The effects of problem-based learning in students reading comprehension for mastering the content and vocabulary acquisition

English reading comprehension is the most crucial language abilities in colleges where English is learned as a second language. A vigorous and powerful reading ability is certainly crucial in primary studies for students to accomplish in advanced education. However, the method in which they are instructed through lecture and paper pencil’s method were less relevant and effective in 21st Century. Students become passive, demotivated, bored, and feeling shy by the conventional teaching and learning. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of problem-based learning (PBL) on student’s English reading comprehension for mastering the contents and vocabulary acquisition. The study used a quantitative data where using an experimental pre-posttest design and the independent t-test and one-way ANOVA has been performed to test the hypothesis of the studies. The result indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups for student’s reading comprehension for mastering the content and vocabulary acquisition using PBL. The results showed that the students who received PBL learning approached achieved higher performance outcome than student who is not received the PBL approach

WCDMA in Malaysia

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) A 3G highspeed digital data service provided by cellular carriers that use the time division multiplexing (TDMA) or GSM technology worldwide, including AT&T (formerly Cingular) and T-Mobile in the U.S. WCDMA works on WCDMA cell phones as well as laptops and portable devices with WCDMA modems [1]. Users have typically experienced downstream data rates up to 400 Kbps [1]. WCDMA has been used in the Japanese Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) system and in the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); a third generation follow-on to the 2G GSM networks deployed worldwide [1]. Although TDMA and GSM carriers both use TDMA modulation, WCDMA stems from CDMA. Part of the 3GPP initiative, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) refers to WCDMA as the Direct Sequence (DS) interface within the IMT-2000 global 3G standards [1]

On the manifold structure of the set of unparameterized embeddings with low regularity

Given manifolds $M$ and $N$, with $M$ compact, we study the geometrical structure of the space of embeddings of $M$ into $N$, having less regularity than $\mathcal C^\infty$, quotiented by the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$.Comment: To appear in the Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Societ

Multiple-antenna-aided OFDM employing genetic-algorithm-assisted minimum bit error rate multiuser detection

The family of minimum bit error rate (MBER) multiuser detectors (MUD) is capable of outperforming the classic minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) MUD in terms of the achievable bit-error rate (BER) owing to directly minimizing the BER cost function. In this paper,wewill invoke genetic algorithms (GAs) for finding the optimum weight vectors of the MBER MUD in the context of multiple-antenna-aided multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) .We will also show that the MBER MUD is capable of supporting more users than the number of receiver antennas available, while outperforming the MMSE MUD

Osteoblasts infill irregular pores under curvature and porosity controls: A hypothesis-testing analysis of cell behaviours

The geometric control of bone tissue growth plays a significant role in bone remodelling, age-related bone loss, and tissue engineering. However, how exactly geometry influences the behaviour of bone-forming cells remains elusive. Geometry modulates cell populations collectively through the evolving space available to the cells, but it may also modulate the individual behaviours of cells. To factor out the collective influence of geometry and gain access to the geometric regulation of individual cell behaviours, we develop a mathematical model of the infilling of cortical bone pores and use it with available experimental data on cortical infilling rates. Testing different possible modes of geometric controls of individual cell behaviours consistent with the experimental data, we find that efficient smoothing of irregular pores only occurs when cell secretory rate is controlled by porosity rather than curvature. This porosity control suggests the convergence of a large scale of intercellular signalling to single bone-forming cells, consistent with that provided by the osteocyte network in response to mechanical stimulus. After validating the mathematical model with the histological record of a real cortical pore infilling, we explore the infilling of a population of randomly generated initial pore shapes. We find that amongst all the geometric regulations considered, the collective influence of curvature on cell crowding is a dominant factor for how fast cortical bone pores infill, and we suggest that the irregularity of cement lines thereby explains some of the variability in double labelling data as well as the overall speed of osteon infilling.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, Appendi

The mathematical approach for proximity analysis for 3D GIS

Next generation of GIS software would highly depend on 3D analysis in solving geographic problems. 3D analysis is a very important component for GIS as it defines as decision making tools for geographic features. One would like to query about geographic object from numerical calculation or propose optimum solutions for GIS applications. Such desired components in future software or system are to deal with the 3D analytical solutions. This paper presents a portion of the problems, which are 3D solid buffering for 3D GIS. This analytical solution is very important for 3D spatial analysis. The discussion related to the implementation of buffering model for solid object is the main concern in the research, where the primitive objects of point, line, and face will be taken in consideration for the development of 3D solid bufferin

High performance computing of explicit schemes for electrofusion jointing process based on message-passing paradigm

The research focused on heterogeneous cluster workstations comprising of a number of CPUs in single and shared architecture platform. The problem statements under consideration involved one dimensional parabolic equations. The thermal process of electrofusion jointing was also discussed. Numerical schemes of explicit type such as AGE, Brian, and Charlies Methods were employed. The parallelization of these methods were based on the domain decomposition technique. Some parallel performance measurement for these methods were also addressed. Temperature profile of the one dimensional radial model of the electrofusion process were also given