Lomustine’s nanoemulsion as nose-to-brain drug delivery system for CNS tumor treatment

Nose-to-brain delivery allows the direct targeting of drug molecules bypassing the Blood Brain Barrier and systemic effect. Nanoemulsion is one of the novel strategies to deliver drug in this route due to its simplicity in manufacturing, long-term stability, and strong solubilization property for drug. The anticancer drug lomustine had poor oral bioavailability in addition to its serious side effect, therefore, developing more effective drug delivery with direct targeting towards the brain through intra-nasal administration applying nanoemulsion technology is a promising alternative. The work involved lomustine solubility screening in oils, surfactants and cosurfactants as well as emulsifier ratio (Smix) nanoemulsion area was identified using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. Eighteen nanoemulsion formulas were produced for optimization, then characterized for droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, conductivity, transmittance, dilution, visual transparency, physical stability and in vitro release. The optimum NE formula showed droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, %transmittance, conductivity of 31.31 nm, −30.65 mV, 0.159, 98.12%, 99.08%, and 951 us/cm, respectively. The best formula released 100% lomustine within 15 min which is a promising potential drug delivery system that may deliver the drug quickly and directly to the brain as a safe and effective alternative to oral delivery

NEW COMBINATION SUPPOSITORIES OF LORNOXICAM AND ALOIN FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

  Objective: The objective of our current work is to formulate, optimize and evaluate new combination rectal suppositories as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis that contains both lornoxicam and aloin. Both are strong anti-inflammatory agents, and a combination of both may have synergistic effect as an anti-inflammatory treatment.Methods: Rectal suppositories containing 8 mg lornoxicam and 200 mg aloin were formulated by heat fusion method. Different combinations of different molecular weights of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used for the formulated suppositories. The formulated suppositories were evaluated for their visual appearance, weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, melting temperature, and drug content uniformity.Results: All the formulations prepared were within the required limits for USP. When the release study was performed, both drugs were released from all the formulations prepared. However, formulation F7 which is composed of PEG 400 30.88% (w/w): PEG 4000 46.32% (w/w) was superior to other formulations in which more than 80% of both drugs loaded were released after 35 min. The presence of both drugs in the same suppository did not affect their release.Conclusion: A new combination suppositories have been obtained where the two combined drugs were released fast without interference with each other release. The proposed new combination has the potential to be used as a strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory treatment compared to using lornoxicam or aloin alone