Percutaneous versus Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Posterior Tibial Nerve in Idiopathic Overactive Bladder Syndrome with Urinary Incontinence in Adults: A Systematic Review

Background: Percutaneous electrical stimulation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (PTNS and TTNS) of the posterior tibial nerve are internationally recognized treatment methods that offer advantages in terms of treating patients with overactive bladder (OAB) who present with urinary incontinence (UI). This article aims to analyze the scientific evidence for the treatment of OAB with UI in adults using PTNS versus TTNS procedures in the posterior tibial nerve. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, between February and May 2021 in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Results: The research identified 259 studies, 130 of which were selected and analyzed, with only 19 used according to the inclusion requirements established. The greatest effectiveness, in reducing UI and in other parameters of daily voiding and quality of life, was obtained by combining both techniques with other treatments, pharmacological treatments, or exercise. Conclusions: TTNS has advantages over PTNS as it is more comfortable for the patient even though there is equality of both therapies in the outcome variables. More research studies are necessary in order to obtain clear scientific evidenc

Metología de Enseñanza de los deportes de invasión en primaria

El objetivo de estudio fue analizar la metodología de enseñanza de los deportes de invasión en Educación Primaria. Para ello, se validó y diseñó un cuestionario con las siguientes dimensiones: cuantificación de la programación sobre deportes invasión y disciplinas impartidas, metodología horizontal o vertical, situaciones de aprendizaje utilizadas y creencias metodológicas. El cuestionario fue respondido por 151 maestros de Educación Física de Sevilla. Los resultados reflejan que los maestros dedican una gran cantidad de su programación a los deportes de invasión. Baloncesto, fútbol y balonmano son las disciplinas más impartidas. Los maestros de Educación Física utilizan mayormente una metodología vertical. Las situaciones de aprendizaje de igualdad numérica son las más utilizadas para enseñar deportes invasión. Por último, las creencias metodológicas de los maestros se orientan hacia un aprendizaje activo.The aim of this study was to analyze teaching methodology in invasion games in Primary Education. For this purpose, a questionnaire with the following parameters was drawn up and validated: Quantification of the programs involving invasion games and disciplines taught, horizontal or vertical methodologies, learning situations and learning situations and methodological approaches used. The questionnaire was answered by 151 physical education teachers in Seville. The results show that teachers the teachers devote a large proportion of their teaching programs to invasion games. Basketball, football and handball are the most taught. A vertical approach is generally applied by physical education teachers. Learning situations of numerical equality are the most used for the teaching of invasion games. Finally, the methodological approaches of the teachers are focused on active learning

Corrective bandage for conservative treatment of metatarsus adductus: A retrospective study

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución del pie metatarso aducto semirrígido o de segundo grado tras la aplicación de un método de tratamiento con vendajes funcionales correctores en ninos ˜ recién nacidos. Material y métodos: Estudio observacionalretrospectivo de 94 ninos ˜ nacidos con pies metatarso aductos semirrígidos o de segundo grado en el Hospital Virgen Macarena de Sevilla durante los anos ˜ 2010-2012 tratados con el método de vendajes funcionales correctores. Las variables registradas fueron: sexo, lateralidad de la deformidad, peso y longitud del recién nacido, edad al inicio del tratamiento, antecedentes relacionados con el embarazo y el parto, tipo de tratamiento aplicado y su duración, y corrección o no de la deformidad solo con vendajes. Resultados: Se observó que en el 68,1% (64/94) de los pacientes el metatarso aducto se corrigió solo con vendajes. En las ninas ˜ el tratamiento mediante vendajes resolvió la deformidad con más frecuencia que en los ninos. ˜ Conclusión: El método de vendajes correctores presenta una gran efectividad en la corrección del pie metatarso aducto. En las ninas, ˜ el tratamiento mediante vendajes resolvió la deformidad con más frecuencia que en los ninos.Objective: To analyze the evolution of a corrective bandage of the semi-rigid metatarsus adductus (MA) foot in newborn. Material and methods: An observational, clinical study was performed at the University Hospital ‘‘Virgen Macarena’’ in Seville, Spain. Children born with semi-rigid metatarsus adductus feet at the Virgen Macarena University Hospital in Seville during the years 2010-2011 were included. Corrective bandaging was applied to all children until clinical correction of the deformity. Sex, laterality of the deformity, weight and length of the newborn, age at the start of treatment, antecedents related to the pregnancy and birth, type of treatment (bandaging, splints) and correction or no correction with bandaging alone were recorded. Results: The bandage achieved complete correction in 68.1% of the metatarsus adductus patients and corrected the deformity more frequently in girls compared to boys. Conclusion: Corrective bandages showed high effectiveness, particularly in girls

Short-term effects of interferential current electro-massage in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

Objetivos: Analizar la efectividad de un procedimiento combinado de masaje y electroterapia con corriente interferencial en individuos con dolor lumbar crónico inespecífico de etiología mecánica. Diseño: ensayo controlado aleatorio simple ciego. Ámbito: ámbito clínico. Participantes: Sesenta y dos personas con dolor lumbar crónico inespecífico fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental o de control. Durante 10 semanas, el grupo experimental recibió un tratamiento compuesto por 20 sesiones (dos veces por semana) de masaje con corriente interferencial en la zona lumbar y dorso-lumbar, y el grupo control recibió masaje superficial en la zona lumbar (effleurage, presión superficial y balanceo de la piel). Principales variables de resultado: índice de discapacidad de Oswestry, escala analógica visual de dolor, escala de Tampa para kinesiofobia, cuestionario de discapacidad de Roland Morris, prueba de McQuade, prueba de puente lateral, puntuaciones de calidad de vida y rango de movimiento de anteflexión del tronco, todas evaluadas antes del tratamiento y inmediatamente después de la última sesión de tratamiento. Resultados: El modelo ANOVA mixto 2 × 2 con mediciones repetidas mostró interacciones grupo * tiempo estadísticamente significativas para la escala visual analógica (F = 12,839; P = 0,001), índice de discapacidad de Oswestry (F = 5,850; P = 0,019), discapacidad de Roland Morris Cuestionario (F = 8,237; P = 0,006) y calidad de vida (función física (F = 16,792; P = 0,001), rol físico (F = 14,839; P = 0,001) y dolor corporal (F = 11,247; P = 0,001). Conclusiones: En individuos con dolor lumbar crónico inespecífico, el electromasaje con corriente interferencial logró una mejora significativamente mayor en la discapacidad, el dolor y la calidad de vida en comparación con el masaje superficial después de 20 sesiones de tratamiento. Palabras clave Dolor lumbar, masaje con terapia de estimulación eléctrica, ensayo controlado aleatorio, dolor crónico, masaj

Effectiveness of Tele-Prescription of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has had a huge impact on the provision of physiotherapists’ services during the pandemic. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a major health problem and one of the most common causes of pain in the front of the knee in outpatients. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a therapeutic physical exercise (TPE) program supervised by a physiotherapist using telematic channels in reducing pain and disability in a sample of 54 patients with PFPS in the Physiotherapy Service of the San José de la Rinconada Health Center (Seville). Subjects were evaluated pre- and post-intervention (4 weeks—12 treatment sessions). An analysis was made of perceived pain—using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the DN4 neuropathic pain questionnaire—and functional balance—through the Kujala Score test and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale. The supervised TPE program in patients with PFPS produced a reduction in pain: VAS F1, 52 = 8.68 (p = 0.005) η2 = 0.14 and DN4: F1, 52 = 69.94 (p = 0.000) η2 = 0.57; and in Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) disability: F1, 52 = 19.1 (p = 0.000) η2 = 0.27 and KUJALA: F1, 52 = 60.28 (p = 0.000) η2 = 0.54, which was statistically significant (p = 0.000 for p < 0.05). Hence, the TPE program presented was effective in reducing pain and disability in patients with PFPS

Gestational Hypothyroxinemia Affects Its Offspring With a Reduced Suppressive Capacity Impairing the Outcome of the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Hypothyroxinemia (Hpx) is a thyroid hormone deficiency (THD) condition highly frequent during pregnancy, which although asymptomatic for the mother, it can impair the cognitive function of the offspring. Previous studies have shown that maternal hypothyroidism increases the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an autoimmune disease model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we analyzed the immune response after EAE induction in the adult offspring gestated in Hpx. Mice gestated in Hpx showed an early appearance of EAE symptoms and the increase of all parameters of the disease such as: the pathological score, spinal cord demyelination, and immune cell infiltration in comparison to the adult offspring gestated in euthyroidism. Isolated CD4+CD25+ T cells from spleen of the offspring gestated in Hpx that suffer EAE showed reduced capacity to suppress proliferation of effector T cells (TEff) after being stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies. Moreover, adoptive transfer experiments of CD4+CD25+ T cells from the offspring gestated in Hpx suffering EAE to mice that were induced with EAE showed that the receptor mice suffer more intense EAE pathological score. Even though, no significant differences were detected in the frequency of Treg cells and IL-10 content in the blood, spleen, and brain between mice gestated in Hpx or euthyroidism, T cells CD4+CD25+ from spleen have reduced capacity to differentiate in vitro to Treg and to produce IL-10. Thus, our data support the notion that maternal Hpx can imprint the immune response of the offspring suffering EAE probably due to a reduced capacity to trigger suppression. Such “imprints” on the immune system could contribute to explaining as to why adult offspring gestated in Hpx suffer earlier and more intense EAE