Review of isostatic pressing methods

In modern society, it is vital to improve quality process and in addition, to reduce cost. This paper is devoted to the production technologies of ceramic products of complex shape, namely, isostatic pressing methods. The information presented in the paper is intended to help the reader to get a sense of isostatic pressing methods; in addition, it can be used when choosing the production technology of an article made from powder materials. The paper describes the main isostatic pressing methods of powder materials, namely, hydrostatic and gasostatic pressing, as well as various methods of quasi-isostatic pressing, which include pressing in thick-walled elastic shells, pressing in thermoplastic polymers and others. The characteristic features, applications, advantages and disadvantages of each method are presented and described. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the possibility of a particular technology to produce ceramic products of complex shape. In addition, the study compares technologies included in the group of isostatic method

Density and microstructural investigation of Ce:YAG ceramic subjected to powerful ultrasonic treatment during the compaction process

The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of the applied pressure, sintering temperature and ultrasonic treatment during the pressing process on the density and microstructure of translucent ceramics based on yttrium-aluminum garnet doped with cerium ions (Ce: YAG) obtained by conventional sintering of pressed compacts. The optimization of manufacturing conditions of the ceramics was carried out. It was shown that the ultrasonic treatment of initial powder in optimal sintering conditions leads to an increase in the relative density and grain size and decrease in the pore size of the sintered ceramics

Manufacturing Optically Transparent Thick Zirconia Ceramics by Spark Plasma Sintering with the Use of Collector Pressing

The efficiency of using the collector pressing scheme in the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process has been confirmed in improving the optical, physical, and mechanical properties of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics with an increased shape factor. An approach for developing a seal surface and determining the optimal method of increasing pressure and temperature during SPS on this surface was used to optimize the consolidation modes of the materials. It has been shown that transparent/translucent YSZ ceramics with an increased shape factor (14 mm in diameter and up to 5 mm in height, h/d = 0.36) can be successfully fabricated by the SPS technique combined with the collector pressing scheme. The optical properties and microhardness of ceramics obtained using the collector scheme are better to the optical properties of ceramics obtained using the conventional uniaxial pressing scheme

Spark plasma sintering of transparent YAG:Ce ceramics with LiF flux

Transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics doped with cerium ions (Ce3+) were successfully synthesized using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process at a temperature of 1600 °C, isothermal exposure 10 minutes, pressure 100 MPa and a heating rate 10 °C/min from a mechanical mixture of powders of yttrium, aluminum, and cerium oxides. Transmittance in the visible range for 1 mm thick samples is above 40 %; in the near infrared is above the 60 %. Vickers hardness was 15±1.05 GPa. The optimal SPS conditions have been discussed and suggested in order to obtain a good combination of density and transmittance