2 research outputs found
Conception d'un stage ambulatoire afin de favoriser la collaboration entre les médecins généralistes et les pharmaciens d'officine
Cette thèse d'exercice commune médecine pharmacie est respectivement la thèse d'exercice de médecine de Célia Fournier (spécialité : médecine générale) et la thèse d'exercice de pharmacie de Laura Algayres (spécialité : officine). Thèse proposée pour un prix de thèse.Background: Collaboration between general practitioners (GP) and community pharmacists (CP) help to secure patient care and to reduce health costs. However, difficulties to communicate between professionals, lack of interest in cooperative practice and ignorance of each other’s skills limit the generalization of this beneficial practice. The aim of this study was to design a pharmacy clerkship for general practice residents (GPR) to discover pharmaceutical practice and a medical training period for students in 6th year of community pharmacy (S6CP) to discover clinical practice in Grenoble. Methods: An observational transversal study was first conducted in French medicine and pharmacy universities. Data regarding existing educational methods for interprofessional GP-CP training were collected from September 2016 to February 2017.Then, a formal consensus of experts by rounds Delphi was conducted between December 2016 and February 2017 to define the pedagogical objectives of those ambulatory clerkships. Results: An exhaustive data collection showed that eleven universities provided a conjoint initial training for GP and CP. A three-round Delphi approach was conducted including 18 experts. Among the 53 proposed objectives, 23 out of 30 reached consensus for the GPR, 20 out of 23 for the S6CP. A pedagogical reference system was created based on these objectives. Conclusion: Interprofessional training for medicine and pharmacy students is emerging in France and seems essential to interprofessional collaboration. Following this work, a pilot study to assess feasibility and pedagogical relevance should take place in Grenoble university.La collaboration entre médecins généralistes (MG) et pharmaciens d’officine (PO) permet de sécuriser la prise en charge du patient et de diminuer le coût des soins de santé. Mais la méconnaissance des compétences de l’autre, le manque d’intérêt pour la pratique collaborative et les difficultés de communication sont des freins à sa généralisation. L’objectif de cette étude était de concevoir un stage pratique de découverte de l'exercice pharmaceutique par les internes en médecine générale (IMG) et de l'exercice médical par les étudiants en 6ème année de pharmacie filière officine (E6PO) à Grenoble. Une étude descriptive transversale a été réalisée auprès des unités de formation et de recherche (UFR) de médecine et de pharmacie françaises. Les méthodes pédagogiques utilisées abordant la formation interprofessionnelle MG – PO ont été recueillies par échanges numériques entre septembre 2016 et février 2017. Puis un consensus formalisé d’experts par rondes Delphi a été conduit entre décembre 2016 et février 2017 afin de définir les objectifs pédagogiques des stages ambulatoires. Sur un recueil national exhaustif, 11 UFR dispensaient une formation initiale commune MG-PO. Trois rondes Delphi ont été réalisées, incluant 18 experts. Parmi les 53 objectifs proposés, 23 sur 30 ont obtenu un consensus pour l’IMG, 20 sur 23 pour l’E6PO. Un référentiel pédagogique a été créé à partir de ces objectifs. La formation interprofessionnelle dans le cursus des étudiants en médecine et en pharmacie se développe et apparait essentielle à la collaboration interprofessionnelle
Speciation of organometals using a synchronizing GC-EIMS and GC-ICPMS system for simultaneous detection
In analytical chemistry, improvement in instrument performances is always important for achieving better analytical results and obtaining more information on the target analytes. Gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICPMS), which combines powerful separation ability and high sensitivity, has found broad applications in sensitive speciation of organometals such as methylmercury (MeHg), butyltin (BuSn), and seleniomethionine (SeMet). Unfortunately, GC-ICPMS is unable to provide molecular information of the analytes such as molecular fragmentations or isotopic patterns, which are very important for identifying target analytes. A method is reported for the simultaneous determination of organometals including MeHg, dibutyltin (DBT), tributyltin (TBT) and SeMet using a unique interface with gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC-EIMS) and GC-ICPMS systems synchronously. The method was validated with measurements of MeHg, DBT, TBT and SeMet in the certified reference materials (CRMs) including dogfish liver (DOLT-4), marine sediments (PACS-2) and selenium-enriched yeast (SELM-1). Compared with EIMS, ICPMS achieved a remarkable gain in sensitivity for MeHg, DBT and SeMet (19-, 130- and 2850-fold S/N gain, respectively). The concentrations of MeHg (1.335 \ub1 0.033 \u3bcg g 121), DBT (1.171 \ub1 0.005 \u3bcg g 121) and TBT (0.834 \ub1 0.003 \u3bcg g 121) obtained with isotope dilution are in agreement with the certified values of the corresponding CRMs. With the proposed method, the ICPMS system can provide higher precision and sensitivity, and the EIMS system can provide information on the molecular structure, which is essential for identification of target analytes.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye