359 research outputs found
Supersymmetric and Shape-Invariant Generalization for Nonresonant and Intensity-Dependent Jaynes-Cummings Systems
A class of shape-invariant bound-state problems which represent transition in
a two-level system introduced earlier are generalized to include arbitrary
energy splittings between the two levels as well as intensity-dependent
interactions. We show that the couple-channel Hamiltonians obtained correspond
to the generalizations of the nonresonant and intensity-dependent nonresonant
Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonians, widely used in quantized theories of laser. In
this general context, we determine the eigenstates, eigenvalues, the time
evolution matrix and the population inversion matrix factor.Comment: A combined version of quant-ph/0005045 and quant-ph/0005046. 24
pages, LATE
An Algebraic q-Deformed Form for Shape-Invariant Systems
A quantum deformed theory applicable to all shape-invariant bound-state
systems is introduced by defining q-deformed ladder operators. We show these
new ladder operators satisfy new q-deformed commutation relations. In this
context we construct an alternative q-deformed model that preserve the
shape-invariance property presented by primary system. q-deformed
generalizations of Morse, Scarf, and Coulomb potentials are given as examples
Choosing Well Your Opponents: How to Guide the Synthesis of Programmatic Strategies
This paper introduces Local Learner (2L), an algorithm for providing a set of
reference strategies to guide the search for programmatic strategies in
two-player zero-sum games. Previous learning algorithms, such as Iterated Best
Response (IBR), Fictitious Play (FP), and Double-Oracle (DO), can be
computationally expensive or miss important information for guiding search
algorithms. 2L actively selects a set of reference strategies to improve the
search signal. We empirically demonstrate the advantages of our approach while
guiding a local search algorithm for synthesizing strategies in three games,
including MicroRTS, a challenging real-time strategy game. Results show that 2L
learns reference strategies that provide a stronger search signal than IBR, FP,
and DO. We also simulate a tournament of MicroRTS, where a synthesizer using 2L
outperformed the winners of the two latest MicroRTS competitions, which were
programmatic strategies written by human programmers.Comment: International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI)
202
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Host and bacterial factors that regulate LC3 recruitment to Listeria monocytogenes during the early stages of macrophage infection
Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that can escape the phagosome and replicate in the cytosol of host cells during infection. We previously observed that a population (up to 35%) of L. monocytogenes strain 10403S colocalize with the macroautophagy marker LC3 at 1 h postinfection. This is thought to give rise to spacious Listeria-containing phagosomes (SLAPs), a membrane-bound compartment harboring slow-growing bacteria that is associated with persistent infection. Here, we examined the host and bacterial factors that mediate LC3 recruitment to bacteria at 1 h postinfection. At this early time point, LC3+ bacteria were present within single-membrane phagosomes that are LAMP1+. Protein ubiquitination is known to play a role in targeting cytosolic L. monocytogenes to macroautophagy. However, we found that neither protein ubiquitination nor the ubiquitin-binding adaptor SQSTM1/p62 are associated with LC3+ bacteria at 1 h postinfection. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the CYBB/NOX2 NADPH oxidase was also required for LC3 recruitment to bacteria at 1 h postinfection and for subsequent SLAP formation. Diacylglycerol is an upstream activator of the CYBB/NOX2 NADPH oxidase, and its production by both bacterial and host phospholipases was required for LC3 recruitment to bacteria. Our data suggest that the LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) pathway, which is distinct from macroautophagy, targets L. monocytogenes during the early stage of infection within host macrophages and allows establishment of an intracellular niche (SLAPs) associated with persistent infection
Supersymmetric Jaynes-Cummings model and its exact solutions
The super-algebraic structure of a generalized version of the Jaynes-Cummings
model is investigated. We find that a Z2 graded extension of the so(2,1) Lie
algebra is the underlying symmetry of this model. It is isomorphic to the
four-dimensional super-algebra u(1/1) with two odd and two even elements.
Differential matrix operators are taken as realization of the elements of the
superalgebra to which the model Hamiltonian belongs. Several examples with
various choices of superpotentials are presented. The energy spectrum and
corresponding wavefunctions are obtained analytically.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Generalized Swanson models and their solutions
We analyze a class of non-Hermitian quadratic Hamiltonians, which are of the
form , where are real constants, with , and and are generalized
creation and annihilation operators. Thus these Hamiltonians may be classified
as generalized Swanson models. It is shown that the eigenenergies are real for
a certain range of values of the parameters. A similarity transformation
, mapping the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to a Hermitian one , is
also obtained. It is shown that and share identical energies. As
explicit examples, the solutions of a couple of models based on the
trigonometric Rosen-Morse I and the hyperbolic Rosen-Morse II type potentials
are obtained. We also study the case when the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is
symmetric.Comment: 17 page
An Algebraic Construction of Generalized Coherent States for Shape-Invariant Potentials
Generalized coherent states for shape invariant potentials are constructed
using an algebraic approach based on supersymmetric quantum mechanics. We show
this generalized formalism is able to: a) supply the essential requirements
necessary to establish a connection between classical and quantum formulations
of a given system (continuity of labeling, resolution of unity, temporal
stability, and action identity); b) reproduce results already known for
shape-invariant systems, like harmonic oscillator, double anharmonic,
Poschl-Teller and self-similar potentials and; c) point to a formalism that
provides an unified description of the different kind of coherent states for
quantum systems.Comment: 14 pages of REVTE
Completeness of Coherent States Associated with Self-Similar Potentials and Ramanujan's Integral Extension of the Beta Function
A decomposition of identity is given as a complex integral over the coherent
states associated with a class of shape-invariant self-similar potentials.
There is a remarkable connection between these coherent states and Ramanujan's
integral extension of the beta function.Comment: 9 pages of Late
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Listeria monocytogenes exploits efferocytosis to promote cell-to-cell spread
Efferocytosis, the process by which dying/dead cells are removed by phagocytosis, plays an important role in development, tissue homeostasis and innate immunity1. Efferocytosis is mediated, in part, by receptors that bind to exofacial phosphatidylserine (PS) on cells or cellular debris after loss of plasma membrane asymmetry. Here we show that a bacterial pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes (Lm), can exploit efferocytosis to promote cell-to-cell spread during infection. These bacteria can escape the phagosome in host cells using the pore-forming toxin Listeriolysin O (LLO) and two phospholipases C2. Expression of the cell surface protein ActA allows Lm to activate host actin regulatory factors and undergo actin-based motility in the cytosol, eventually leading to formation of actin-rich protrusions at the cell surface. We show that protrusion formation is associated with plasma membrane damage due to LLOâs pore-forming activity. LLO also promotes the release of bacteria-containing protrusions from the host cell, generating membrane-derived vesicles with exofacial PS. The PS-binding receptor TIM-4 contributes to efficient cell-to-cell spread by Lm in macrophages in vitro and growth of these bacteria is impaired in TIM-4â/â mice. Thus, Lm promotes its dissemination in a host by exploiting efferocytosis. Our study suggests that PS-targeted therapeutics may be useful in the fight against infections by Lm and other bacteria that utilize similar strategies of cell-to-cell spread during infection
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