Error control for the Stokes’ problem based on a flux free a posteriori error estimator

This thesis reviews a method introduced by Larsson et al. for the incompressible Stokes’ problem. The method is devoted to computing bounds for the outputs of interest, as well as perform an adaptive mesh refinement. An error assessment technique is introduced in order to compute bounds for the outputs of interest. The technique goes through a split of the computation of the error in local problems. The results of the local problems allow to guarantee upper and lower bounds for the error energy norm and the outputs of interest. The pertinent adaptive mesh refinement is based on refinement indicators. They are used to evaluate the element contributions to the error. The elements that generate the most error in the output solution are subdivided. By these means, better precision is obtained in the output bounds by every iteration

Error control for the Stokes’ problem based on a flux free a posteriori error estimator

This thesis reviews a method introduced by Larsson et al. for the incompressible Stokes’ problem. The method is devoted to computing bounds for the outputs of interest, as well as perform an adaptive mesh refinement. An error assessment technique is introduced in order to compute bounds for the outputs of interest. The technique goes through a split of the computation of the error in local problems. The results of the local problems allow to guarantee upper and lower bounds for the error energy norm and the outputs of interest. The pertinent adaptive mesh refinement is based on refinement indicators. They are used to evaluate the element contributions to the error. The elements that generate the most error in the output solution are subdivided. By these means, better precision is obtained in the output bounds by every iteration

Ring-Topology Echo State Networks for ICU Sepsis Classification

Sepsis is a life threatening condition that can be treated if detected early. This paper presents a study of the application of a Ring Topology Echo State Network (ESN) algorithm to a sepsis prediction task based on ICU records. The implemented algorithm is compared with commonly used classifiers and a combination of both approaches. Finally, we address how different causal strategies on filling missing record values affected the final classification performances. Having a dataset with a limited number of time entries per patient, the utility score U = 0.188 obtained (team 51: PLUX) suggests that further research is needed in order for the ESN to capture the temporal dynamics of the problem at hand

PLURALISME AGAMA DALAM PERSFEKTIF TAFSIR FI ZHILALIL QUR’AN

ABSTRAK Pluralisme adalah kondisi hidup bersama antar agama yang berbeda-beda dalam satu komunitas dengan tetap memperhatikan ciri-ciri spesifik atau ajaran masing-masing agama. Negara Indonesia telah menganut pluralisme agama, pluralisme agama terdapat dalam sebuah ideologi nasional yang disebut dengan “Bhineka Tunggal Ika”. Dalam menyikapi pluralisme agama adalah dengan memahami dan menilai agama lain berdasarkan standar mereka sendiri serta memberi peluang bagi mereka untuk mengartikulasikan pluralisme agama. Beragam konflik terjadi yang melibatkan kelompok etnis dan agama masih sering terjadi di Indonesia. Konflik tersebut bisa terjadi akibat kurangnya pemahaman terhadap arti keberagaman. Berbagai praktik pluralisme di Indonesia sudah diterapkan seperti do‟a bersama antar agama dan ikut serta dalam merayakan hari raya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah peneitian kepustakaan (library research), sifat dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Sumber data dalam penelitian bersumber dari data primer, yaitu dari al-Qur‟an dan kitab tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur‟an serta bersumber dari data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dengan metode deskriptif dan deduktif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan pluralisme di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya berhasil karena masih terdapat beberapa tantangan dalam pelaksanaannya, diantaranya masih banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang kurang memahami arti dari pluralisme agama .Masalah dan konflik yang timbul antar umat beragama masih sering terjadi karena pluralisme tidak disikapi dengan tepat. Penafsiran Sayyid Quthb terhadap ayat-ayat tentang pluralisme agama adalah prinsip kebebasan beragama tidak berhubungan dengan kebenaran satu agama. Keberagaman seseorang harus didasarkan atas keinginan dan kemauan individu, dikarenakan semua pilihan akan ada pertanggung jawabannya. Kata Kunci: Agama, Pluralisme, Toleransi ABSTRACT Pluralism is a condition of living together between different religions in one community while still paying attention to the specific characteristics or teachings of each religion. The Indonesian state has embraced religious pluralism.Religious pluralism is expressed in the national ideology which is "Bhineka Tunggal Ika". Understanding religious pluralism is to understand and judge other religions based on their own standards and provide opportunities for them to articulate religious pluralism. Various conflicts that occur involving ethnic and religious groups are still common in Indonesia. These conflicts can occur due to a lack of understanding in the meaning of diversity. Various practices of pluralism in Indonesia have been implemented such as praying together between religions and celebratingreligious holidays. The method used in this research is qualitative method. This type of research is library research, the nature of this research is descriptive analysis. The source of data in this study comes from primary data, namely from the Qur'an and the book of interpretation of Fi Zhilail Qur'an and sourced from secondary data. The data collection method in this research is documentation. The methods of data analysis in this study use an approach of descriptive and deductive methods. The result in this study is the implementation of pluralism in Indonesia has not been fully successful because there are still several challenges in its implementation. Such challenges include many Indonesians who do not understand the meaning of religious pluralism. Problems and conflicts that arise between religious communities often occur because pluralism is not addressed properly.Sayyid Qutb's interpretation of the verses on religious pluralism is that the principle of religious freedom is not related to the truth of one religion. The diversity of a person must be based on the wishes and desires of the individual, because all choices will have accountability. Key words: religion, pluralism, toleranc

Developing an improved disaster management framework to enhance resilience in Kuwait

Disaster management is considered as a priority worldwide where the aim of national governments has been to reduce the loss of life and properties. Different researchers and experts have tried over decades to develop several disaster management models, which is also known as disaster management life cycle (the phases). This has been used to support the emergency planners in understanding disaster management requirements for each phase. Despite all the efforts spent on developing a comprehensive disaster management model, disasters still cause severe damage globally. In Kuwait, the strategic disaster management committee lacks any clear disaster management standards and guidelines. This has resulted in citizens being exposed to different types of hazards and life threatening dangers. There are several factors which have caused the poor performance of crises management in Kuwait and some of the major factors include; a poor disaster management framework, lack of coordination, communication between key stakeholders, and outdated disaster management acts. The aim of this research is to improve the current disaster management framework in Kuwait, with a view to enhancing government’s response through using comprehensive disaster management practices. To better understand how this research will improve the current disaster management framework, it was thought necessary to scrutinise the experience from the strategic disaster management committee perspectives in uncompromised detail, which led to the use of interpretivism approach to develop theory from practice. Also, to this end a qualitative methodology was adopted with the aim of exploring how disaster management practices can be improved. The data collection mechanism used was a semi-structured interview carried out with 26 participants from the strategic disaster management committee in Kuwait. The data analysis procedure was performed by combining the review of documentary evidence, cognitive mapping along with content analysis. In addition, a focus group technique was used for validating the final framework. These results showed that the current disaster management framework was limited because it lacked the following: acceptable disaster management model, scientific support, accountability of stakeholders in the disaster management and, most importantly, lack of any unified disaster management act. The author argues that this research has added significant empirical guidelines within the disaster management field. As a consequence of this, the study also formulated a theoretical understanding of disaster management by taking into account all phases of the disaster management life cycle. It also incorporates the strengths of the local government through engaging with key strategic stakeholders who are able to understand disaster management models and needs. Finally, this research can be used as a road map for emergency planning that can integrate theoretical factors in the disaster management model such as; the disaster management life cycle

Fatigue Evaluation through Machine Learning and a Global Fatigue Descriptor

Research in physiology and sports science has shown that fatigue, a complex psychophysiological phenomenon, has a relevant impact in performance and in the correct functioning of our motricity system, potentially being a cause of damage to the human organism. Fatigue can be seen as a subjective or objective phenomenon. Subjective fatigue corresponds to a mental and cognitive event, while fatigue referred as objective is a physical phenomenon. Despite the fact that subjective fatigue is often undervalued, only a physically and mentally healthy athlete is able to achieve top performance in a discipline. )erefore, we argue that physical training programs should address the preventive assessment of both subjective and objective fatigue mechanisms in order to minimize the risk of injuries. In this context, our paper presents a machine-learning system capable of extracting individual fatigue descriptors (IFDs) from electromyographic (EMG) and heart rate variability (HRV) measurements. Our novel approach, using two types of biosignals so that a global (mental and physical) fatigue assessment is taken into account, reflects the onset of fatigue by implementing a combination of a dimensionless (0-1) global fatigue descriptor (GFD) and a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. )e system, based on 9 main combined features, achieves fatigue regime classification performances of 0.82 ± 0.24, ensuring a successful preventive assessment when dangerous fatigue levels are reached. Training data were acquired in a constant work rate test (executed by 14 subjects using a cycloergometry device), where the variable under study (fatigue) gradually increased until the volunteer reached an objective exhaustion state

Experiencing discomfort : designing for affect from first-person perspective

In this paper, we describe how by embracing a first-person design perspective we engaged with the uncomfortable to successfully gain insight into the design of affective technologies. Firstly, we experience estrangement that highlights and grounds our bodies as desired in the targeted technology interaction. Secondly, we understand design preconceptions, risks and limitations of the design artifacts

Biosensing and Actuation—Platforms Coupling Body Input-Output Modalities for Affective Technologies

Research in the use of ubiquitous technologies, tracking systems and wearables within mental health domains is on the rise. In recent years, affective technologies have gained traction and garnered the interest of interdisciplinary fields as the research on such technologies matured. However, while the role of movement and bodily experience to affective experience is well-established, how to best address movement and engagement beyond measuring cues and signals in technology-driven interactions has been unclear. In a joint industry-academia effort, we aim to remodel how affective technologies can help address body and emotional self-awareness. We present an overview of biosignals that have become standard in low-cost physiological monitoring and show how these can be matched with methods and engagements used by interaction designers skilled in designing for bodily engagement and aesthetic experiences. Taking both strands of work together offers unprecedented design opportunities that inspire further research. Through first-person soma design, an approach that draws upon the designer’s felt experience and puts the sentient body at the forefront, we outline a comprehensive work for the creation of novel interactions in the form of couplings that combine biosensing and body feedback modalities of relevance to affective health. These couplings lie within the creation of design toolkits that have the potential to render rich embodied interactions to the designer/user. As a result we introduce the concept of “orchestration”. By orchestration, we refer to the design of the overall interaction: coupling sensors to actuation of relevance to the affective experience; initiating and closing the interaction; habituating; helping improve on the users’ body awareness and engagement with emotional experiences; soothing, calming, or energising, depending on the affective health condition and the intentions of the designer. Through the creation of a range of prototypes and couplings we elicited requirements on broader orchestration mechanisms. First-person soma design lets researchers look afresh at biosignals that, when experienced through the body, are called to reshape affective technologies with novel ways to interpret biodata, feel it, understand it and reflect upon our bodies

Unpacking Non-Dualistic Design: The Soma Design Case

We report on a somaesthetic design workshop and the subsequent analytical work aiming to demystify what is entailed in a non-dualistic design stance on embodied interaction and why a first-person engagement is crucial to its unfoldings. However, as we will uncover through a detailed account of our process, these first-person engagements are deeply entangled with second- and third-person perspectives, sometimes even overlapping. The analysis furthermore reveals some strategies for bridging the body-mind divide by attending to our inner universe and dissolving or traversing dichotomies between inside and outside; individual and social; body and technology. By detailing the creative process, we show how soma design becomes a process of designing with and through kinesthetic experience, in turn letting us confront several dualisms that run like fault lines through HCI's engagement with embodied interaction