An Analysis of the Managerial Performance of the Councils in Sustainable Rural Development in Rostam City, Iran

After the Islamic Revolution, and especially since 1998 onwards, rural the Councils in country as the first civil institutions that arose from opinion of the majority of people in determining their fate have had noticeable role in the processes of management and development of the rural community centers. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Councils in the field of sustainable rural development of Rostam city in Fars province. This study was conducted by descriptive-analytical method and by using survey method. The statistical population includes 78 villages with the Councils of this city which is selected by stratified random sampling method and with appropriate choice of 50 villages. Then, the village council members (three) were studied and ultimately necessary studies have been conducted on 125 rural council members. The data collection tool was a questionnaire with open-ended questions and its face validity was confirmed and its reliability was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (r=0.79). The research results indicate that the performance of the Councils of studied villages in six dimensions of performance including socio-cultural, economic and resource, environmental, constructional and infrastructural, relationships with organizations and institutions and conductor plan has been in moderate level. The results of hierarchical regression analysis also showed that among the studied structures social capital, government support, and participation of people respectively, 0.20, 0.43 and 0.25 change the standard deviation of the Councils of studied villages

An Analysis of the Managerial Performance of the Councils in Sustainable Rural Development in Rostam City, Iran

After the Islamic Revolution, and especially since 1998 onwards, rural the Councils in country as the first civil institutions that arose from opinion of the majority of people in determining their fate have had noticeable role in the processes of management and development of the rural community centers. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Councils in the field of sustainable rural development of Rostam city in Fars province. This study was conducted by descriptive-analytical method and by using survey method. The statistical population includes 78 villages with the Councils of this city which is selected by stratified random sampling method and with appropriate choice of 50 villages. Then, the village council members (three) were studied and ultimately necessary studies have been conducted on 125 rural council members. The data collection tool was a questionnaire with open-ended questions and its face validity was confirmed and its reliability was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (r=0.79). The research results indicate that the performance of the Councils of studied villages in six dimensions of performance including socio-cultural, economic and resource, environmental, constructional and infrastructural, relationships with organizations and institutions and conductor plan has been in moderate level. The results of hierarchical regression analysis also showed that among the studied structures social capital, government support, and participation of people respectively, 0.20, 0.43 and 0.25 change the standard deviation of the Councils of studied villages

Analysis on of indicators affecting the feeling of unsafe in urban worn out texture (Case study: Dogonbadan worn out texture)

Objective: Security is one of the cornerstones of reaching a healthy society and having sustainable cities. One of the consequences of the worn out textures in cities is the reduction of security and, more importantly, the decrease in the sense of security among citizens, therefore, it is necessary to examine these spaces and assess their impact on citizens' sense of security. The main objective of this research is to identify and analyze the factors affecting the creation of security feeling in the context of the worn-out neighborhoods of Dongonbadan. Methods: The type of research in this study is applied and analytical descriptive. The method of collecting information is also documentation-based. The sample size of the citizens was 389 people based on the Karajes and Morgan tables and for the community of employees of the offices 120 people were selected by random sampling method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results of the data obtained from the statistical population of the employees indicate that the role of the urban management agent with the highest average of 4.54 and the lowest mean of 4 and 4.20, respectively, are due to the weakness of social justice and existing laws in the community. Also, information obtained from citizens in this area indicates the effective role of the weakness of social justice, with the highest mean of 4.14, and the next, blind and inactive points with a score of 4.07 and the lowest average of 3.45 that are in the rules of the community. Conclusion: Comparison between past and present research shows that, among the studies on social security in urban spaces, the results of Kiani et al. (2013) analysis and prioritization of environmental security strategies in Zabol city spaces is almost aligned

Investigating the situation of child-friendly city and its relationship with quality, safety and security indicators of needed children's uses in Jahrom city

Objective: Existence of indicators of child-friendly city in urban space is one of the key indicators of sustainable urban development, its level and status indicate the degree of attention of policy makers, and urban affairs trustee to needs and wants of different segments of society, especially children as the future human capital of cities. Aim of this study is to investigate the situation of child-friendly cities, identify challenges and ways to improve it, as well as to investigate and analyze its relationship with quality, safety and security of required child-friendly uses in Jahrom. Methods: Present applied research has done using a combination of descriptive-analytical, correlational and causal methods. Statistical population of this study consists children aged 6 to 12 years living in Jahrom and sample of 372 persons has estimated using sample size estimation. Main research tool for collecting the required data is a researcher-made questionnaire and validity and reliability has confirmed by observing principles of field research methods. Results: Findings of study revealed that the situation of child-friendly cities with an average of 2.1 is significantly lower than the average level. Results of correlation between two variables of quality and safety and security of the uses required by children in the child-friendly city showed that calculated correlation with the values of 0.665 and 0.535 is significant and positive. Results of multivariate regression revealed that in the fitted model, 59.9% of the child-friendly city variance has explained by independent variables. Standardized regression coefficient of safety and security indicators and quality of required uses by children with values of 0.571 and 0.421 respectively were statistically significant. Conclusion: Results of this study revealed that the lack and weakness of quantity and quality of educational, sportive, recreational, health and security spaces required by children as well as lack of attention to opinions and demands of children in designing different spaces needed by them, hinders the realization of a child-friendly city in the study area. Therefore, it is necessary to solve these issues and problems by taking the necessary thoughts, because children are the main future assets of cities and it is necessary to meet their needs and wants as considerable

A geodatabase of blood pressure level and the associated factors including lifestyle, nutritional, air pollution, and urban greenspace

OBJECTIVES: Hypertension is a prevalent chronic disease globally. A multifaceted combination of risk factors is associated with hypertension. Scientific literature has shown the association among individual and environmental factors with hypertension, however, a comprehensive database including demographic, environmental, individual attributes and nutritional status has been rarely studied. Moreover, an integrated spatial-epidemiological approach has been scarcely researched. Therefore, this study aims to provide and describe a geodatabase including individual-based and socio-environmental data related to people living in the city of Mashhad, Iran in 2018. DATA DESCRIPTION: The database has been extracted from the PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The data note includes three shapefiles and a help file. The shapefile format is a digital vector storage format for storing geometric location and associated attribute information. The first shapefile includes the data of population, air pollutants and amount of available green space for each census block of the city. The second shapefile consists of aggregated blood pressure data to the census blocks of the city. The third shapefile comprises the individual characteristics data (i.e., demographic, clinical, and lifestyle). Finally, the fourth file is a guide to the previous data files for users

Predicting spatial and decadal of land use and land cover change using integrated Cellular Automata Markov chain model based scenarios (2019–2049) Zarriné-Rūd River Basin in Iran

Effective land use and land cover (LULC) change assessment requires tools to measure past, current, and based on them to create a future scenario. LULC changes are unavoidable in the world, particularly in developing countries. Since LULC are too dynamic and complicated without the identification of appropriate methods and approaches the future perdition will be less accurate. Therefore, the integrated Cellular Automata Markov chain (CA-Markov) model is known as a capable estimator. In this study, LULC changes in Zarriné-Rūd River Basin (ZRB) in Iran was analyzed based on different images and data extracted from satellite data in 1989 and 2019 to create the LULC scenario in 2049. The model was validated using actual and projected to 2019. The overall agreement on two extracted maps was 97.85% in 1989 and 96.55% in 2019. The more detailed analysis of validation of calibration based on the kappa showed the highest data reliability of 0.98 in 1989 and 0.95 in 2019, respectively. According to the transition matrix of probabilities, the most significant changes in the ZRB based on the past scenario (1989–2019) is in rainfed and built up land classes of LULC in 2049. Concurrently, the other classes continue to decline except irrigated agriculture and water bodies. The results obtained showed that the pasture and mountain LULC class had continued to reduce more than other classes. Furthermore, water resources and the amount of the precipitation in past and future are important to spatial and temporal expansion on LULC classes

The Role of Religious Centers in Building Solidarity Among Citizens with Social Capital Approach (Case Study: Ferdowsi-eh City - Shahryar Town)

In the present urbanization, especially in developing societies which­ lack of trust and isolation affected the lives of the majority of citizens, efforts for social alliance and raising social capital in the cities are of most important ­ goals of planners and urban managers. For this purpose, by relying on its material and spiritual means, religion has a role to play in raising the sense of belonging and social trust and­ most of all, it can create social cohesion and alliance among citizens. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of religious centers, especially mosque, in building alliance among citizens with the social capital approach in the mosque of the city of Ferdowsi-eh, Shahryar town. The research community consists of all citizens of the city of Ferdowsi-eh­. The tool ­ of data gathering ­ was questionnaire to do this research, 341 questionnaires were distributed among citizens according to the size of the determined sample through the Morgan table. For data analysis, ­modeling structural equations with partial least squares approach (PLS) has been utilized through smartpls.2 software used. The results of the research showed that the created model was suitable for establishing alliance among citizens, and the proposed factors are well able to measure ­ the proposed concept. ­The factor loads obtained for the observed variables were higher than 0.5 and the constructions ­ had a good validity and reliability; also, based on the model created through the structural model, ­ trust and participation had a significant and positive correlation with social alliance, while social cohesion had no significant relationship with social alliance