A novel and facile method for silica nanoparticles synthesis from high temperature vulcanization (HTV) silicon

This study is introducing a facile and novel method for synthesis of amorphous silica nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized by pyrolysis and combustion of high temperature vulcanization (HTV) silicone at 700 oC for 1 h. The products were investigated employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmett and Teller (BET) test and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results indicated that the method is capable of synthesis of amorphous silica nanoparticles with sizes of mostly between 10 and 50 nm

A Comparative Study of "Happiness" in View of Mulla Sadra and Spinoza

"Happiness" has always been and has long been the focus of human beings in general and famous thinkers in particular; what, how, bases, ways of obtaining, attracting and preserving it has been discussed. The present article deals with the analytic-inferential way of discussing the views of two philosophers of the same age (Mulla Sadra and Spinoza) in the field of Islamic thought and Western philosophy. The purpose of this comparison and adaptation, while expressing the origin and purpose of the two in this regard, was to pay attention to the intellectual foundations of each one, while also explaining their points of sharing, including the acquired and gradual divorce of happiness, the value of longevity and the type of perception of it and difference in the sense of intuitive knowledge, rational happiness and the unity of being. The result is that the comprehensiveness, harmony and solidity of Sadra's thinking is clearly evident as his attitude towards the discussion of happiness in the context of revelation and revelation-based rationality is evident, the scope of discussion of happiness will not only be the world, which will include the hereafter, while Spinoza has looked at happiness from the point of view of rationality and self-conception

A novel and facile method for silica nanoparticles synthesis from high temperature vulcanization (HTV) silicon

This study is introducing a facile and novel method for synthesis of amorphous silica nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized by pyrolysis and combustion of high temperature vulcanization (HTV) silicone at 700 oC for 1 h. The products were investigated employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmett and Teller (BET) test and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results indicated that the method is capable of synthesis of amorphous silica nanoparticles with sizes of mostly between 10 and 50 nm

The Relationship between Blood Lead Levels and Clinical Features among Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Isfahan, Iran

Lead (Pb) is one of the most likely toxicants that could be potentially a risk factor in the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) through changes in the immune system. The purpose of the study was to describe the clinical features of MS in general and for sub-groups stratified for gender, age, residence, disease duration, disability degree, clinical diagnosis in Isfahan, Iran and also, to elucidate the relationship between the blood Pb level and the development of MS. Blood samples of 48 patients (20 to 57 years) were selected from the department of neurology of the Kashani hospital in Isfahan, Iran and were analyzed for Pb using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The clinical and demographic characteristics in our study were similar to those in other reports. The blood Pb level in 70.83% of the total population wa

Antibacterial magnetic nanoparticles for therapeutics: a review

Along with the extensive range of exotic nanoparticle (NPs) applications, investigation of magnetic NPs (MNPs) in vitro has ushered modern antibacterial studies into an increasingly attractive research area. A great number of microorganisms exist in the size scales from nanometre to micrometre regions. The enormous potential of engineered MNPs in therapeutic procedures against various drug‐resistant bacteria has declined the menace of fatal bacterial infections. Many biocompatible MNPs have been introduced that possess remarkable impacts on various bacterial strains. Conventional synthesis methods such as co‐precipitation or hydrothermal techniques have been widely adopted in the production of MNPs. The MNPs for antibacterial applications are mainly required to be superparamagnetic, recyclable and biocompatible. To implement novel strategies in developing new generation antimicrobial magnetic nanomaterials, it is essential to obtain a comprehensive preview of recent achievements in synthesis, proposed antibacterial mechanisms and characterisation techniques of these nanomaterials. This review highlights notable aspects of antibacterial activity in engineered MNPs and nanocomposites including their particle properties (size, shape and saturation magnetisation), antibacterial mechanisms, synthesis methods, testing methods, surface modifications and minimum inhibitory concentrations

<i>Alyssum lepidium</i> mucilage as a new source for electrospinning: production and physicochemical characterisation

The electrospinning technique was used for the nanofiber production of Alyssum lepidium mucilage with acetic acid and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer. Some parameters such as voltage, polymer concentration, tip‐to‐collector distance, and feed rate were optimised and applied for the fabrication of the nanofiber membranes of the seeds mucilage. The scanning electron microscopy images were used to find the optimised conditions for the electrospinning process. It was found that the aqueous solution of Alyssum mucilage/PVA (80:20), voltage (18 kV), polymer concentration (50%), tip‐to‐collector distance (10 cm) and feed rate (0.125 ml/h) could be successfully used to obtain uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 139.9 nm. X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis also proved the presence of the alyssum mucilage/PVA nanofiber. In this study, the used electrospun procedure was biodegradable, inexpensive, non‐toxic, and maintainable enough to optimise the mucilage nanofiber fabrication as a new source, thereby improving the potential application of the nanofiber biomembrane in filtration and medical systems with biocompatible and biodegradable properties

A comprehensive review on nanotechnology's multifaceted applications in sports: enhancing performance, safety, and comfort

Nanotechnology's transformative potential has captured significant attention in the sports industry by offering advanced materials and technologies for enhancing athletic performance. In light of this, nanomaterials are reshaping sports clothing, enhancing breathability, moisture-wicking, and thermal regulation, while minimizing injuries and optimizing comfort. Sports equipment benefits from nanotechnology's improved durability, efficiency, as well as real-time monitoring through nanoSensors This paper provides a comprehensive review on nanotechnology's multifaceted applications in sports, including sports clothing, sports equipment, and monitoring vital signals of sports along with focusing on commercialized products in the global markets. The challenges and future directions in these fields are also discussed, addressing concerns such as safety, durability, environmental impact, cost, and regulatory frameworks. By recognizing and addressing these challenges, nanotechnology can pave the way for innovative advancements in sports, promoting athlete well-being, performance optimization, and injury prevention. This paper also offers valuable insights into the potential of nanotechnology in sports and serves as a foundation for further research and development in this rapidly evolving field

Effect of Etomidate Versus Midazolam-Sodium Thiopental on Attenuating the Cardiovascular Response to Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation

BACKGROUND: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation lead to an increased sympathetic reflex response, which is associated with increased heart rate and blood pressure. This response can be detrimental in patients with myocardial ischemia. This study aimed to investigate the effects of etomidate in comparison to a combination of midazolam and sodium thiopental in reducing the sympathetic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. METHODS: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial study was conducted on two groups of 39 candidates for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced by etomidate (E) 0.3 mg/kg in the first group and sodium thiopental 2.5 mg/kg and midazolam 0.075 mg/kg in the second group (TM); then, the patients were intubated. Laryngoscopy findings and cardiovascular response were evaluated during the study. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (P = 0.82), weight (P = 0.42), height (P = 0.201), body mass index (P = 0.78), gender (P = 0.65), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (P = 0.36), and laryngoscopy view grading (P = 0.83). The average laryngoscopy time in the E group was less than the TM group (P = 0.019). In the TM group, at 10 minutes after intubation, mean diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.029) and mean arterial blood pressure (P = 0.023) were significantly lower; however, at other times, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of adverse responses to laryngoscopy and intubation (P = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study showed that etomidate (E) and a combination of midazolam-sodium thiopental (TM) acted similarly in attenuating the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, and it seems that TM can be used instead of E if needed

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Capparis spinosa L. leaf extract and their antibacterial activity

AbstractPlant extracts have recently been used for nanoparticles green synthesis since they are rich in bioactive compounds. The potential of biomolecules present in plant extracts to reduce metal ions to NPs in a single–step green synthesis process is very important. In this study, we have reported the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by reducing the silver ions present in the solution of silver nitrate by the cell free aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa leaves. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized using C. spinosa extract and the nature of synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X–ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial effect of NPs produced C. spinosa was studied using different pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. From the disc diffusion results, the synthesized silver nanoparticles showed an excellent antibacterial property and a high antimicrobial activity compared to the ionic silver