Determining the range of aerobic exercise on a treadmill for male Wistar rats at different ages: A pilot study

The purpose of this study was to determining the range of aerobic exercise on a treadmill for male Wistar rats at different ages. Twelve male Wistar rats were divide in three groups of immature, adults, and old (n= 4 in each). At first session, the rats began to run at a rate of 2 m/min to perform the fatigue test, and the treadmill speed was increased by 2 m/min every 2 minutes. This process of acceleration continued until the rats were no longer able to continue moving on the treadmill and became exhausted. Then, blood lactate of each subject measured immediately and their maximum speed was recorded. After 48 hours of recovery, animal performed maximum recorded speed on a treadmill in three 10-minute steps of 25%, 50% and 75%, respectively. Immediately after each percent blood lactate were measured and recorded. Immature rats at an average speed of 18 m/min were reached to their maximum speed with an average lactate concentration of 8±1.8 mmol/l. Adults rats at an average speed of 36 m/min were reached to their maximum speed with an average lactate concentration of 6.8±0.4 mmol/l. The old rats reached their maximum velocity with an average of 30 m/min with an average lactate concentration of 6.95±0.9 mmol/l. Therefore, it recommended that aerobic exercise in untrained rats start at a light speed, i.e. 25% of their maximum speed, which is lower than the lactate threshold, and gradually continue up to 50% of their maximum speed

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE, AEROBIC POWER AND LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN UNIVERSITY MALES STUDENTS OF DIFFERENT BODY WEIGHT CLASSES

According to these research achievements, there is a meaningful relationship between all variables and the direction of all relationships is negative. By increasing in each of variables of nutrition knowledge, aerobic power and physical activity level the amount of the students body mass index decreases. So we can find out that nutrition knowledge, aerobic power and physical activity level are affected by the nomination of body mass index changing. Also heavy and fat are increasing in the boy students. 9.5% of students are lights 61.5% have normal weight, 21% are heavy and 7.8% are fat. 409 persons were used in this descriptive studying. The questionnaire of demographic information and the body test index was filled for them, and the body mass index (kg.m²) was calculated. The amount of physical activity was tested with physical activity questionnaire (Baeck), the amount of nutrition knowledge according to filling the standard questionnaire of nutrition knowledge (Parmenter & Wardal 1999) and the amount of aerobic Power was measured whit the a strand stairs test. The amount of physical activity, nutrition knowledge and different weight ranking prevalence was considered by statistic witting. According to the key pattern of the information collection about the effective factors on different body weight classes (fat, heavy, normal weight and light); this studying for achieving the information about physical activity and nutrition knowledge pattern, (for stuff model consumption) had done on boy student’s whit different weight ranking in Tonekabon. The average of length, weight and age was been 177±8.35 cm, 74.4±15.95 kg.m², 22.2±3.45. In addition to the most profusions of refers to the normal weight ranking by 252 students and 61.6%, the least refers to the fat ranking by 32 students and 7.8% .The average and the veer of standard of participation examinations in this research show that nutrition knowledge 43.8 ± 7.32, aerobic power 2.47±0.52, physical activity level 7.92±1.27 was achieved.  Article visualizations

Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercises on Anthropometric Indices and Osteocalcin, Leptin, Adiponectin Levels in Overweight Men

Background and Aim: Physical activity causes the releases of bone resorption indices in the bloodstream by the mechanical load on bone, which in interaction with adipokines reduces obesity and prevent its complications. So, the present study aims to compare the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on Anthropometric Indices and osteocalcin, leptin, adiponectin levels in overweight men. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 overweight young healthy men (BMI 28.67±0.96 and age 31.50 ± 2.23) were randomly assigned to control (n = 14), aerobic exercise (n = 13) and resistance exercise (n = 13) groups. Subjects in the exercise group were on 8-week supervised exercise training programme for three sessions per week (aerobic exercise were performed at 60-85% of HRR, and resistance exercise were performed at 55-75% of 1RM). Osteocalcin and adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin) were assessed from fasting blood samples before and after the 8-week exercise programme. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code IR.IAU.RASHT.REC.1396.124 has been approved by research ethics committee at Islamic Azad University, Rasht branch, Iran and also has been registered with code IRCT20180226038876N1 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT). Findings: Aerobic and resistance training led to decrease in anthropometric indices (p0.05). Conclusion: Considering to the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on osteocalcin and adipocytokines level, it seems that both exercise methods can be increasing mechanical load on bone mass and cause to change in energy metabolism and body weight and can be an important factor in decrease of obesity complications

The effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training and sleep regulation on resistance and sensitivity of insulin, body fat percentage, and reaction time in adolescent girls with sleep disorders

Background and Aims: Sleep disorders increase many diseases and a decrease physiological function. This study aimed to compare the effect of the two methods of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and sleep regulation program and a combination of the two on insulin resistance and sensitivity, body fat percentage, and reaction time in adolescents with sleep disorders. Materials and Methods: This is a single-blind and quasi-experimental study was conducted based on an applied research method. In total, 80 female students with sleep disorders (13-17 years old) were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided in four groups (n=20). All subjects participated in the pre-test and post-test sessions for measurements two days before and after the research process, respectively. The participants in the HIIT and combined groups followed the RAST (Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test) program for 4 weeks, three sessions a week, and the sleep regulation and combined groups followed the sleep schedule for 4 weeks, according to the necessary recommendations. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26) and running paired t-test, and ANCOVA. Moreover, a P-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The findings showed that 4 weeks of combined intervention of HIIT+sleep regulation could lead to a significant improvement in all research variables, including glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and sensitivity, pancreatic beta cell function, body fat percentage, and reaction time of girls (P=0.001). In addition, the HIIT group, compared to the sleep regulation and control groups, caused a significant improvement in glucose, insulin resistance and sensitivity, pancreatic beta cell function, body fat percentage, sleep quality, and reaction time (P=0.001), except for insulin (P=0.428). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, HIIT combined with sleep regulation can be a valuable intervention in treatment programs to improve physiologic problems reduce the costs of treatment for adolescent girls with sleep disorders and their families

Comparison of Aquatic Exercise Program and Vitamin D Supplementation on Vitamin D and hs-CRP Serum Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that levels of vitamin D in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are lower than normal ones and it has a reverse relationship with hs-CRP serum levels. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two methods of vitamin D supplementation and aquatic exercise training on vitamin D and hs-CRP serum levels in children with ASD. Materials and methods: In this study, 30 boys with autism spectrum disorder in Rasht with an average age of 10.45 ± 2.83 were voluntarily selected and randomly divided into three groups of supplementation (N=10), aquatic exercise (N=10) and control groups (N=10). Participants in the supplementary group orally received vitamin D supplementation (50,000 units) for ten weeks, once a week. Aquatic exercise group received aquatic exercise training for ten weeks, 60 min/ 2 sessions per week. Serum levels of vitamin D and hs-CRP were measured before and after 10 weeks. For data analysis, ANCOVA was used at the level of p<0.05 and SPSS software, version 21 was utilized. Results: Both ten weeks aquatic exercise and supplementary improved serum levels of hs-CRP in children with autism (p <0.05); However, only vitamin D supplementation improved vitamin D serum levels (p <0.05) and aquatic exercise intervention had no significant effect on vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Aquatic exercise and vitamin D supplementation, as low-cost therapies can reduce the level of hs-CRP and improve the serum level of vitamin D in children with ASD