Improved control of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae), based on area-wide monitoring

A monitoring program, using spherical wooden traps of Saturn Yellow color, was tested on an area-wide basis for control of the western cherry fruit fly, <i>Rhagoletis indifferens</i> Curran. All calendar sprays were eliminated and substituted by sprays applied only after the first female flies were caught on any of 8 traps/ acre. This approach resulted in elimination of all spray treatments for <i>R. indifferens</i> control in 4 of 10 study orchards during the 1977 season. The remaining study orchards required one fewer spray treatment. In 1978, 1 of 14 study orchards required 4 fewer treatments. Among the remaining orchards, 3 sprays were eliminated in 2 orchards, 2 sprays in 4 orchards and 1 spray in 6 orchards. It is estimated that the average saving in spray costs alone amounted to about $31.00/ acre in 1977 and$26.00 in 1978. The overall reduction in number of sprays applied was about one-half during 2 seasons. The orchard blocks under the fly monitoring program had about the same level of infestation in the fruit as the calendar treatment blocks

Distribution of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Oregon

Data from a four-year (1981-1984) distributional study suggest that, in Oregon, the apple maggot <i>Rhagoletis pomonella</i> (Walsh) is established in the interior valleys (especially the Willamette Valley) along the Columbia River Gorge and at isolated locations along the Oregon coast. An analysis of the general distribution pattern and some earlier records suggests that the apple maggot may have been in Oregon for nearly four decades

Ovipositional preferences of the walnut husk fly, Rhagoletis completa (Diptera: Tephritidae) on various fruits, vegetables and varieties of walnuts

The ovipositional preferences of the walnut husk fly, Rhagoletis completa, were studied using different fruits, vegetables, and walnut cultivars. Among the fruits and vegetables tested, pear was the substrate most often chosen for egg deposition, followed by nectarine, apple, green pepper, potato, and tomato. The eggs hatched equally well in all the substrates, but the larvae completed their growth and development only in nectarine. Among the varieties of walnuts tested, the most egg punctures per nut were in CVs 'Spurgeon' and 'Manregian' and the most eggs per nut were deposited in 'Manregian'. The females made the fewest egg punctures deposited the fewest eggs per nut in 'Hartley'.Key words: Oviposition; development; walnut; walnut husk fly; Rhagaletis complet

Improved control of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae), based on area-wide monitoring

A monitoring program, using spherical wooden traps of Saturn Yellow color, was tested on an area-wide basis for control of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran. All calendar sprays were eliminated and substituted by sprays applied only after the first female flies were caught on any of 8 traps/ acre. This approach resulted in elimination of all spray treatments for R. indifferens control in 4 of 10 study orchards during the 1977 season. The remaining study orchards required one fewer spray treatment. In 1978, 1 of 14 study orchards required 4 fewer treatments. Among the remaining orchards, 3 sprays were eliminated in 2 orchards, 2 sprays in 4 orchards and 1 spray in 6 orchards. It is estimated that the average saving in spray costs alone amounted to about $31.00/ acre in 1977 and$26.00 in 1978. The overall reduction in number of sprays applied was about one-half during 2 seasons. The orchard blocks under the fly monitoring program had about the same level of infestation in the fruit as the calendar treatment blocks

The European winter moth as a pest of filberts: Damage and chemical control

Different chemicals and two spray timing dates were evaluated for control of the European winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.) in filbert orchards of Oregon. Data showed that endosulfan, carbaryl, phosalone, diazinon and fenvalerate were effective against this pest. A Bacillus thuringiensis product, Thuricide HPC was found to be ineffective. The timing of the spray treatment was critical. Sprays applied at 90 - 95% egg hatch (April) were much more effective than the sprays applied at 50 - 60% egg hatch (March). The spray timing seemed to be less critical for fenvalerate treatment, which was equally effective at both treatment dates.The damage caused by O. brumata to filbert trees is described

Apple maggot in the western United States: A review of its establishment and current approaches to management

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Distribution of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Oregon

Data from a four-year (1981-1984) distributional study suggest that, in Oregon, the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) is established in the interior valleys (especially the Willamette Valley) along the Columbia River Gorge and at isolated locations along the Oregon coast. An analysis of the general distribution pattern and some earlier records suggests that the apple maggot may have been in Oregon for nearly four decades

Natural enemies of Myzocallis coryli (Hom.: Aphididae) in Oregon hazelnut orchards

Fifty-five species of aphidophagous predators were found in a survey of the hazelnut orchards of western Oregon. Important predators of the filbert aphid, Myzocallis coryli (Goetze), include: Adalia bipunctata (L.), Cycloneda polita Csy. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae); Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Miridae); and species of Hemerobius and Chrysopa (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae).One parasitoid, Mesidiopsis sp. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was found to attack the aphid. In addition, one pathogenic fungus, Triplosporium fresenii (Nowakowski) Batko (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) was found to cause an epizootic in an orchard with a high aphid density