9 research outputs found
Probing Cosmic Reionization and Molecular Gas Growth with TIME
Line intensity mapping (LIM) provides a unique and powerful means to probe
cosmic structures by measuring the aggregate line emission from all galaxies
across redshift. The method is complementary to conventional galaxy redshift
surveys that are object-based and demand exquisite point-source sensitivity.
The Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment (TIME) will measure the star
formation rate (SFR) during cosmic reionization by observing the redshifted
[CII] 158m line () in the LIM regime. TIME will
simultaneously study the abundance of molecular gas during the era of peak star
formation by observing the rotational CO lines emitted by galaxies at . We present the modeling framework that predicts the
constraining power of TIME on a number of observables, including the line
luminosity function, and the auto- and cross-correlation power spectra,
including synergies with external galaxy tracers. Based on an optimized survey
strategy and fiducial model parameters informed by existing observations, we
forecast constraints on physical quantities relevant to reionization and galaxy
evolution, such as the escape fraction of ionizing photons during reionization,
the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function at high redshift, and the
cosmic molecular gas density at cosmic noon. We discuss how these constraints
can advance our understanding of cosmological galaxy evolution at the two
distinct cosmic epochs for TIME, starting in 2021, and how they could be
improved in future phases of the experiment.Comment: 30 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Le secteur des biotechnologies appliquées à la santé humaine (éléments d'analyse de marché)
CHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Physicians' perceptions of patient treatment with recently approved drugs
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, chronic and ultimately fatal disease for which only palliative treatments existed until recently. Between 2011 and 2015, two new drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, were approved in the US and Europe for the treatment of IPF, providing hope for patients. The objectives of our work were to understand physicians' expected use of these new treatments in the US and Europe, and to estimate their potential. To achieve this goal, we conducted surveys amongst US and European Union (EU) pulmonologists caring for patients with IPF. There was a significant difference between EU and US physicians in the treatment of patients with mild disease with pirfenidone; the EU physicians anticipated using pirfenidone for 57% of their patients with mild disease, whereas the US pulmonologists anticipated using it for 34% of their patients (p = 0.01). Regarding patients with severe disease, the US pulmonologists anticipated treating 74% with either pirfenidone (46%) or nintedanib (28%), whereas the EU pulmonologists treated 28% with pirfenidone and anticipated treating 20% with nintedanib. These findings suggest treatment with pirfenidone and nintedanib based on disease severity may vary between US and EU physicians, which may affect patient outcomes
Self-reported physician practices in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Diagnosis, assessment, and referral
Background: Numerous clinical trials have contributed to rapid advancements in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), yet patients often do not undergo right heart catheterization (RHC) with vasoreactivity testing and may receive a delayed or incorrect diagnosis. Efforts to improve standards of care include the designation of Pulmonary Hypertension Association (PHA)-Accredited PH Care Centers (PHCCs). This study evaluated current practices in the diagnosis and assessment of PAH.
Methods: A survey of 167 physicians who had ≥1 claim for PAH in the past 3 months was conducted.
Results: Of 167 respondents, 15% were affiliated with a PHCC, 40% had referred ≥1 patient with diagnosed PAH, and 79% had ≥1 patient referred to them by another physician who they then newly diagnosed with PAH. More than half (52%) reported having ≥1 patient who was previously misdiagnosed with PAH referred to them by another physician. RHC and vasoreactivity testing, respectively, were performed in 43% and 33% of patients with PAH who respondents referred to another physician, 86% and 67% of patients newly diagnosed by respondents, and 84% and 57% of patients who respondents considered accurately diagnosed prior to being referred to them. Respondents affiliated with a PHCC were more likely to try to refer to another physician affiliated with a PHCC, and to perform RHC and vasoreactivity testing.
Conclusions: Self-reported clinical practices often deviated from established guidelines. Future research should focus on both clinical efficacy and ways to encourage clinicians to bring their practices in line with well-supported, evidence-based recommendations