Age-realted dementia in Kazahstan: adaptation of the 10/66 dementia research group population -based study protocol

Background. The prevalence of dementia is increasing worldwide as the population ages and affects 10 % of the population over 65 years old and 40 % of people over the age of 80.[1] In Kazakhstan, as well as in other countries around the world, the population of aged people has been increasing over the past decades. According to available statistics, by the end of 2013, the percentage of people aged 65 and older in Kazakhstan was 6.7% [2]. Given the fact that Kazakhstan's current population is about 17,221 million people [2], and based on data from the global statistics, it can be assumed that at least 115,000 elderly people could be suffering from age-related dementia. Nevertheless, such pathology is currently may not being diagnosed in Kazakhstan; consequently giving no accurate statistical data on the number of people suffering from this age-related pathology. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate true prevalence of dementia and assess the risk factors associated with the disease

Age-realted dementia in Kazahstan: adaptation of the 10/66 dementia research group population -based study protocol

Background. The prevalence of dementia is increasing worldwide as the population ages and affects 10 % of the population over 65 years old and 40 % of people over the age of 80.[1] In Kazakhstan, as well as in other countries around the world, the population of aged people has been increasing over the past decades. According to available statistics, by the end of 2013, the percentage of people aged 65 and older in Kazakhstan was 6.7% [2]. Given the fact that Kazakhstan's current population is about 17,221 million people [2], and based on data from the global statistics, it can be assumed that at least 115,000 elderly people could be suffering from age-related dementia. Nevertheless, such pathology is currently may not being diagnosed in Kazakhstan; consequently giving no accurate statistical data on the number of people suffering from this age-related pathology. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate true prevalence of dementia and assess the risk factors associated with the disease

The interaction of the freight car and way taking into account deformation of assembled rails and sleepers

The settlement scheme is made and analytical researches of fluctuations of crew under the influence unevenness of the way in the horizontal and vertical planes taking into account impact of the railroad car on the way are executed

Calculation of the stress-strain state of the deflector rollers

Numerous studies have established that the damage to the lower surface of hot-rolled strips is mainly due to their friction against rollers of mill rollers. In this case, the probability of scoring, scrapes and other mechanical damage increases otherwise severe wear on the surface of the rollers, improper installation and jamming. This also applies fully to the pulling and forming rollers of the coilers. On modern broadband mills the following measures are used to prevent damage to the surface of hot-rolled strips: reduce the distance between the axes of adjacent rollers; Increase the accuracy installation of rollers in the horizontal plane; apply the individual drive of each roller; provide a smooth increase in the speed rotation of the rollers along the length of the withdrawing roller table; increase the wear resistance of rollers. A prerequisite for preventing damage to the surface of hot-rolled strips is also the maintenance of a high level technical condition of the mill equipment, which includes inspections of wiring armature bars, roller conveyor rollers and other units for each transshipment, timely replacement and repair of individual parts and assemblies (primarily roller conveyors, interroller plates, etc.)

Development of rational technology of rods production on a radial-shift mill (RSM)

The radial- shift mill (RSM) of a new design, which makes it possible to obtain high quality rods by the combined rolling-pressing process is proposed in this article. By using the MSC.SuperForge program the quantitative data has been obtained and main regularities of the stress-strain state distribution during rolling in smooth, helical rolls and rolling-pressing of billets on a RSM of a new design were established. Special attention is paid to the influence analysis of rolling in smooth and helical rolls and to the rolling-pressing on the formation of structures in rods from M1copper alloy. It has been established that processing by the combined process makes it possible to form a finegrained structure along the cross-section of the bars without disrupting the continuity of the billet material. By using physical modeling the effect of temperature-deformation processing modes on the kinetics of dynamic recrystallization of copper alloy M1has been studied. The dependence of the size of the recrystallized grain from temperature and degree of deformation has been established

Development of rational technology of rods production on a radial-shift mill (RSM)

The radial- shift mill (RSM) of a new design, which makes it possible to obtain high quality rods by the combined rolling-pressing process is proposed in this article. By using the MSC.SuperForge program the quantitative data has been obtained and main regularities of the stress-strain state distribution during rolling in smooth, helical rolls and rolling-pressing of billets on a RSM of a new design were established. Special attention is paid to the influence analysis of rolling in smooth and helical rolls and to the rolling-pressing on the formation of structures in rods from M1copper alloy. It has been established that processing by the combined process makes it possible to form a finegrained structure along the cross-section of the bars without disrupting the continuity of the billet material. By using physical modeling the effect of temperature-deformation processing modes on the kinetics of dynamic recrystallization of copper alloy M1has been studied. The dependence of the size of the recrystallized grain from temperature and degree of deformation has been established

Effect of Acute Consumption of Blackcurrant Juice on Plasma and Urine Concentrations of Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids and on Antioxidant Status in Human Subjects

Epidemiological evidence suggests that consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids is inversely linked to the risk of CVD, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. The present study investigated the effects of acute consumption of a 20% blackcurrant juice drink on plasma and urine concentrations of anthocyanin metabolites and plasma antioxidant status in humans. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design, 20 healthy human subjects (ages 30-70 y, 11 females 9 males) consumed 250 mL of the 20% blackcurrant juice drink or a placebo drink on two intervention visits with one-month washout. Blood and urine samples were collected at baseline and periodically after juice intake for 8 hours, in addition to a 24-hour urine sample. Plasma vitamin C concentrations increased significantly from baseline after blackcurrant juice consumption compared to those of the control group throughout the study day (P = 0.001), particularly at 60 – 90 minutes after consumption. The plasma concentrations of phenolic acids that are known metabolites of flavonoids, namely benzoic acid, hippuric acid, salicylic acid and phenylacetic acid tended to increase at 30 and 180 minutes after blackcurrant juice intake, and a weak interaction was observed between juice treatment and time (P = 0.099). The urinary hippuric acid and total phenolics also tended to show non-significant increases after juice consumption. Delphinidin and cyanidin derivatives were not detected in urine samples at quantifiable concentrations, although there was some evidence of traces present in some samples. There were no significant treatment effects on the oxidative stability of plasma assessed by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) values. Plasma uric acid concentration was significantly correlated with the FRAP value of plasma at 0 - 480 minutes after drink consumption (P = 0.000), which is consistent with the important contribution of uric acid to antioxidant capacity. Overall, the effects of the 20% blackcurrant juice drink on plasma concentrations of flavonoid metabolites and plasma antioxidant status did not reach statistical significance

Simulation technique of constant contact side bearings of freight car bogies

Actually, the side bearings of constant contact cabs are installed on freight cars of new design railroad gage of 1520 mm. Parameters of side bearing elastic elements have significant effect on dynamic behavior of the car and traffic safety. The article is devoted to comparison of side bearing of standard (rigid, shim) design body and bearings of constant contact by means of computer modeling