The Effect of Some Biochemical and Physiological Parameters in Iraqi Patients with Renal Failure

Background: Renal failure occur when the kidneys are unable to bring out the body's metabolic wastes or proceed their regulatory assignment. Objective The study was designed to compere some biochemical and hematological parameters in patents with renal failure and control group. Patients and materials: A case-control study was conducted from September 2018 t0 April 2019 on patients attending the artificial Kidney Unit in Al-Hussein Hospital in holy Karbala Governorate. A total of fifty known cases of renal failure and fifty health persons were selected. Blood samples were taken from both (patients and control) to estimate biochemical and hematological parameters by using specific methods. Results: the results of this study found the high increase (P˂0.05) in concentration of blood urea, serum creatinine, and calcium levels, a significant decreases (P ≤ 0.05) in (Hb) and (PCV) in patients while (ESR) rate were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) in these patients when compared to healthy control. Conclusion: In this study conclude that the biochemical parameters are more efficient than hematological parameters in follow-up cases of patients with renal failure. Keywords: Renal failure, parameters, Urea, Creatinine, Calcium. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-14-04 Publication date:July 31st 202

DNA minor groove binders-inspired by nature

The synthesis and biological activity of a variety of analogues to the naturally occurring anti-bacterial and anti-fungal Distamycin A were explored by a number of authors. These compounds were subject to a large array of assays. Some of these compounds showed high activity against a range of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. To explore the anti-parasitic activity of this class of compounds, specific modifications had to be made. A number of these compounds proved to be active against Trypanosoma brucei. The binding of a number of these compounds to short sequences of DNA were also examined using footprinting assays as well as NMR spectroscopy. Computer modelling was employed on selected compounds to understand the way these compounds bind to specific DNA sequences. A large number of variations were made to the standard structure of Distamycin. These changes involved the replacement of the pyrrole moieties as well as the head and tail groups with a number of heterocyclic compounds. Some of these MGBs were also investigated for their capability for the treatment of cancer and in particular lung cancer

Prolactin serum levels and breast cancer: Relationships with hematological factors among cases in Karbala Province, Iraq

Background: About one million of women are diagnosed with breast cancer globally and nearly half of whom will die from cancer. Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading of mortality among women. The present study aimed to find out the relationship breast cancer and levels of PRL and influence on some hematological parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 71 specimens were collected from females with breast cancer. Blood specimens were collected, and a blood group, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and prolactin (PRL) level was evaluated. Results: The results show that most breast cancer cases were age group 40–50 years and less common among other age groups. The married women were 97% and the unmarried was 3% only. Most studied cases (43%) were O+ and (26%) were A+ blood group, in compare to other blood groups. In addition, many women show a slight decrease in Hb and PCV level ( 0.05). The PRL levels were increased (31.5 ng/ml) in compare to the range of normal value (14.5 ng/ml) in women at all age groups. Conclusions: The study concludes that there was a relationship between PRL level and breast cancer with a highly significant value