The Effect of Risk Management Reporting on Financial Efficiency

Purpose:The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between risk management reporting and financial efficiency.Design/Methodology/Approach:Risk management reporting is measured by a score indicating whether companies report on risk management in their annual reports. Efficiency is measured by the total asset turnover, which is the ratio of net revenue on total assets. This study applied a panel research design and data are collected from 138 companies listed on Bursa Malaysia in the product and service industries from 2018 to 2020.Findings:The result of this study shows that there is a significant relationship between risk management reporting and efficiency in Malaysia. The result of this study also shows between all available risk management reporting features in Malaysian companies' annual reports cyber risk, equity risk, inventory risk, market risk, and regulatory risk, have significant relationships with financial efficiency.Practical Implications:The outcomes of this study may be useful for companies that have not prepared risk management reporting to understand the impact on their financial efficiency. The findings may also provide important suggestions for the boards of directors of these companies considering the preparation of such a report.Originality/Value:The study contributes to the scientific literature by conducting an extensive analysis on the results of risk management reporting from the perspective of financial efficiency. The significant relationship between risk management reporting and efficiency provides evidence that risk management is an important determinant of financial efficiency and, ultimately, of improving company’s performance

Antiproliferative and anticancer activities of Neurada procumbens L. against epithelial carcinoma and breast cancer cell lines

308-314Neurada procumbens L. commonly called as sand button, is used as a medicinal herb by Bedouin in the Arabia Peninsula for heart and respiratory functions. This little known plant has not been investigated in detail for its biological activities. Hence, we have made an attempt to investigate the plant for its anticancer activities. Methanol and chloroform extracts of N.procumbens were evaluated for antiproliferative and anticancer activities in HEp-2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Humanforeskin epithelial cells showed an IC50 value of 34 μg and 149 μg for chloroform and methanol extracts, respectively. Thechloroform extract of N. procumbens @3 μg showed 50% reduction of HEp-2 cell population in 24 h, while 5.5 μg showedsimilar effects in MCF-7 cells. The results of the methanol extracts were little varied, where 49 μg showed slow inhibitionof HEp-2 cells over a period of 72 h. In another similar observation, 76 μg of methanol extract inhibited 50% MCF-7 cellproliferation. The concentrations which could inhibit complete turnover of the experimental cancer cell lines at 24 h were>5 μg and 6 μg of chloroform extract and > 60 μg and 80 μg of methanol extract for HEp-2 and MCF-7, respectively. Themicro therapeutic index of methanol extract in HEp-2 and MCF-7 were 3 and 1.9, while chloroform extract was 11.3 and6.1. This is an initial observation of N. procumbens that shows antiproliferative activities against cancer cell lines

Assessment of Infection control precaution in blood banks in Makkah Al-Mukarramah Saudi Arabia 2022

Background: Health care staffs working in the blood banks are constantly exposed to microorganisms. Many of which can cause serious or even lethal infections. Lab technician in particular are often exposed to various infections during the course of carrying out their lab activities. Therefore lab activities should have sound knowledge and strict adherence to infection control practice and transfusion services are at risk of exposure to pathogenic organisms in blood. While transfusion-transmissible diseases, including AIDS and viral hepatitis, continue to spread especially in developing countries, the issue of safeguarding the world\u27s blood supply is of paramount importance and thus its blood supply has the potential to affect the global community. In recent years, Saudi Arabia blood centres have tried to improve the nation\u27s blood safety. Although substantial progress has already been made, many daunting difficulties remain. Aim of study: To Assessment of Infection control precaution in blood banks in Makkah Al-Mukarramah Saudi Arabia 2022. Methods: This cross sectional study included (200) health care professionals in Makkah City at Saudi Arabia 2022. (doctors, nurses, lab workers) from primary healthcare (PHC) centers an self-administrated questionnaire was constructed by the researcher and was used for data collection. Divided in to 3 parts and contains  items i.e., socio‑demographic characteristics, questions about infection control precaution regarding infection control in blood banks. Results: there were 200 participants, the majority regarding the degree of availability of needs for precautionary measures the majority of participant answer available were (66.0%) a significant relation  were P-value=0.001 X2 99.04. The degree of application of precautionary measures the majority of participant answer The procedures are implemented with high quality were (81.0%).Conclusion: performance toward infection control in blood bank it can be concluded that in spite of having good practice level regarding infection control in blood bank , health care worker had fair Infection control precaution in blood bank  not bad, but must be updating knowledge and practice of health care worker through continuing in-service educational programs

Clinical Laboratory with the Cooperation of Pharmacist and Nurses in Delivering Propar Antimicrobial Drugs

One of the most significant factors that is regarded to be contributing to the rise of antimicrobial resistance is the usage of antimicrobials without proper consideration. Pharmacists, nurses, and clinical microbiologists are in a strategic position to encourage the sensible use of antimicrobial medications. Community pharmacies are the primary source of access to antimicrobials. Because of this, it is essential to be aware of the quality of the dispensing service. According to the findings of the evaluation, the quality of antimicrobial dispensing is unsatisfactory, which calls for enhancements in practice as well as diversified ways to encourage the professionals involved in the process to continue their education. In addition, it is necessary to perform awareness initiatives for the general community in order to encourage the responsible utilization of antimicrobials and to decrease the level of microbial resistance

A nationwide survey of public COPD knowledge and awareness in Saudi Arabia: A population-based survey of 15,000 adults

BACKGROUND: There is a concerning lack of representative data on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) awareness in Saudi Arabia, and a significant proportion of the population is vulnerable to developing a smoking habit, which is a major risk factor for the disease. METHODS: Population-Based Survey of 15,000 people was conducted to assess the public knowledge and awareness of COPD across Saudi Arabia from October 2022 to March 2023. RESULTS: A total of 15002 responders completed the survey, with a completion rate of 82%. The majority 10314 (69%) were 18–30 year and 6112 (41%) had high school education. The most common comorbidities among the responders were depression (7.67%); hypertension (6%); diabetes (5.77%) and Chronic Lung Disease (4.12%). The most common symptoms were dyspnea (17.80%); chest tightness (14.09%) and sputum (11.19%). Among those who complains of any symptoms, only 16.44% had consulted their doctor. Around 14.16% were diagnosed with a respiratory disease and only 15.56% had performed pulmonary function test (PFT). The prevalence of smoking history was 15.16%, in which current smokers were 9.09%. About 48% of smokers used cigarette, 25% used waterpipe and around 27% were E-cigarette users. About 77% of the total sample have never heard about COPD. Majority of current smokers (73.5%; 1002), ex-smokers (68%; 619), and non-smokers (77.9%; 9911) are unaware of COPD, p value <0.001. Seventy five percent (1028) of the current smokers and 70% (633) of the ex-smokers have never performed PFT, p value <0.001. Male, younger age (18–30 years), higher education, family history of respiratory diseases, previous diagnosis of respiratory disease, previous PFT, and being an ex-smokers increases the odds of COPD awareness, p-value <0.05. CONCLUSION: There is a significantly low awareness about COPD in Saudi Arabia, especially among smokers. A nationwide approach must include targeted public awareness campaigns, continued healthcare professional education, community-based activities encouraging diagnosis and early detection, advice on smoking cessation and lifestyle changes, as well as coordinated national COPD screening programs

Efficacy Of Digital Operating Room Technology , Role Of Nursing, Anesthesia And Radiology Team In OR Safety

Nowadays, operating rooms (ORs) are inefficient and overcrowded, and the turnover between cases is frequently lengthy and varied. In addition, the turnover rate is not consistent. The introduction of new technologies and devices into an environment that is already technologically complex is frequently done in a completely random manner. Both the data and photographs pertaining to patients are not integrated effectively or displayed in a timely manner. The system is put under additional strain as a result of the lack of integration of technology and information, which leads to further decreases in both efficiency and effectiveness. As a consequence, this may have an effect on the prices and the safety of patients. In order to improve efficiency, enhance safety, and lower the cost of care, it is vital to strengthen the integration of high technology, as well as to engage in teamwork, improve communication and coordination among services, providers, and personnel. Despite the fact that these daily realities are present, the conventional operating room is undergoing a transformation as a result of the introduction of new technology and paradigms into the clinical setting. Nursing, anesthesia and radiology team play a very important role in OR safety, as they form an excellent team in all aspects of collaboration

Epstein-Barr virus: clinical and epidemiological revisits and genetic basis of oncogenesis

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is classified as a member in the order herpesvirales, family herpesviridae, subfamily gammaherpesvirinae and the genus lymphocytovirus. The virus is an exclusively human pathogen and thus also termed as human herpesvirus 4 (HHV4). It was the first oncogenic virus recognized and has been incriminated in the causation of tumors of both lymphatic and epithelial nature. It was reported in some previous studies that 95% of the population worldwide are serologically positive to the virus. Clinically, EBV primary infection is almost silent, persisting as a life-long asymptomatic latent infection in B cells although it may be responsible for a transient clinical syndrome called infectious mononucleosis. Following reactivation of the virus from latency due to immunocompromised status, EBV was found to be associated with several tumors. EBV linked to oncogenesis as detected in lymphoid tumors such as Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin's disease (HD), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and T-cell lymphomas (e.g. Peripheral T-cell lymphomas; PTCL and Anaplastic large cell lymphomas; ALCL). It is also linked to epithelial tumors such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), gastric carcinomas and oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL). In vitro, EBV many studies have demonstrated its ability to transform B cells into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Despite these malignancies showing different clinical and epidemiological patterns when studied, genetic studies have suggested that these EBV- associated transformations were characterized generally by low level of virus gene expression with only the latent virus proteins (LVPs) upregulated in both tumors and LCLs. In this review, we summarize some clinical and epidemiological features of EBV- associated tumors. We also discuss how EBV latent genes may lead to oncogenesis in the different clinical malignancie

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease