Numerical investigation of distance effect between two Searasers for hydrodynamic performance

AbstractNowadays, researchers are interested in investigation of the ocean wave energy conversion (OWEC) because this device can convert wave energy into electricity economically. The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel ocean wave energy converter named Searaser which may be capable of being used in the Caspian Sea. One of the ways for improving the efficiency of Searasers is to use numerous Searasers simultaneously. Increasing the number of Searasers not only increases the electricity production but also can help producing more stable electricity. In this article the function of two Searasers three different distances (10, 15 and 20m) was evaluated numerically by solving momentum and continuity equations in unsteady condition by FLOW-3D software. The effect of different wave heights of Caspian Sea was also investigated in this research. To evaluate the numerical results of this research, they were also compared with experimental results of modeling a buoy and showed good agreement. For the three mentioned distances of buoys, the outlet flow rate and the buoys movement were measured. The results showed that when the buoys were 15m far from each other, the hydrodynamic performance was better and the outlet flow rate and electricity generation showed less fluctuation

Numerical investigation of distance effect between two Searasers for hydrodynamic performance

AbstractNowadays, researchers are interested in investigation of the ocean wave energy conversion (OWEC) because this device can convert wave energy into electricity economically. The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel ocean wave energy converter named Searaser which may be capable of being used in the Caspian Sea. One of the ways for improving the efficiency of Searasers is to use numerous Searasers simultaneously. Increasing the number of Searasers not only increases the electricity production but also can help producing more stable electricity. In this article the function of two Searasers three different distances (10, 15 and 20m) was evaluated numerically by solving momentum and continuity equations in unsteady condition by FLOW-3D software. The effect of different wave heights of Caspian Sea was also investigated in this research. To evaluate the numerical results of this research, they were also compared with experimental results of modeling a buoy and showed good agreement. For the three mentioned distances of buoys, the outlet flow rate and the buoys movement were measured. The results showed that when the buoys were 15m far from each other, the hydrodynamic performance was better and the outlet flow rate and electricity generation showed less fluctuation

Neural-Network Decoders for Measurement Induced Phase Transitions

Open quantum systems have been shown to host a plethora of exotic dynamical phases. Measurement-induced entanglement phase transitions in monitored quantum systems are a striking example of this phenomena. However, naive realizations of such phase transitions requires an exponential number of repetitions of the experiment which is practically unfeasible on large systems. Recently, it has been proposed that these phase transitions can be probed locally via entangling reference qubits and studying their purification dynamics. In this work, we leverage modern machine learning tools to devise a neural network decoder to determine the state of the reference qubits conditioned on the measurement outcomes. We show that the entanglement phase transition manifests itself as a stark change in the learnability of the decoder function. We study the complexity and scalability of this approach and discuss how it can be utilized to detect entanglement phase transitions in generic experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Intravitreal Fasudil Combined with Bevacizumab for Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema; a Pilot Study

Purpose To evaluate the effect of intravitreal injection of a Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor (Fasudil, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) combined with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) on refractory diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: This prospective, interventional case series included 15 eyes of 15 patients with DME unresponsive to previous IVB injections. Eligible eyes underwent intravitreal injection of 0.025 mg Fasudil and 1.25 mg bevacizumab. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were evaluated before and 4 weeks after treatment. Results: Mean age was 64.6±7.3 (range, 49-79) years and mean number of previous IVB injections was 2.8. Mean pre-injection BCVA was 0.84±0.35 LogMAR, which was improved to 0.49±0.29 LogMAR four weeks after intervention (P=0.003). Mean CMT was decreased from 448±123 µm before treatment, to 347±76 µm at four weeks (P=0.001); no adverse event was observed during the study period. Conclusion: Intravitreal ROCK inhibitors seem to entail structural and visual benefits in eyes with DME refractory to IVB monotherapy

An Epidemiologic and Clinical Study of Snake Bites during a Five-Year Period in Karoon, Iran

Background:Snakebite is one of the most common health problems in endemic regions such as Iran. Due to the potential life-threatening impact of snake envenomation and biodiversity of snakes, it seems that epidemiological studies are required, as the primary step to design standard and local therapeutic protocols, regarding the national and regional facilities and therapeutic needs. Methods:This investigation was conducted with a retrospective design, by studying all the records of patients affected by snakebite and hospitalized in Sina Hospital during 2006 to 2011. Epidemiological data and also the outcomes of patients (including side effects and survivals) were collected. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18, using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results:A total of287 snakebite patients were studied. 73.5% of patients were men and most of them belonged to the age group of 15-34 years. Most common complaints of patients once admitted were pain (74.6%) and edema (43.9%). 96.5% of the patients received 5-10 vials of anti-venom. The most prevalent side effect observed was coagulopathy (70.7%). A significant relationship was found between the anti-venom onset after the bite and the rate of coagulopathy occurrence (p=0.035). Three deaths had occurred in general. Conclusion:Early referral to medical centers and administration of anti-venom has been accompanied by significant improvement in outcomes, and would reduce the hematological side effects, need for administrating blood products, and probably the need for administration higher anti-venom doses

Broad Spectrum Antiangiogenic Treatment for Ocular Neovascular Diseases

Pathological neovascularization is a hallmark of late stage neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 50 in the western world. The treatments focus on suppression of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), while current approved therapies are limited to inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) exclusively. However, this treatment does not address the underlying cause of AMD, and the loss of VEGF's neuroprotective can be a potential side effect. Therapy which targets the key processes in AMD, the pathological neovascularization, vessel leakage and inflammation could bring a major shift in the approach to disease treatment and prevention. In this study we have demonstrated the efficacy of such broad spectrum antiangiogenic therapy on mouse model of AMD

Robust Control and Stable Performance of a Grid-Tied Dumbbell-Type Multilevel Converter Interfaced DG Unit Using Differential Flatness Theory

This paper proposes a robust control technique based on Differential Flatness Theory (DFT) for a grid-tied Distributed Generation (DG) to mitigate several uncertainties while controlling the DG for its main functions. A recently introduced structure named Dumbbell Type (D-type) Switched-Capacitor Multilevel Converter (SC-MLC) with a single DC source, utilizing only ten switches with no further series diodes, is employed as an interfacing converter. The DFT enriched by the Lyapunov criterion is developed for the SC-MLC to guarantee both the stable performance of the proposed DG-based supply system and the robustness feature against any unwanted uncertainties. The control inputs of the D-type converter are initially shaped using the reactive and active power-based flat outputs without the observance of stability issues. To attain the proposed robust control inputs, a Lyapunov function is properly defined and engaged in providing the global asymptotic stability for the grid-tied multilevel converter by means of the proportional and integral errors of the flat outputs under the model uncertainties and parameter change. Lyapunov coefficients are subsequently assessed through their related active and reactive power errors. Both simulation and experimental results are employed to verify the ability of the proposed generation system in robust performance against parameter alternations, transient stability during contingency events at the grid side, and dynamic and steady state stability under different scenarios of power sharing with direct active and reactive power flows control.publishedVersionPeer reviewe