Primer año de vida en recièn nacidos bajo peso

Introducciòn: El bajo peso al nacer es un indicador que influye de forma directa en la morbi-mortalidad infantil y en el posterior desarrollo del niño.Objetivo: Caracterizar los recién nacidos bajo peso pretérmino y a término durante el primer año de vida en el Policlínico Universitario “Héroes del Moncada”, período 2006 – 2011.Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal con 41 recién nacidos bajo peso.Resultados: El crecimiento intrauterino retardado se presentó en 31 de los niños. Predominó la hiperbilirrubinemia como trastorno asociado al nacimiento en el 50% de los prematuros. A los 12 meses el 59,1% de los niños pretérmino y el 57,9% de los a término fueron considerados normopeso. El 63, 6% de los recién nacidos bajo peso pretérmino enfermó durante el primer año de vida.Conclusiones: Predominaron los niños con bajo peso al nacer pretérmino, los cuales presentaron en su totalidad trastornos asociados al nacimiento. El incremento medio de las variables antropométricas fue mayor en los mismos. Por el contrario los recién nacidos bajo peso a término fueron niños con crecimiento intrauterino retardado, que no presentaron enfermedades asociadas al nacer. Predominaron aquellos a término que recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva y que no enfermaron durante el primer año de vida.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Low birth weight is an indicator that directly influences on infant morbidity and mortality and subsequent child development. Objective: To characterize low preterm infants and term weight during the first year of life at the "Heroes of Moncada" Policlinic, in the period 2006-2011. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with 41 underweight newborns was performed.Results: Intrauterine growth retardation occurred in 31 children. Predominated hyperbilirubinemia as a disorder associated with birth in 50% of preterm. At 12 months, 59.1% of preterm infants and 57.9% of term were considered normal weight. 63, 6% of preterm low weight babies ill during the first year of life.Conclusions: There is a predominance of children with low birth weight, preterm, which presented disorders associated with birth. The average increases in the anthropometric variables were higher in them. Conversely underweight term newborns were children with intrauterine growth retardation, who did not presented associated diseases at birth.

Characterization of participants adolescents in the clinical trial with Abdala vaccine

Introduction: The clinical evaluation of anti-COVID-19 vaccines in pediatric population, is a challenge in times of pandemic, to respond to the urgency of representative samples that contribute to the reproducibility of the study in the real population. Objective: To characterize the adolescents participating in the clinical trial with the Abdala anti-COVID-19 vaccine, to evaluate compliance with the vaccination schedule and to estimate whether they are representative of this population group. Methods: Data from a phase II trial with Abdala vaccine were used. A total of 703 subjects were included, 207 (29.4 %) of them were adolescents, between 12 and 18 years of age, with apparently healthy or controlled chronic diseases, nutritional assessment between 10 and 90 percentiles, and willingness to participate in the study. Sociodemographic data, personal pathological history, toxic habits and compliance with the vaccination scheme of 3 doses every 14 days were the variables studied. Results: The average age was 15 years, it was predominant female sex (51.7 %), white skin color (55.6 %) and nutritional assessment above 75 to 90 percentiles (40.6 %). The 9.6 % had toxic habits such as smoking and ingestion of alcoholic beverages. Some personal pathological history was in 51.2 % with a higher prevalence for bronchial asthma, rhinitis and other allergies. The vaccination scheme was fulfilled for 95.8 % of individuals. Conclusions: Sociodemographic characteristics, pathological history and toxic habits described for adolescents on the study are representative for this population group in Cuba. The vaccination schedule had an optimal compliance