Analisi del trend di mortalità durante la venuta e la causa di contagio di pollame in allevamento sull‘azienda agricola Lieskovec (Repubblica Slovacca) dal 2006 al 2010

The influence of transport distance and temperature on the dead on arrival and condemnation causes of broiler chickens from a small farm Lieskovec (Slovak Republic) in the period 2006-2010 was evaluated. The results showed significant increase in dead on arrival and condemnation percentage in relation to the transport distance and season. The average percentage of the dead on arrival throughout the whole period was 0.209% (0.031 to 0.702%) and the average percentage of condemnation was 0.524% (0.041 to 1.422). The most common causes of condemnation were cyanosis, birds slaughtered in agony, breaking of the legs and wings and cachexy.Sažetak Istraživan je utjecaj trajanja transporta i temperature u transportu na uzroke uginuća i procjenu bolesnih stanja tovnih pilića s male farme Lieskovec (Republika Slovačka) u razdoblju od 2006. do 2010. godine. Rezultati su pokazali značajan porast uginuća i postotak bolesti ovisno o vremenu transporta i godišnjem dobu. Prosječan postotak uginulih pilića pri istovaru u klaoničkom objektu tijekom istraživanog perioda je iznosio 0,209% (0,031 do 0,702%) a znakovi bolesnih stanja uočeni su u 0,524% slučajeva (0,041 do 1,422). Uzroci su bili cijanoza, lom nogu i krila, kaheksija, te je zamijećeno iskrvarenje pilića u agoniji.Zusammenfassung Es wurde der Einfluss von Transportentfernung und Temperatur auf die Kadaver beim Ankommen und Verseuchungsursache von Masthühnern auf der kleinen Farm Lieskovac (Republik Slowakei) in der Zeitspanne vom 2006 – 2010 untersucht. Die Resultate zeig- ten einen bedeutenden Aufstieg des Verendens beim Ankommen und Erhöhung des Verseuchungsprozentes in Bezug auf die Trans- portentfernung und Jahreszeit. Der durchschnittliche Prozent des Verendens beim Akommen betrug während der ganzen Periode 0.209 % (0.031 bis 0.702 %) und der durchschnittliche Verseuchungsprozent betrug 0.524 % (0.041 bis 1.422). Die häufigsten Ursachen dafür waren: Zyanose, Hühner geschlachtet in Agonie, Bruch der Beine und der Flügel, allgemeine Schwäche.Sommario In quest‘articolo è stato ricercato l‘influsso della distanza di trasporto e della temperatura agli addomi nel momento di venuta, e la causa di contagio di pollame in allevamento dalla piccola azienda d‘allevamento Lieskovec (nella Repubblica Slovacca) tra gli anni 2006 e 2010. I risultati hanno dimostrato una notevole crescita di mortalità fino al momento di venuta e la crescita della percentuale di contagio rispetto alla distanza del trasporto e della stagione. La percentuale in media di polli morti fino all‘arrivo durante tutto il periodo faceva lo 0.209% (dallo 0.031 allo 0.702%) e la percentuale in media di contagio faceva lo 0.524% (dallo 0.041 allo 1.422). I motivi che più spesso si ripetevano erano: la cianosi, i polli macellati nell’agonia, le fratture delle gambe e delle ali di polli e la loro debolezza in generale

Shopping behavior of the silver generation In Slovakia: A case study Nitra

The Slovak population, like the population in other European countries, is aging. The population in the older age groups is growing by increasing the average age of life. Even in old age, people are still active, they like to actively participate in social and economic activities, and they carry out various hobby activities, which preserve but also increase the quality of their personal lives. Seniors over the age of 50+, referred to as the silver generation, are important consumers of a wide range of services, including the growing retail services. These are the reasons why an increased attention needs to be paid to them. The aim of the paper is to know the shopping behavior of the silver generation in relation to the specificity of the spatial structure of retail facilities. The research was carried out in the Slovak city of Nitra. This West Slovak city is known for its history, university education facilities and currently especially the automotive industry, which has significantly contributed to improving the economic conditions of its inhabitants. The shopping types of senior respondents were obtained by questionnaires and evaluated by a comparative analysis based on a description. The results of the research show that the behavior of the current silver generation is changing in comparison to the previous one. The closest relationship between the seniors' traditional way of shopping and the traditional mixed retail facilities in the central part of the city has not been confirmed. The statistically closest relationship between the shopping types of seniors was confirmed in the residential districts where the retail facilities consist of large shopping centers, supermarkets and hypermarkets with a concentrated offer. Senior shopping is changing significantly and is in line with modern trends. New forms of retail supply change the usual patterns of senior shopping behavior.VEGA [1/0245/21]; [1/0880/21

Euroscepticism in Times of Crises: Analyzing the Public Media Discourse in the Czech Republic

The region of Central Europe, and particularly the countries that form the Visegrad group, has seen a rise in anti-EU sentiment and EuroskepticismEuroscepticism[B1] . The Czech Republic is considered one of the most suitable examples of this phenomenon across Europe. However, this state is not status quo. During the times of various global crises, the level of Euroscepticism fluctuates. Due to this reason, the thesis analyzes two crises, which are This thesis focuses on a particular case of the Czech Republic, where two distinct crises—the immigration inflow in 2015 and the Russian invasion in 2022, and their divergent public reactions. The Czech society was more anti-EU oriented during the migration crisis, whereas later when Russia invaded Ukraine, they felt closer to the European Union. I approach this phenomenon from the media perspective and its public media discourse by researching existing literature, analyzing media content, and collecting questionnaires filled out by experts. The media are two online most-read news platforms Novinky and iDnes, which also both existed before the first crisis. The interrogated professionals are working for the European Union in the Czech environment, so they are very well-orientated in the Czech media talking about the European Union.  Results from all three sources —led to divergent public reactions, with the former feeling more Euroskeptic and the latter feeling closer to the European Union. This peculiarity was examined through the eyes of two online news media and the EU officials employed in the Czech setting. The findings indicate that the public media discourse is diversely Europeanized throughout different crises, or in other words, influenced by the European environment and membership in the EU. Thiswhich results in the European institutions being blamed or praisedexalted for coming up with solutions. The European Union officials in questionnaires respondents complement this statement by claiming that these stories are having an impact on Czech society. This observation implies that the reaction to external crises is based on various factors such as the government's position, common enemy, fear of the unknown, or more readable negative news.  For these reasons, the Czech future attitude towards the European Union is unpredictable. At the same time, the thesis highlights several observations important for regional development, which are similar discourses in cities of different sizes, more optimistic attitudes with a higher number of news, and the danger of simplifying opinion groups into anti-European and pro-European only. There is a significant impact that this observed connection will have on the future development of the region

Euroscepticism in Times of Crises: Analyzing the Public Media Discourse in the Czech Republic

The region of Central Europe, and particularly the countries that form the Visegrad group, has seen a rise in anti-EU sentiment and EuroskepticismEuroscepticism[B1] . The Czech Republic is considered one of the most suitable examples of this phenomenon across Europe. However, this state is not status quo. During the times of various global crises, the level of Euroscepticism fluctuates. Due to this reason, the thesis analyzes two crises, which are This thesis focuses on a particular case of the Czech Republic, where two distinct crises—the immigration inflow in 2015 and the Russian invasion in 2022, and their divergent public reactions. The Czech society was more anti-EU oriented during the migration crisis, whereas later when Russia invaded Ukraine, they felt closer to the European Union. I approach this phenomenon from the media perspective and its public media discourse by researching existing literature, analyzing media content, and collecting questionnaires filled out by experts. The media are two online most-read news platforms Novinky and iDnes, which also both existed before the first crisis. The interrogated professionals are working for the European Union in the Czech environment, so they are very well-orientated in the Czech media talking about the European Union.  Results from all three sources —led to divergent public reactions, with the former feeling more Euroskeptic and the latter feeling closer to the European Union. This peculiarity was examined through the eyes of two online news media and the EU officials employed in the Czech setting. The findings indicate that the public media discourse is diversely Europeanized throughout different crises, or in other words, influenced by the European environment and membership in the EU. Thiswhich results in the European institutions being blamed or praisedexalted for coming up with solutions. The European Union officials in questionnaires respondents complement this statement by claiming that these stories are having an impact on Czech society. This observation implies that the reaction to external crises is based on various factors such as the government's position, common enemy, fear of the unknown, or more readable negative news.  For these reasons, the Czech future attitude towards the European Union is unpredictable. At the same time, the thesis highlights several observations important for regional development, which are similar discourses in cities of different sizes, more optimistic attitudes with a higher number of news, and the danger of simplifying opinion groups into anti-European and pro-European only. There is a significant impact that this observed connection will have on the future development of the region

Teachers’ Attitudes to Incorporation Digital Means in Teaching Process in Relation to the Subjects they Teach

The paper presents some of the empirical results of the research focused on iden-tification of the ways the primary and secondary school teachers use interactive educational activities and digital means in their teaching practice in dependence on the subjects they teach. The main research question was whether the ways of the use of interactive educational activities and digital means are the same for all teachers, independently on the character of the subject they teach, or whether it depends on the taught subject. As the results have showed, the purposes signifi-cantly differ in dependence on the character of the taught subjects. In the paper, in more detail results for teaching natural science subjects and foreign languages are discussed

Teachers’ Attitudes to Incorporation Digital Means in Teaching Process in Relation to the Subjects they Teach

The paper presents some of the empirical results of the research focused on iden-tification of the ways the primary and secondary school teachers use interactive educational activities and digital means in their teaching practice in dependence on the subjects they teach. The main research question was whether the ways of the use of interactive educational activities and digital means are the same for all teachers, independently on the character of the subject they teach, or whether it depends on the taught subject. As the results have showed, the purposes signifi-cantly differ in dependence on the character of the taught subjects. In the paper, in more detail results for teaching natural science subjects and foreign languages are discussed

Ecological Farming in Slovakia and Its Regional Disparities

The paper points at the origin and development of ecological farming in Slovakia from 1991 to 2015. As the positive aspect of this period can be considered the increasing area of ecologically farmed agricultural land, as well as increasing number of farmers and a slight increase in the number of processors of ecological production. The increased interest of farmers in ecological farming on land occurred mainly after Slovakia's accession to the EU. The next part of the paper is dedicated to the regional disparities in ecological production at NUTS III (Slovak regions). To analyze spatial disparities at the regional level, we used the most widely applied statistical methods - standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The largest localization of ecological production is in northern Slovakia - in Žilina and Prešov region, in central Slovakia in Banská Bystrica region. In these regions, there are higher acreage of ecological farmland. Despite the slight increase of processors of ecological produce, they still lack in Slovakia. Processors of ecological products operate mainly in the regions of western and eastern Slovakia and north of the country. With the lack of ecological production, there is relatively underdeveloped distribution of products of ecological production and its lower consumption in the domestic market. Offers of bio-products is relatively low and weak competitive environment does not create the pressure to still reduce still high prices of ecological production

Shopping behavior of the silver generation in Slovakia: a case study Nitra

The Slovak population, like the population in other European countries, is aging. The population in the older age groups is growing by increasing the average age of life. Even in old age, people are still active, they like to actively participate in social and economic activities, and they carry out various hobby activities, which preserve but also increase the quality of their personal lives. Seniors over the age of 50+, referred to as the silver generation, are important consumers of a wide range of services, including the growing retail services. These are the reasons why an increased attention needs to be paid to them. The aim of the paper is to know the shopping behavior of the silver generation in relation to the specificity of the spatial structure of retail facilities. The research was carried out in the Slovak city of Nitra. This West Slovak city is known for its history, university education facilities and currently especially the automotive industry, which has significantly contributed to improving the economic conditions of its inhabitants. The shopping types of senior respondents were obtained by questionnaires and evaluated by a comparative analysis based on a description. The results of the research show that the behavior of the current silver generation is changing in comparison to the previous one. The closest relationship between the seniors’ traditional way of shopping and the traditional mixed retail facilities in the central part of the city has not been confirmed. The statistically closest relationship between the shopping types of seniors was confirmed in the residential districts where the retail facilities consist of large shopping centers, supermarkets and hypermarkets with a concentrated offer. Senior shopping is changing significantly and is in line with modern trends. New forms of retail supply change the usual patterns of senior shopping behavior

Quantifying of objective poverty in the districts of the Banská Bystrica Region (Slovak Republic)

Poverty, as a multispectral phenomenon caused by severe material depriving of the population, is now becoming one of the most watched socio-economic phenomena. Its scale and severity continue to increase in social consequences. The aim of the paper is to quantify and visualize the extent and level of poverty risk in the selected districts in Slovakia based on selected indicators and to compare their rates in 2015, 2019, and 2021. The methodology of the pilot case study is based on a multi-criteria assessment of the poverty rate in a statistically unprocessed territorial unit (district) through 19 objective indicators in three domains: socio-demographic, economic performance, and infrastructure. Metfessel allocation, Fuller, and Saaty methods were used for its evaluation. It is gratifying that the at-risk-of-poverty rate expressed by the synthesis of 19 indicators has decreased in all districts. In 2019, the poverty level decreased by 2.61 points (21.17%) compared to 2015 (23.78%). In 2021, the problem worsened again, and the poverty rate increased by 2.03 points to 23.2%. The Banská Bystrica region is characterized by low economic activity, reflected in the second lowest employment and the second highest unemployment rates, where up to 48.5% of the unemployed are under 35. The paper contributes to the growing debates on the inequality in living conditions, poverty, and marginalization, the scale and severity of which continue to increase in social consequences. © Miroslava Trembošová, Jan Kramoliš, Ľudmila Nagyová, Janka Beresecká, Alena Dubcová, 2023