ENVIRONMENTAL PERCEPTION AND URBAN FORESTATION IN MACAPÁ, AMAPÁ

A percepção ambiental abrange a compreensão das inter-relações entre o meio ambiente e os atores sociais e objetiva investigar a maneira como o homem enxerga, interpreta, convive e se adapta à realidade do meio em que vive. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o grau de conscientização dos moradores de Macapá com relação à arborização urbana, através do estudo de percepção ambiental. A metodologia para a pesquisa consistiu na aplicação de questionário, com o intuito de detectar os anseios e opiniões dos moradores quanto a arborização da cidade. Estabeleceu-se a aplicação do material de campo nos bairros mais antigos e mais recentes de cada setor da cidade, perfazendo um total de 550entrevistados. Os resultados mostraram que há uma enorme carência quanto ao planejamento da arborização urbana na cidade. Em geral, a maioria dos pesquisados, manifestou desejo para a realização de novos plantios e mostraram-se disponíveis para participar de campanhas, entretanto, as espécies mais solicitadas, são tradicionalmente, as que já vêm sendo utilizadas:mangueiras (Mangifera indica L.) e jambeiros(Sysygium malaccense L.). É necessária a realização de ações pelo poder público promovendo campanhas educativas e que proporcionem o plantio de espécies arbóreas adequadas incentivando a participação dos munícipes neste processo.Palavras-chave: Árvore, Educação ambiental, Políticas públicas.The environmental perception includes understanding the interrelationships between the environment and social actors and aims to investigate how the man sees, interprets, live and adapts to the reality of the environment in which they live. The present study aims to evaluate the degree of awareness of the residents of Macapá in relation to urban areas, through the study of environmental perception. The methodology for the research consisted of questionnaires, in order to detect the concern sand opinions of residents regarding the afforestation of the city. Established the application of field material in older neighborhoods and new erofeach sector of the city, making a total of550respondents. The results showed that there is a great need for the planning of urban tree sin the city. Most of the respondents expressed desire for the realization of new plantation sand were available to participate in campaigns, however, the species most sought after are traditionally the ones that are already being used, mangos(Mangifera indica L.) and jambeiros (Sysygium malaccense L.). It is necessary to carry out actions by the government promoting educational campaigns and to provide the planting of appropriate tree species by encouraging the participation of citizens in this process.Keywords: Tree; Environmental perception; Public politicians

GESTÃO PARTICIPATIVA NA RESERVA BIOLÓGICA DO LAGO PIRATUBA (AMAPÁ)

The problems of the management of federal conservation units are discussed, with an emphasis on participatory management. Experiences of participatory management of Brazilian conservation units are described and analyzed. The text then focuses on the results of field research conducted in the Lago Piratuba Biological Preserve (state of Amapá, Brazil). Detailed information about the natural resources, the social conditions and the land tenure situation of the unit and its environs is presented and discussed. The text also examines the results of several workshops conducted with local communities, assessing their current situation and relationship with the reserve, besides yielding a list of the major problems that affect the integrity of the unit. The recent implementation of a participatory management scheme of the preserve is evaluated. The major finding is that participatory management is viable and necessary and must be adopted at the early states of unit management, in order to contribute to an adequate relation between local communities and conservation units, reduce human-induced pressures and suggest alternative productive activities that may gradually substitute the current ones. Key words: Environmental Management. Conservation Units. Environmental Policy. Amazon Region. Participation. Biodiversity.O texto aborda a gestão de unidades de conservação federais, destacando algumas definições conceituais, com ênfase na gestão participativa. Descrevem-se algumas experiências e os resultados da gestão compartilhada em unidades de conservação brasileiras. Apresentam-se e discutem-se os resultados de uma pesquisa de campo realizada na Reserva Biológica do Lago Piratuba (Estado do Amapá, Brasil) a qual levantou informações detalhadas sobre os recursos ambientais e a situação fundiária e social da unidade e do seu entorno. São analisados os resultados das Oficinas de Diagnóstico e Zoneamento Participativos executadas em todas as comunidades de dentro e entorno da reserva, o que permite traçar um perfil da situação atual delas e da sua relação com a unidade e listar os principais problemas que afetam a sua integridade. A recente implementação da gestão participativa da unidade é avaliada. O principal achado é que a gestão participativa é viável e necessária quando adotada na fase de implantação das unidades de conservação, para alcançar uma relação adequada entre as populações locais e os demais atores envolvidos. Esse modo de gestão serve também para minimizar as pressões geradas pelas atividades produtivas e oferecer às comunidades alternativas viáveis e sustentáveis que substituam gradativamente as principais atividades econômicas atuais. Palavras-chave: Gestão Ambiental. Unidades de Conservação. Política Ambiental. Amazônia. Participação. Biodiversidade. Abstract The problems of the management of federal conservation units are discussed, with an emphasis on participatory management. Experiences of participatory management of Brazilian conservation units are described and analyzed. The text then focuses on the results of field research conducted in the Lago Piratuba Biological Preserve (state of Amapá, Brazil). Detailed information about the natural resources, the social conditions and the land tenure situation of the unit and its environs is presented and discussed. The text also examines the results of several workshops conducted with local communities, assessing their current situation and relationship with the reserve, besides yielding a list of the major problems that affect the integrity of the unit. The recent implementation of a participatory management scheme of the preserve is evaluated. The major finding is that participatory management is viable and necessary and must be adopted at the early states of unit management, in order to contribute to an adequate relation between local communities and conservation units, reduce human-induced pressures and suggest alternative productive activities that may gradually substitute the current ones. Key words: Environmental Management. Conservation Units. Environmental Policy. Amazon Region. Participation. Biodiversity. OLAM - Ciência & Tecnologia, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil – eISSN: 1982-7784 está licenciada sob Licença Creative Commons. Rio Claro / SP, Brasil Ano VIII Vol. 8 No.1, Janeiro - Junho / 2008 – RESUMO

CHARACTERIZATION OF SEIZURES OF WILD FAUNA IN THE STATE OF AMAPA, EASTERN AMAZONIA, BRAZIL

Este artigo objetivou caracterizar as apreensões de fauna silvestre no estado do Amapá. Foram analisados registros constantes dos Autos de Infração Ambiental lavrados pelos órgãos de fiscalização ambiental (Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis, Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Meio Ambiente e Ordenamento Territorial do Amapá e Batalhão de Polícia Militar Ambiental) no período de 2005 a 2009. Os resultados mostraram que foram apreendidos 1.986 animais silvestres que geraram R$694.937,00 em multas. As apreensões ocorreram em 13 dos 16 municípios amapaenses, com destaque para Macapá e Santana que concentraram 87$ 694.937,00 in fines. The seizures occurred in 13 of the 16 municipal districts of Amapá, with higher occurrence in the municipal districts of Macapá and Santana that concentrated 87% of the procedures. The most frequent infractions were the ownership or keeping the animals in captivity and transport of meat and live animals of the wild fauna", with 38,14% and 30,77%, respectively.  Reptiles and birds were the most seized with 48% and 45%, while mammals were the least with 7% of the arrests. Of the total of arrested specimens, 736 belong to nine constant species of the list of threatened species, which, seven consist simultaneously in the lists of IUCN and of the CITES. It was concluded that the wildlife has been used indiscriminately, aiming the livestock and food consumption in the rural and urban areas of the state and, that deficiencies in the enforcement of the inspection activities hinder the restraint of this illicit activity.Keywords: wild animals; endangered species; environmental inspection; environmental agencies.

Análise da destinação da fauna silvestre apreendida no Estado do Amapá, Brasil

Este trabalho analisou a destinação da fauna silvestre apreendida no Estado do Amapá. Foram identificados e quantificados os indivíduos recepcionados, determinando suas origens e destinos, índices de natalidade, mortalidade e plantel remanescente em cativeiro. Foram coletadas informações nos Termos de Doação e Soltura emitidos pelos órgãos fiscalizadores e nos registros internos das instituições recepcionadoras. Foram recepcionados 1.814 indivíduos, dos quais, 41,62% pertencem à classe Ave, 20,45% Mammalia e 37,93% Reptilia. Ocorreram 129 nascimentos, 192 óbitos, 935 solturas, 53 transferências e 634 hospedagens de espécimes da fauna nativa. O plantel remanescente em cativeiro somou 752 animais silvestres.

Diagnóstico da pesca ilegal no Estado do Amapá, Brasil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo diagnosticar a ocorrência da pesca ilegal no Estado do Amapá. Foram analisados registros constantes de 521 Autos de Infração lavrados pelo IBAMA no período de 1995 a 2012 que resultaram na aplicação de 11 advertências e 510 multas, gerando a quantia de R$ 2.458.488,98 e apreensão de 31.939,15 kg de peixes, 2.900 caranguejos, um peixe-boi e quelônios. Houve registro de infrações de pesca em 13 dos 16 municípios amapaenses, com destaque para Oiapoque, Amapá, Calçoene, Santana e Macapá que concentraram 88,67% dos procedimentos. Houve registro de apreensão de 31 espécies de peixes, sendo as mais frequentes o Curimatã, Pescada e Corvina.

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Gestão participativa na reserva biológica do Lago Pirituba (Amapá)

O texto aborda a gestão de unidades de conservação federais, destacando algumas definições conceituais, com ênfase na gestão participativa. Descrevem-se algumas experiências e os resultados da gestão compartilhada em unidades de conservação brasileiras. Apresentam-se e discutem-se os resultados de uma pesquisa de campo realizada na Reserva Biológica do Lago Piratuba (Estado do Amapá, Brasil) a qual levantou informações detalhadas sobre os recursos ambientais e a situação fundiária e social da unidade e do seu entorno. São analisados os resultados das Oficinas de Diagnóstico e Zoneamento Participativos executadas em todas as comunidades de dentro e entorno da reserva, o que permite traçar um perfil da situação atual delas e da sua relação com a unidade e listar os principais problemas que afetam a sua integridade. A recente implementação da gestão participativa da unidade é avaliada. O principal achado é que a gestão participativa é viável e necessária quando adotada na fase de implantação das unidades de conservação, para alcançar uma relação adequada entre as populações locais e os demais atores envolvidos. Esse modo de gestão serve também para minimizar as pressões geradas pelas atividades produtivas e oferecer às comunidades alternativas viáveis e sustentáveis que substituam gradativamente as principais atividades econômicas atuais. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe problems of the management of federal conservation units are discussed, with an emphasis on participatory management. Experiences of participatory management of Brazilian conservation units are described and analyzed. The text then focuses on the results of field research conducted in the Lago Piratuba Biological Preserve (state of Amapá, Brazil). Detailed information about the natural resources, the social conditions and the land tenure situation of the unit and its environs is presented and discussed. The text also examines the results of several workshops conducted with local communities, assessing their current situation and relationship with the reserve, besides yielding a list of the major problems that affect the integrity of the unit. The recent implementation of a participatory management scheme of the preserve is evaluated. The major finding is that participatory management is viable and necessary and must be adopted at the early states of unit management, in order to contribute to an adequate relation between local communities and conservation units, reduce human-induced pressures and suggest alternative productive activities that may gradually substitute the current ones