The role of human factor in incidence and severity of road crashes based on the CART and LR regression: a data mining approach

AbstractAccidents are one of the biggest public health problems in the world. As literature indicated, the traffic accidents were assessed to be most significant health problem in Iran. To date, no serious researches have analyzed high dimensional traffic data In Iran. This paper, therefore, aims to bridge the gap. In this study, the traffic data are analyzed by Data Mining techniques such as Logistic Regression, Classification and Regression Trees. In this paper the impact of such factors were investigated using these techniques. It is hoped that the current research findings will help governments in better road designs and traffic management

Effect of Systemic Granisetron in the Clinical Course of Spinal Anesthesia with Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for Outpatient Cystoscopy

Background: The goals of this study are evaluation the effect of intravenous (IV) granisetron on the duration of sensory and motor block produced by intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine and also post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing outpatient cystoscopy.Methods: 62 patients, undergoing cystoscopy received either 3 mg IV granisetron or placebo 15 minutes before the spinal block. Sensory and motor block were assessed after the intrathecal injection of bupivacaine every 2 minutes until the maximum block was achieved and thereafter every 15 minutes until recovery from the sensory and motor block.Results: Demographic data were not statistically different in the study groups. Duration of sensory and motor block were also not statistically different between the study groups (P = 0.060 and P = 0.070 respectively). No patient in either group had vomiting. Seven patients in saline and zero patient in granisetron group had nausea that was statistically significant (P = 0.040). Time to discharge after surgery was 243 ± 21 and 239 ± 24 minutes in granisetron and control group respectively (P = 0.150).Conclusions: Systemic granisetron had no effect on the duration of sensory and motor block produced by spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine

An Experimental Method for Measuring the Clamping Force in Double Lap Simple Bolted and Hybrid (Bolted-Bonded) Joints

In this research, an experimental method for measuring the clamping force as a result of tightening torque in double lap simple bolted and hybrid (bolted-bonded) joints is proposed. Two types of joints, i.e. double lap simple and hybrid (bolted-bonded) joints were prepared for testing. In order to measure the clamping force or pretension resulting from the tightening torque at different applied torques, for both types of joints, a special experimental method was designed using a steel bush that was placed between the nut and the plate. Two strain gauges were stuck to the outer surface of the bush to measure the compressive axial strain and also the stress in the bush using Hooke’s law. Finally, the axial force in the bush and subsequently the clamping force were determined. The test was repeated three times for each case to obtain the mean value of compressive strains and to determine the corresponding clamping forces. The relationship between the applied tightening torques and the mean value of compressive strains for both types of joints are shown in graphs

Recognition of Inscriptions and Decorations of Safavid Talisman Shirts Preserved in Iranian Museums

Problem Definition: Safavid Talisman shirts are a particular type of ritual clothing, the most prominent feature of which is the extensive use of inscriptions and calligraphy. In addition to the script, all kinds of decorative and symbolic motifs, astronomical signs, and Talisman tables are also used in this shirt. These clothes, as their name implies, were often worn during the war and under armor, and the purpose might be a kind of amulet to achieve conquest and victory on the battlefield.Objective: The purpose of this article is a visual and content analysis of the elements used in the Safavid Talisman shirts to clarify the relationship between the concepts of inscriptions and motifs and to understand the influencing factors on the shirts, taking into account the political, social and cultural conditions of the Safavid period. This study addresses two questions, "What are the features of the Safavid Talisman shirts in terms of visual structure and content, and what inscriptions, motifs, and symbols are used in them?"Research Method: The research method is analytical-historical, and the materials have been collected in library and field studies. The statistical and study community also includes three examples of Talisman shirts from the Safavid period, which are preserved in local and national museums.Results: By examining the samples in the museums of Iran, it was found that the content of the inscriptions and motifs used in the shirts are related to each other, and the themes of the holy texts, symbols, and signs used in them somehow express victory, overcoming enemies, and protection against all kinds of challenging conditions. The political, social, and cultural conditions governing the Safavid period and factors such as religion, superstition, and archaism are among the most critical factors influencing the existing samples. Accordingly, in addition to using calligraphy as the dominant decoration, the use of ancient symbols is also the most important common feature of these artworks

Spatial and temporal changes in physicochemical properties of sediments in Choghakhor wetland

Soil is one of the most important natural resources and foundation of formation and development of human civilized societies. Sediments are also important at receiving organic matter, material budgets and distribution of benthic organisms. As part of the ecological study of Choghakhor Wetland where located in Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtyari Province, some physical and chemical characteristics of sediments in this wetland were studied in relation with benthos environment. Sampling was performed in 10 stations with 3 replicates in each station since April 2010 to March 2011. The results showed that wetland sediments texture at different stations was not differeny and sediments component showed no significant differences between the stations. But the components showed significant differences between the stages. There was no from spring to winter (timing change’s) amounts of organic matter increased and showed the significant differences between seasons. Also sediment’s moisture percent and organic matter in different seasons showed significant differences. There was no significant differences in the sediment texture between the season’s .The Pearson correlation coefficient showed positive correlation in the 0.01 level between percentage of organic matter and sediment moisture that indicating a high capacity for water storage in organic soils

Bi-Level Operation Scheduling of Distribution Systems with Multi-Microgrids Considering Uncertainties

A bi-level operation scheduling of distribution system operator (DSO) and multi-microgrids (MMGs) considering both the wholesale market and retail market is presented in this paper. To this end, the upper-level optimization problem minimizes the total costs from DSO’s point of view, while the profits of microgrids (MGs) are maximized in the lower-level optimization problem. Besides, a scenario-based stochastic programming framework using the heuristic moment matching (HMM) method is developed to tackle the uncertain nature of the problem. In this regard, the HMM technique is employed to model the scenario matrix with a reduced number of scenarios, which is effectively suitable to achieve the correlations among uncertainties. In order to solve the proposed non-linear bi-level model, Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions and linearization techniques are employed to transform the bi-level problem into a single-level mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated on a real-test MMG system

Investigating Personal Knowledge Management and Its Mediating Role on the Impact of Psychological Characteristics on Organizational Competencies in Information and Knowledge Services

Introduction: Today, the secret of the success of any organization is the knowledge management. Because knowledge is such, it should only be done by oneself individually. So, this causes raising different psychological concepts in knowledge management. Given the undeniable role of individuals in today's business excellence, personal knowledge management topics vs. organizational knowledge management topics are discussed. The aim of this study was to investigate the moderating role of personal knowledge management on the impact of psychological characteristics on organizational competencies in information and knowledge services. Methodology: This is an applied study with a mixed method. The sample in qualitative section consisted of ones with research experiences in the field of personal knowledge management, and in the quantitative section, the staff of central libraries of Tehran’s state universities. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire with the seven dimensions of retrieving, evaluating, organizing, collaborating, analyzing, providing, and securing information was used for studying personal knowledge management, and the Neo questionnaire was used for the study of psychological characteristics, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used with the five dimensions of external information awareness, internal knowledge dissemination, effective decision architecture, organizational focus, and continue innovation for measuring organizational competencies. The reliability of the questionnaire has been evaluated by Cronbach’s Alpha, which was equal to .728. Data was analyzed by the descriptive and inferential statistics methods. Findings: The results showed that the psychological characteristics have a direct effect on personal knowledge management and personal knowledge management has a direct effect on organizational competencies. The impact of psychological characteristics on organizational competencies was not confirmed, and the role of personal knowledge management was detected as a mediator. Conclusion: According to the results, in evaluating the personal knowledge of library staff, special attention should be paid on their personalities. To achieve the desired organizational competencies, the skills of library staff should be strengthen for their personal knowledge management