Impacto del riego por goteo subsuperficial en la eficiencia de uso del agua en maíz (Zea mays L.)

Con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia de uso del agua en la agricultura, debido a que en este sector se consumen grandes cantidades de agua y, una gran cantidad de esta, es consumo no beneficioso; se estableció un ensayo en el campo experimental de la Universidad Técnica de Machala, Ecuador, sembrando 1200 m2 de maíz híbrido, distribuido en bloques completamente al azar, con 12 unidades experimentales. Los tratamientos fueron riego por goteo subsuperficial a 10 (T1), 20 (T2) y 30 (T3) cm de profundidad y cuatro repeticiones. Hubo diferencias estadísticas para todas las variables evaluadas (P<0,01), excepto para volumen de agua y tiempo total de riego por efecto de los tratamientos. El volumen total de riego fue de 55,69; 52,24 y 51,67 m3. Tiempo total de riego 36,48; 34,78 y 34,08 horas; ambas variables sin diferencias estadísticas significativas. Presentaron diferencias estadísticas significativas las variables frecuencia de riego con 3,0; 3,60 y 3,60 días; diámetro del bulbo húmedo con 42,0; 44,2 y 44,7 cm y superficie del bulbo húmedo con 13,8; 15,3 y 15,7 cm2; el rendimiento con 9232,8; 10337,5 y 10181,1 kg·ha-1 y la eficiencia de uso del agua con 6,63; 7,93 y 7,89 kg·m-3, para los tratamientos de riego por goteo subsuperficial a los 10, 20 y 30 cm de profundidad, respectivamente. La eficiencia de uso del agua, el rendimiento y la superficie del bulbo húmedo fueron mayores a 20 cm de profundidad, mientras que en todas las variables estudiadas a 10 cm de profundidad se presentaron los menores valore

Efficacy of prompted voiding for reversing urinary incontinence in older adults hospitalized in a functional recovery unit: Study protocol

Aims: To assess the efficacy of a prompted voiding programme for restoring urinary continence at discharge in hospitalized older adults who presented with reversible urinary incontinence (UI) on admission to a functional recovery unit (FRU). To assess the maintenance of the outcomes achieved after hospitalization. To identify modifiable and unmodifiable factors associated with the success of the prompted voiding programme. Design: Quasi-experimental, pre-/post-intervention study without a control group. Methods: Participants were aged 65 and over with a history of reversible UI in the previous year who had been admitted to a FRU and were on a prompted voiding programme throughout their hospitalization period. The sample consisted of 221 participants. A non-probabilistic sampling method, in order of recruitment after signing the informed consent form, was used. The primary outcomes were UI assessed at discharge and 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after discharge. Funding was granted in July 2019 by the Spain Health Research Fund (PI19/00168, Ministry of Health). The proposal was approved by the Spanish Research Ethics Committee. Discussion: The prompted voiding programme described can reverse UI or decrease the frequency and amount of urine loss in hospitalized older adults. Impact: Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent in hospitalized older adults. There is a need for care aimed at prevention, recovery and symptom control. Prompted voiding is a therapy provided by the nursing team during hospitalization and can also be provided by family caregivers at home after receiving proper training by the nursing team. Prompted voiding will enhance the health, functional ability and quality of life of older adults with UI, resulting in the reduction of associated healthcare costs and the risk of developing complicationsThis study has been funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the project “PI19/00168” (Co-funded by European Regional Development Fund/ European Social Fund “A way to make Europe”/“Investing in your future”

Determinación de la relación entre Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) y Dothiorella sp. en guayabo (Psidium guajava L.) | Relationship determination between Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) and Dothiorella sp. in guava (Psidium guajava L.)

Se diseñó un experimento para determinar la relación entre el ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis y Dothiorella sp. El ensayo se realizó en guayabos del Centro Frutícola del Zulia, Mara (10º 49’ 98’’LN y 71º 46’ 33’’LO), seleccionando 20 plantas, lascuales se sometieron a tratamientos para la obtención de frutos con heridas y sin heridas del ácaro, e inoculados o no con el hongo, aplicando acaricida (Peropal®), fungicidas (Bavistín® y Captan®) y aspersiones del inóculo según cada caso. Los frutos se cosecharon a los 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 56 y 84 días post-antesis (dpa). El número de ácaros se contabilizó en los sépalos (adaxial y abaxialmente), pedúnculo y baya. La aparición de Dothiorella se verificó sembrando los frutos en PDA y en cortes histológicos del ápice, observando la presencia de los picnidios. Se utilizó el paquete SAS®, prueba de medias deTukey y análisis de frecuencia. Se obtuvo 1,79% de frutos con crecimiento del hongo, en ausencia de ácaros e inoculados o no con Dothiorella sp., de 14 y 84 dpa, respectivamente. El estudio histológico evidenció sólo la presencia de Dothiorella sp. en un fruto de 84 dpa inoculado y sin ácaros. Los resultados obtenidos no pudieron demostrar si los daños ocasionados por B. phoenicis facilitaron la entrada de Dothiorella sp., ya que los tratamientos donde se presentaron los ácaros y se inoculó el hongo, éste no se manifestó, probablemente por las condiciones climáticas durante el ensayo. Las poblaciones del ácaro fluctuaron según los tratamientos y la edad del fruto en las diferentes estructuras; donde se aplicó fungicida en presencia de ácaros fue el que obtuvo la mayor población a los 35 dpa en los sépalos abaxialmente.Palabras clave: Ácaro fitófago, pudrición apical del fruto, guayabo.ABSTRACTA experiment was conducted to determine the relationship between the mite Brevipalpus phoenicis and Dothiorella sp. Twenty plants from a experimental orchard located at the Centro Frutícola del Zulia, Mara (10º 49’ 98’’LN and 71º 46’ 33’’LO) were selected and treated with the purpose of obtaining fruit with and without mite injuries, and inoculated or not with Dothiorella, applying a mitecide (Peropal®), fungicides (Bavistín® and Captan®) and aspersions of Dothiorella innoculum according to each treatment. The fruits were harvested at 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 56 y 84 days post-anthesis (dpa). Mites were counted at sepals (abaxial and adaxially), peduncles and berry. The presence of Dothiorella was verified placing the fruit on PDA for the growth of the fungi and with histological sections to locate the pycnidia in the apical portion of the fruit. SAS Program, Tukey´s and Frecuency Analysis were used to analyze the data. Dothiorella was present in 1.79% of the fruits inoculated or not with conidia of the fungi, in absence of mites at 84 and 14 dpa respectively. The hystological analysis found one fruit with Dothiorella treated with innoculum and with no mites at 84 dpa. The results could not demostrate if the injuries caused by the mites facilitate the entrance of Dothiorella, since fruits were the miteswere present and the inocullum of Dothiorella was applied was not verified on PDA, this coud have happened for unfavourable climatic conditions for the inocullum in the field. Mites fluctuated depending on the treatmentsand the age of the fruitis and its parts, the highest mean mite was at 35 dpa on abaxial sepals.Key words: Phytophagous mite, stylar-end rot disease, guava

Karate teaching proposal from the Attitude Style

Comunicaciones. Área tématica 2: El aprendizaje cooperativo en la enseñanza del deporte.[ES] El presente trabajo relata una experiencia educativa desarrollada con dos grupos de 3º de Educación Primaria durante el primer trimestre del curso 2018/2019. Ésta se centra en el proceso de enseñanza de un arte marcial como es el karate a través del desarrollo de una Unidad Didáctica de siete sesiones de duración a través del Estilo Actitudinal. Durante la misma se trabajan aspectos fundamentales de combate y el aprendizaje y puesta en práctica de una kata sencilla: “Pinanshodan” adaptada. Para ello hay una primera parte de enseñanza por parte del docente y una segunda en la que los alumnos se enseñan entre sí bajo un proceso de evaluación formativa. El trabajo en las clases culmina con la presentación de la kata en el festival de Navidad celebrado en el centro.[EN] This paper describes an educational experience developed with two groups of 3rd Primary Education during the first quarter of the 2018/2019 academic year. This experience focuses on the process of teaching a martial art such as karate through the development of a seven-session Didactic Unit through the Attitudinal Style. During it, fundamental aspects of combat and the learning and implementation of a simple kata are worked on: adapted “Pinanshodan”. For this there is a first part of teaching by the teacher and a second in which students teach each other under a process of formative assessment. The work in the classes culminates with the presentation of the kata at the Christmas festival held in the center

Platinum iodido drugs show potential anti-tumor activity, affecting cancer cell metabolism and inducing ROS and senescence in gastrointestinal cancer cells

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has associated clinical disadvantages, such as high toxicity and resistance. Thus, the development of new antitumor metallodrugs able to overcome different clinical barriers is a public healthcare priority. Here, we studied the mechanism of action of the isomers trans and cis-[PtI2(isopropylamine)2] (I5 and I6, respectively) against gastrointestinal cancer cells. We demonstrate that I5 and I6 modulate mitochondrial metabolism, decreasing OXPHOS activity and negatively affecting ATP-linked oxygen consumption rate. Consequently, I5 and I6 generated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), provoking oxidative damage and eventually the induction of senescence. Thus, herein we propose a loop with three interconnected processes modulated by these iodido agents: (i) mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disruptions; (ii) ROS generation and oxidative damage; and (iii) cellular senescence. Functionally, I5 reduces cancer cell clonogenicity and tumor growth in a pancreatic xenograft model without systemic toxicity, highlighting a potential anticancer complex that warrants additional pre-clinical studies.This research was funded by PID2019-106220RB100, RTC2019-007227-1 granted by MICIU/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, and PID2022-137373OB-I00 granted by MICIU/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 / FEDER, UE. This study was supported by ISCIII FIS grants PI20/0335 (RP) and PI21/01110 (BSJ), co-financed through Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) ’Una manera de hacer Europa’. JMH was supported by a grant FPI-UAM 2021 from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Molecular BioSciences PhD program). We thank Gonzalo Vílchez and Sofia Figueiras for their contribution to this work via Comunidad de Madrid grants PEJ-2020-AI/BMD-18538; PEJ-2021-TL/BMD-22441.Peer reviewe

The crossing of obstacles and the fit from the Attitudinal Style and the Cooperative Learning

Comunicaciones. Área tématica 3: Hibridación del aprendizaje cooperativo con otros modelos pedagógicos[ES] Esta comunicación presenta a la cabuyería y al franqueamiento de obstáculos vistos desde dos modelos pedagógicos con aspectos comunes y características diferenciadoras: El Aprendizaje cooperativo y el Estilo actitudinal. En la primera parte de la comunicación se describe paso a paso cómo alcanzar los mismos objetivos de este contenido con ambos modelos. La segunda parte destaca los aspectos diferenciadores más significativos relativos a la organización y disposición del alumnado en el proceso de aprendizaje de los nudos, aspecto clave de la resolución del reto del tensado. La experiencia llevada a cabo en el ámbito de la formación del profesorado y en la educación secundaria obligatoria demuestra la importancia de que el docente elija adecuadamente un modelo u otro en función de las características y necesidades del alumnado.[EN] This experience presents the fit and the overcoming of obstacles seen from two pedagogical models with common aspects and differentiating characteristics: Cooperative Learning and Attitudinal Style. The first part of the communication describes step by step how to achieve the same objectives of this content with both models. The second part highlights the most significant differentiating aspects related to the organization and disposition of the students in the process of learning the knots, a key aspect of the resolution of the tensioning challenge. The experience carried out in the field of teacher training and in compulsory secondary education shows the importance of the teacher choosing adequately one model or another according to the characteristics and needs of the students

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Withdrawal Is Associated with Higher Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Our main aim was to describe the effect on the severity of ACEI (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) and ARB (angiotensin II receptor blocker) during COVID-19 hospitalization. A retrospective, observational, multicenter study evaluating hospitalized patients with COVID-19 treated with ACEI/ARB. The primary endpoint was the incidence of the composite outcome of prognosis (IMV (invasive mechanical ventilation), NIMV (non-invasive mechanical ventilation), ICU admission (intensive care unit), and/or all-cause mortality). We evaluated both outcomes in patients whose treatment with ACEI/ARB was continued or withdrawn. Between February and June 2020, 11,205 patients were included, mean age 67 years (SD = 16.3) and 43.1% female; 2162 patients received ACEI/ARB treatment. ACEI/ARB treatment showed lower all-cause mortality (p < 0.0001). Hypertensive patients in the ACEI/ARB group had better results in IMV, ICU admission, and the composite outcome of prognosis (p < 0.0001 for all). No differences were found in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. Patients previously treated with ACEI/ARB continuing treatment during hospitalization had a lower incidence of the composite outcome of prognosis than those whose treatment was withdrawn (RR 0.67, 95%CI 0.63-0.76). ARB was associated with better survival than ACEI (HR 0.77, 95%CI 0.62-0.96). ACEI/ARB treatment during COVID-19 hospitalization was associated with protection on mortality. The benefits were greater in hypertensive, those who continue

BIM en la construcción

244 páginas.En la actualidad, con la metodología BIM (Building Information Modeling), todos los sistemas de información de los procesos productivos en la obra se han integrado, la información se puede compartir a distancia y en tiempo real con todos los actores involucrados en el proyecto. En estas condiciones, las instituciones generadoras de obras y las empresas prestadoras de servicios se están rediseñando con nuevos modelos de negocios enfocados en satisfacer las actuales demandas y experiencias de los clientes. El libro que aquí se presenta reúne el trabajo de investigación referente a BIM de la Red Académica de Diseño Construcción integrada por académicos de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México (UADY), el Worcester Polytechnical Institute (WPI) de Massachusetts, Estados Unidos y del Área de Administración y Tecnología para el Diseño de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco (UAM). También han colaborado con la Red investigadores de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), España y, dentro de la UAM, académicos de la División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Departamento de Materiales, del Área de Construcción. Cabe mencionar que los artículos ya han sido publicados con anterioridad en los Anuarios de Administración y Tecnología para el Diseño y las Compilaciones de Artículos de Investigación en Administración y Tecnología para la Arquitectura, Diseño e Ingeniería, productos del trabajo de investigación del Área que edita anualmente desde 1999, como se indica en el índice del presente libro

Clinical validation of risk scoring systems to predict risk of delayed bleeding after EMR of large colorectal lesions

[Background and Aims]: The Endoscopic Resection Group of the Spanish Society of Endoscopy (GSEED-RE) model and the Australian Colonic Endoscopic Resection (ACER) model were proposed to predict delayed bleeding (DB) after EMR of large superficial colorectal lesions, but neither has been validated. We validated and updated these models.[Methods]: A multicenter cohort study was performed in patients with nonpedunculated lesions ≥20 mm removed by EMR. We assessed the discrimination and calibration of the GSEED-RE and ACER models. Difficulty performing EMR was subjectively categorized as low, medium, or high. We created a new model, including factors associated with DB in 3 cohort studies.[Results]: DB occurred in 45 of 1034 EMRs (4.5%); it was associated with proximal location (odds ratio [OR], 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31-6.16), antiplatelet agents (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, .99-6.34) or anticoagulants (OR, 4.54; 95% CI, 2.14-9.63), difficulty of EMR (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.41-7.40), and comorbidity (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, .99-4.47). The GSEED-RE and ACER models did not accurately predict DB. Re-estimation and recalibration yielded acceptable results (GSEED-RE area under the curve [AUC], .64 [95% CI, .54-.74]; ACER AUC, .65 [95% CI, .57-.73]). We used lesion size, proximal location, comorbidity, and antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy to generate a new model, the GSEED-RE2, which achieved higher AUC values (.69-.73; 95% CI, .59-.80) and exhibited lower susceptibility to changes among datasets.[Conclusions]: The updated GSEED-RE and ACER models achieved acceptable prediction levels of DB. The GSEED-RE2 model may achieve better prediction results and could be used to guide the management of patients after validation by other external groups. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT 03050333.)Research support for this study was received from “La Caixa/Caja Navarra” Foundation (ID 100010434;project PR15/11100006)

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality