The influence of chemical fertilizers on the gliadin - glutenin ratio to the winter wheat

The gliadin-glutenin ratio is considered one of the quality factors of the flour. This paper proposes an analysis of the influence of chemical fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, applied both singly and in interaction on this quality element. The research was carried out at Agricultural Research and Developement Statin Lovrin, on the wheat variety Ciprian. The results of the research highlight the major role of fertilizer combinations on the gliadin-glutenin ratio. If, in the case of unilateral application of the three types of fertilizer, both the gliadin / glutenin ratio and the proportion of the two gluten protein components indicated a poor or good gluten quality, by combined application of fertilizers with nitrogen and phosphorus and, especially, those with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the gluten quality is very good. There is a significant negative correlation between unilaterally applied nitrogen fertilizers and gliadin glutenin ratio (r = -0.84 *). The correlation between nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the gliadin glutenin ratio is significantly negative, statistically assured at α = 1% (r = -0.99 **)

The influence of nitrogen chemical fertilisers on winter wheat gluten quality

This paper aims to show the influence that nitrogen fertilizer has on the quality of wheat. Research has been carried out at Lovrin Agricultural Development Research Center, introducing a long-lasting fertilizer experience between 2015 and 2016 on Ciprian's wheat variety. The applied nitrogen fertilizers had the following graduations: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 kg nitrogen active substance/ha. Speaking about the quality of wheat, it is inappropriate to refer only to the percentage of protein and wet gluten. The gluten structure is important for a high quality raw material in the milling and bakery industry. Chemical nitrogen fertilizers do not only influence the amount of wet gluten but also that of gliadins, glutenins, the accumulation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits and gliadin - glutenin ratio. Between the doses of nitrogen applied, the amount of glutenin and the proportion of HMW units of glutenin there is a significant positive correlation, statistically assured at α = 5% (r = 0.95 * for glutenin, r = 0.90 * for HMW subunits)

Some aspects of the behavior of 25 lines inoculated with artificial infections with Fusarium Spp.

In Europe the most important pathogens that produce the breakage belong to the genus Fusarium, being F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, F. poae, F. oxysporum and F. lateritium. Corn fusariosis is one of the main problems of this crop, encompassing all the areas around the world where this plant is grown. The most widespread species in the western area of Romania are: F. moniliforme and F. graminearum. Pathogens contribute to the degradation and quantitative and qualitative decrease of production on average by 20-25%. A limited number of diseases can damage the maize crops, causing significant losses of production. Among these are fusarian diseases which, due to their frequency and intensity, can be considered the most damaging for corn crops (Mureşan et al, 1973; Moose, 2004; Nagy et al 2006). Fusarium diseases reduce the value and quality of crops by massive accumulation of mycelial masses of mushrooms of the genus Fusarium (about 85%) on berries and earbuds as well as contamination with specific mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisin (FUM) (Vyn and Tolenar, 1998; Yazar and Omurtag, 2008). This experience at the ARDS Lovrin corn amelioration laboratory is aimed at obtaining an initial material resistant to this disease, sorting, selecting existing material within the laboratory, and genetic aspects of maize resistance to this disease. Experience has taken place in the experimental field of the laboratory. In order to study this disease, (respectively the two species of Fusarium), three types of infections were carried out according to the organ of the plant: stalk (It); seed infections (Is); ear infections (Isht). The experimental genotypes are inbred lines in the crossbreeding program (25 variants) of different precocity groups, as well as inbred lines of parental forms of hybrids in culture and those proposed for homologation

Influence of the long-term fertilization on the wheat yield, in period 1996-2018, at A.R.D.S. Lovrin

This study aims to analyze the evolution of winter wheat production, between 1996 and 2018, under the influence of 25 fertilization combinations with nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen fertilizers applied have graduations of 0,30,60,90 and 120 kg active substance/ha, and of phosphorus 0, 40,80,120 and 160 kg of active substance/ha. The research carried out on a typical chernozem in the West of Romania showed that the fertilizers are well used by the winter wheat crop. During the 1996-2018 period, the influence of chemical fertilizers with nitrogen and phosphorus has been studied in a 3 years rotation (soya bean- wheatmaize). Unilateral application of nitrogen and phosphorus bring production increases within the range 573 kg grains/ha - 1016 kg/ha, nitrogen and 282 kg grains/ha - 998 kg/ha, phosphorus. The obtained results highlight the fundamental role of the combined application of the two types of fertilizers. The optimal dose of fertilizer, from an economic point of view is N88P122, with a production of 6866 kg wheat/ha

Influenţa diferitelor tipuri de fertilizanţi ecologici asupra capacităţii agroproductive la cinci cultivare de tomate

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of the application of fertilizers allowed in organic farming to an assortment of autumn tomatoes. The research was conducted in the didactic and experimental field of the Vegetable growing discipline, at U.S.A.M.V. Iaşi. The experiment was of a bifactorial type, testingthe influence of the cultivar with five graduations (Perra D`Abruzzo, Firmus F1, Raluca; Bilbo F1 and Rio Grande) and of the fertilization with three graduations (unfertilized, organic fertilization with Humic and the application of a product based on microorganisms, namely Micoseeds MB) underthe conditions of the cropyear 2019. The cropwas established by seedlingsof 45 days, in strips of two rows, the distance betweenthe strips being 90 cm, and between rows,of 50 cm. The distance between plants in arow was 25 cm, resulting in a density of about 57 thousand plants per hectare. The results obtained demonstrate the efficiency of the products used, the yields obtained in the case of fertilized variants being higher compared to the non-fertilized variant, for all five cultivarsused

Evaluation of Diet Supplementation with Wheat Grass Juice on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Blood Biochemical Profile of Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Wheat grass juice (WGJ) is an extract of young wheat plantlets (Triticum aetivum L.) used worldwide for its health related properties. In this study, the following feeds containing WGJ were tested on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Control (C), WGJ1% (V1), WGJ2% (V2) and WGJ4% (V3) w/w. Fish with an average initial weight of 102 g/individual were grown in a recirculating aquaculture system. The results showed that WGJ had stimulatory effects on growth performance. Accordingly, final body weight increased by 11% at V1, 39% at V2 and 23% at V3, while other indices (feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and condition factor) were unaffected. Body composition analyses revealed a significant decrease in fat content at V2 and a significant increase in collagen and ash at the same variant, while the protein content was unmodified. Regarding the blood profile, significant increases in the content of albumin, globulin, total protein, and calcium were recorded in the variants with WGJ. The positive results of WGJ on carp can be attributed to its biochemical composition, which is rich in chlorophyll (4.71 mg mL−1), total phenols (164 µg mL−1 gallic acid equivalents), and high antioxidant activity (67% inhibition of DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The results suggest WGJ can be used as a promising feed additive for common carp