0.001) and first molar (p = 0.016 right, p = 0.018 left). T-test demonstrated no statistically significant difference in the vestibular bone thickens between men and women on either side in the case of vestibular bone thickness of the center of the second molar (p = 0.397 right, p = 0.743 left). Conclusion: Values of vestibular thickness of the mandible are larger with men than with women in all measuring points; however, statistically more significant differences between genders have been detected in the second premolar and center of the first molar

Radiographic Evaluation of Crestal Bone Loss Around Dental Implants in Maxilla and Mandible: One Year Prospective Clinical Study

Svrha: Godinu dana nakon ugradnje želio se analizirati gubitak alveolarne kosti u maksili i mandibuli oko implantata BREDENT Sky Blue različitih dimenzija. Materijali i metode: U maksilu je bilo umetnuto 36 implantata promjera 3,5 x 10 mm, a u mandibulu 12. Uz to, 52 implantata promjera 4,0 x 8 mm ugrađena su u maksilu i 61 u mandibulu (dvostupanjska implantacijska operacija). Rezultati: Nije bilo statističke razlike u gubitku kosti između maksile desno i lijevo te mandibule desno i lijevo na mjestima implantacije mezijalno i distalno. Rezultati su dobiveni analizom varijance (ANOVA). Zaključak: Statistički značajna razlika u gubitku kosti zabilježena je između maksile sprijeda i straga te mandibule sprijeda i straga na mjestima implantacije distalno i mezijalno. Rezultati su dobiveni analizom varijance (ANOVA).Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the amount of maxillary and mandibular crestal bone loss around Bredent Sky Blue type of implants of different dimensions one year after implantation. Materials and Methods: 36 implants of diameter 3.5 x 10 mm were inserted in the maxilla and 12 in the mandible. 52 implants of diameter 4.0 x 8 mm were inserted in the maxilla, and 61 in the mandible (two-stage implant surgery). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the right and left side of the maxilla and between the right and left side of the mandible at the implant sites regarding distal and mesial bone losses as shown by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Conclusion: Statistically significant differences were found between anterior maxilla, posterior maxilla and anterior mandible and posterior mandible at implant sites regarding distal and mesial bone losses as shown by analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Association between stress and self-reported bruxism among students from University of Sarajevo during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: Stress among students is a growing problem. As emotional stress increases, the limbic structures and hypothalamus are stimulated, activating the gamma efferent system, which ultimately leads to an increase in muscle tone or additional muscle activity that can become repetitive behaviors such as bruxism. The aim of the study was to investigate the stress level that students are exposed to, to determine the difference between students in terms of gender, faculty, and year of study, and to evaluate the possible relationship between stress level and self-reported bruxism in college students during the pandemic COVID-19. Methods: In April 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of students from the Faculty of Dentistry and the Faculty of Pharmacy at the University of Sarajevo (BiH). The students answered a questionnaire consisting of two parts: The first part contained questions on basic personal data and data on self-reported bruxism and the second part contained questions on the perceived stress scale (PSS). Results: The study included 756 students from both faculties. Analysis of stress levels among students revealed higher stress levels. Female students were more likely to be under stress than male respondents. Students in the Faculty of Pharmacy were more likely to be stressed than students in the Faculty of Dentistry. At the Faculty of Pharmacy, there was no difference in stress levels between the different years of study, while at the Faculty of Dentistry, the individual score for PSS was highest among 1st-year students. A high prevalence (46.8%) of self-reported bruxism was found among students in both faculties. Conclusion: A slight positive correlation between self-reported bruxism and stress suggests that it is important to implement stress management strategies during academic education and to prevent bruxism and its consequences