Regeneración de plantas, vía embriogénesis somática, a partir de material adulto de olivo silvestre

La embriogénesis somática es una herramienta poderosa para la clonación de genotipos de interés. En algunas especies como el olivo, esta técnica se ve limitada por las dificultades que presenta la regeneración a partir de material adulto. En este trabajo, se ha inducido embriogénesis somática a partir de material adulto de Olea europaea var. sylvestris siguiendo el protocolo desarrollado por Mazri et al. (Scient. Hort. 159: 88-95, 2013) para el cultivar de olivo Dahbia. Se emplearon 4 genotipos con distinto nivel de resistencia al patógeno fúngico Verticillium dahliae: AC18, StopVert and Outvert (genotipos resistentes) y AC15 (genotipo susceptible) (Jiménez-Díaz, IAS-CSIC, Córdoba, comunicación personal). Inicialmente, los explantos se cultivaron en oscuridad en medio líquido de inducción conteniendo la formulación mineral MS con los macroelementos a la mitad, y un suplemento de 30 µM TDZ-0.5 µM NAA durante 4 días, a 80 rpm; posteriormente, fueron transferidos al mismo medio sin reguladores del crecimiento. A las 8 semanas, el callo que proliferó se cultivó en medio de expresión ECO suplementado con 0.25 µM IBA, 0.5 µM 2iP y 0.44 µM BA, durante varios subcultivos. Sólo los explantos de yema apical del genotipo Stopvert formaron callo embriogénico con una frecuencia del 5%. Tras la multiplicación de este callo, una parte del mismo se transfirió a medio de maduración ECO con membranas de acetato de celulosa para la maduración de embriones. Los embriones maduros mostraron un porcentaje de germinación del 35%, lo que ha permitido la recuperación de plantas. La estabilidad genética del material obtenido se analizó mediante marcadores microsatélites. Se compararon plantas regeneradas a partir de embriones somáticos con el callo embriogénico del que procedían, plantas iniciadas a partir de yemas laterales y mantenidas in vitro mediante proliferación de axilares y la planta donante.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Analysis Of Hotel Internet Booking Users

The number of tourist products sold on the Internet has increased remarkably in recent years. The hotel industry has figured prominently in this boom due to hotel bookings made via the Internet becoming increasingly popular. The reason for this upturn in online bookings is, in many cases, the possibility of booking at any time and the possible existence of lower prices. In order to achieve these lower prices, consumers must accept certain restrictions or conditions that hotels use to manage demand through yield management strategies.This paper analyses hotel Internet booking users in order to ascertain their socio-demographic characteristics and behaviour in regard to online purchase decisions. The ultimate goal is therefore to determine a user profile. With this information, hotel managers will be able to manage Internet hotel bookings

Transformación de olivo con el gen AtNPR1 para inducir tolerancia a patógenos fúngicos.

El gen NPR1 codifica un componente esencial de la respuesta SAR mediada por ácido salicílico (AS). Tras la infección por el patógeno, la acumulación de AS libera los monómeros NPR1 en el citoplasma, los cuáles son translocados al núcleo activando la expresión de genes relacionados con la patogénesis (PR). La sobreexpresión del gen NPR1 de Arabidopsis thaliana ha incrementado la resistencia a hongos, bacterias y virus, en distintas especies. El objetivo de esta investigación fue sobreexpresar este gen en olivo con objeto de evaluar su efecto en la tolerancia a dos hongos de suelo, el hemibiotrofo Verticillium dahliae (Vd), una de las mayores amenazas del cultivo y el necrotrofo Rosellinia necatrix, un patógeno emergente en nuevas plantaciones. Se obtuvieron 3 líneas transgénicas, a partir de una línea embriogénica derivada de semilla del cv. Picual. Las líneas mostraron diferencias en el nivel de expresión del transgen en hoja, aunque estas diferencias no afectaron a los niveles de actividad endoquitinasa basal, similar a la de plantas control. La respuesta a Vd varió con el patotipo; así, todas las plantas murieron 50 días tras su inoculación con la cepa defoliante (D) V-138. Por otra parte, la respuesta a patotipos no defoliantes (ND) también fue variable, en función de la raza; tras la inoculación con la cepa V1242 (ND, raza 2), los síntomas aparecieron transcurridos 44-55 días, siendo la línea NPR1-780, con mayor expresión del transgen, la que mostró menor índice de severidad de la enfermedad. Esta línea también mostró un comportamiento superior al control tras la inoculación con la cepa V1558 (ND, raza 1), aunque las diferencias no fueron tan acusadas. En la respuesta a R. necatrix, las líneas transgénicas mostraron un ligero retraso en el desarrollo de la enfermedad con valores AUDPC entre 7-15% inferiores al control.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe