244 research outputs found
Topological monodromy as an obstruction to Hamiltonization of nonholonomic systems: pro or contra?
The phenomenon of a topological monodromy in integrable Hamiltonian and
nonholonomic systems is discussed. An efficient method for computing and
visualizing the monodromy is developed. The comparative analysis of the
topological monodromy is given for the rolling ellipsoid of revolution problem
in two cases, namely, on a smooth and on a rough plane. The first of these
systems is Hamiltonian, the second is nonholonomic. We show that, from the
viewpoint of monodromy, there is no difference between the two systems, and
thus disprove the conjecture by Cushman and Duistermaat stating that the
topological monodromy gives a topological obstruction for Hamiltonization of
the rolling ellipsoid of revolution on a rough plane.Comment: 31 pages, 11 figure
Is There Quantum Gravity in Two Dimensions?
A hybrid model which allows to interpolate between the (original) Regge
approach and dynamical triangulations is introduced. The gained flexibility in
the measure is exploited to study dynamical triangulation in a fixed geometry.
Our numerical results support KPZ exponents. A critical assessment concerning
the apparent lack of gravitational effects in two dimensions follows.Comment: 20 pages including 4 figures, uuencoded Z-compressed .tar file
created by uufile
ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ: ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² βΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ β
Hegumen Joseph of Volokolamskβs writings and Archbishop Gennady of Novgorodβs epistles are the bulk of sources for the history of the heresy movement known as the βJudaizersβ. However, the subject of relationship between these two accusers of heresy is still not sufficiently studied, and we have no proof of direct contacts between the Volotsk monastery and the Archbishopβs throne. At the same time, using the hagiographical sources about Joseph Volotsky allows us to suggest that these contacts did exist in the form of exchanging letters, and some books at the Volotsk Monastery library, judging by the scribesβ additions, were made at the scriptorium of the Novgorodian throne. The transfer of several works from Novgorod to Volok probably was a decisive factor for hegumen Josephβs notions of the heresy, and some of the works received had direct influence on his polemic essays against the heretics. The author proposes a hypothesis that the notions of Judaic origins of the heresy were formed as a result of Archbishop Gennady comparing iconolatry practices occurring in Novgorod with the description of iconoclasm from The Epistle of Photios, the Patriarch of Constantinople, to Mikhail, the Prince of Bulgaria. Thus, iconoclasm became one of the main features of the βJudaizersβ. But the βJudaizersβ themselves did not view their common worshipping practices as heretical. This attitude towards the accusations allowed Archbishop Gennady to also accuse them of involvement with the Messalian heresy. Gennady based his charges on The Old Slavonic Nomocanon paragraphs on Messalians. Probably, the manuscript of thisΒ Nomocanon was delivered from Novgorod Archiepiscopal Court to Volokolamsk monastery along with the copies of other βJudaizersββ writings, found by the archbishop. Some paragraphs on Messalians from the The Old Slavonic Nomocanon brought us to conclusion that they were used by Joseph Volotsky as the main source for his theory of βwise guilesβ, which were supposed to reveal heretics.Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ βΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
β. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»Π°Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π°Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅. Π€Π°ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊ, Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π» ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅Β ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡ
Π° Π€ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ½ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΠΎΠ»Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ» ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² βΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ²Π°β. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ βΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅β Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΌ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π² Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π»Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
Π² ΠΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊ. ΠΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²-βΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
β. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ βΠ±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
β, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π» Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°, Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° ΠΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
The conflict between the Joseph-Volokolamsk monastery and the Novgorod see under Archbishop Serapion was touched upon in a considerable number of works devoted to the history of the Russian church at the turn of the 16th century. Regardless of whom the researchers were inclined to consider as the instigator of the feud, most of their studies were based on the sources of Josephite origin. The present paper is an attempt to look at the complex relationship of the Volokolamsk hegumen with the Novgorod archbishop as presented in the Life of St. Serapion. A preliminary analysis of the composition of the text shows its heterogeneity: the Life contains both passages with sharp attacks on Joseph Volotsky, and a generally quite correct account of his reconciliation with Serapion. Most of the article is devoted to the question of how Archbishop Serapion himself and his supporters were inclined to evaluate the actions of Joseph Volotsky, which were directed squarely against the Novgorod archbishop and ended with his forcible removal from the bishopβs see at the behest of the Grand Prince. Consideration of this issue essentially allows us to conclude that the system of self-justification of the Novgorod archbishop in the text of his Life was quite deliberate and consistent and was based primarily on his ideas about the bishop's prerogatives in relation to the Volokolamsk hegumen subordinate to his authority.DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2020.9.1.5ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎ-ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ° XVβXVIΒ Π²Π². ΠΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΡ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²Π»Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ: Π² ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π· ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ Π‘Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π»Π°Π΄ΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ½ΡΠ·Ρ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ± Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ.Β DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2020.9.1.
ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (1626 Π³.): Π Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
The tragic death of hegumen Adrian, who was the founder of the Holy Assumption Adrian Monastery in Poshekhonye, and was killed by the peasants of Beloe village on 5 March 1550, received an unexpected continuation in connection with the discovery of Adrianβs relics. Despite the fact that a thorough investigation of the crime had been carried out, and the perpetrators of the attack on the monastery had been punished severely, the relics of hegumen Adrian were never found at that time. They were discovered only 76 years later. As is turned out, pious serfs secretly buried Adrianβs remains near an abandoned church on the banks of the Ukhra River. They also planted a rowan tree, which became the object of worship among the villagers. Shortly before Adrian's relics were discovered, a monastery was founded near the sacred rowan. The monasteryβs founder, hegumen Lavrentiy, was the main initiator of the search for the relics. Probably, Lavrentiy wrote the Tale about Finding the Relics of Venerable Martyr Adrian, in which he described the events in detail. However, by careful analyses of the text of the curios, the author concludes that the relics discovered in 1626 might not belong to Adrian. This is indicated by certain points in the narrative, which suggests that hegumen Lavrentiy was inclined to wishful thinking. The fact of finding the relics seems to be indisputable, but their identification is doubtful. Probably, the discovered relics did not belong to Adrian, but to an unknown monk who once lived in the area.Β DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.5Π’ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π£ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π°, ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 5 ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° 1550 Π³. ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π° Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ 76 Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ, Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π£Ρ
ΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π° Π±Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» Β«Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ», Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π» ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π² 1626 Π³. ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Β«Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅Β» ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅. Π‘Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ: Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π°, Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π°.DOI: 10.31168/2305-6754.2022.11.1.
Effects of memristor-based coupling in the ensemble of FitzHugh-Nagumo elements
In this paper, we study the impact of electrical and memristor-based
couplings on some neuron-like spiking regimes, previously observed in the
ensemble of two identical FitzHugh-Nagumo elements with chemical excitatory
coupling. We demonstrate how increasing strength of these couplings affects on
such stable periodic regimes as spiking in-phase, anti-phase and sequential
activity. We show that the presence of electrical and memristor-based coupling
does not essentially affect regimes of in-phase activity. Such regimes do not
changes remaining stable ones. However, it is not the case for regimes of
anti-phase and sequential activity. All such regimes can transform into
periodic or chaotic ones which are very similar to the regimes of in-phase
activity. Concerning the regimes of sequential activity, this transformation
depends continuously on the coupling parameters, whereas some anti-phase
regimes can disappear via a saddle-node bifurcation and nearby orbits tend to
regimes of in-phase activity. Also, we show that new interesting neuron-like
phenomena can appear from the regimes of sequential activity when increasing
the strength of electrical and/or memristor-based coupling. The corresponding
regimes can be associated with the appearance of spiral attractors containing a
saddle-focus equilibrium with homoclinic orbit and, thus, they correspond to
chaotic motions near the invariant manifold of synchronization, which contains
all in-phase limit cycles. Such new regimes can lead to the emergence of
extreme events in the system of coupled neurons. In particular, the interspike
intervals can become arbitrarily large when orbit pass very close to the
saddle-focus. Finally, we show that the further increase in the strength of
electrical coupling and/or memristor-based coupling leads to decreasing
interspike intervals and, thus, it helps to avoid such extreme behavior
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